(continued from above)
**Post-Vatican II teaching: **
Summary: The mystical body of Christ is composed of the Catholic Church and other churches. The fullness of Truth
subsists in the Catholic Church but is not confined to it.
From
Lumen Gentium:
Source:
vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html
**Remarks: **
So, what does “subsists in” really mean? Does it continue the flow of Catholic tradition or does it rupture it? Certain Catholic scholars like Christopher Ferrera would say that the term “subsists in” is an ambiguous term, that should be interpreted as closely as possible with the original word “is.”
As both Mr. Fererra is a lawyer, I would like to say that he is employing what I would broadly call a “presumption” in favour of *Lumen Gentium *being reconcilable with prior teaching. In other words, he is reading “subsists in” with a presumption that it does not conflict with “is”. But from where does this presumption arise? Good faith?
I would like to suggest another approach, one that might appeal to a constitutional lawyer but one that is also logical as well. I propose (as as some others have before me) an originalist argument, namely that to ascertain the meaning of “subsists in”, we need to look at what the authors of* Lumen Gentium* actually intended.
Let’s see what those who were actually at Vatican II (including those who had a hand in drafting the documents) have to say about this:
Fr. Avery Dulles an expert on Vatican II and member of the International Theological Commission:
(emphasis mine)
Source: Vatican ll, the Work That Needs to Be Done, David Tracy (Concillium, Seabury Press, NY, 1978), p. 91
Robert McAfee Brown, a Protestant observer at Vatican II:
Source: The Ecumenical Revolution, Robert McAfee Brown. (Garden City: Doubleday, 1967, 2nd ed. 1969) p. 67.
Fr. Edward Schillebeeckx, one of the main drafters of Vatican II documents:
Source: Catholic Family News (September 2005, page 15)
Another CFN article cites an interview in 2000 between (at the time) Cardinal Ratzinger (who helped draft
Lumen Gentium) and the German newspaper
Frankfurter Allgemeine:
(emphasis mine)
Source: Catholic Family News (July 2005, page 12)
NB: As Pope Benedict has not changed his position on this issue, we can safely say that the above is also the “Papal” position on salvation outside of the Church.
Conclusion:
Taken as a whole, I cannot see how, in good conscience, a Catholic can say that the statements of Pius XI, XII, Leo XIII when compared to those of the Authors of Lumen Gentium and Cardinal Ratzinger can be reconciled.
Let me conclude with this quote by Pius XII who was very clear on the doctrine of *Extra ecclesium nulla salus: *
(emphasis mine)
(Singulari Quadam, 1854)