Was the French revolution evil?

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The French revolution cannot be considered a failure. The revolutionaries sought to establish a nation state, and equality, liberty and fraternity. They did not fail. France and Germany are the economic power houses of Europe. They have an excellent health service and education system. That is not to say their methods left a lot to be desired to say the least, or that France is a utopia, but it cannot be said it is a failure.
After 20 years of war under the Revolution and then the French Empire under Napoleon, what happened after Napoleon was deposed in 1815? The Bourbon kings were restored to the throne. Yes, they were now constitutional kings but kings nevertheless. So, in that sense, I guess you could say the revolution was not a failure in establishing a new order separate from the Ancient Regime, but at what cost? How many had to die for it, justly and unjustly? This was also what began France on the path of underpopulation, something that would really hit hard when the Great War came along in 1914.

Louis XVI was not a perfect king. Things reached a point where something needed to be done but the French monarchy was hamstrung by the ancient rights and privileges that were held by the nobility and the Church. He was a man literally caught between a rock and a hard place. I don’t know what the answer could have been but I do know that a nation that is built on the murder of their king and queen, along with many royal family members is certainly not a nation built upon the good for all. It is a bit of a stretch to maintain that things have been made better when it takes the closing, looting and sacking of Churches, and the murder of hundreds of bishops, priests and religious to prove the point. The age of kings is over and the concept of royal government would be incompatible with the modern would of today; but it doesn’t make the shedding of innocent blood and the loss of thousands of lives acceptable.
 
Has it ever occurred to anyone here that, without French revolution, there would still be monarchy?
England, France, Germany, Russia and Austria-Hungary all had deposed kings and the result afterward was years of war and oppression. Democracy didn’t stop that from happening. Hitler may have never come to power if the Kaiser wasn’t deposed and sent into exile and Stalin would have never been able to unleash his red terror on his own people and threaten innocent people in other countries if the bolsheviks hadn’t murdered the Tzar in a basement. Are you suggesting that that was a good thing?
 
Every Catholic religious order they could get their hands on, Nuns and all went to the Guillotine.
 
Nuns were carted off to the guillotine simply for the crime of being nuns. Priests were executed because they were priests. After the revolutionaries killed the king and queen and nobility they began to kill off one another one faction at a time. Catholics in rural areas who wanted nothing to do with the revolution found their parish churches expropriated, their priests hauled off and ‘government priests’ installed.
 
James II died in 1701. Louis XVI was born in 1754. The “relevant” French king would be Louis XIV (died in 1715), but didn’t he support Jacobites against James II? I think you have mixed up something…
Your right I am mixing up my Roman numerals.

Jacobite is Latin for James. James was the Jacobite hier. He appealed to the Pope for assistance in a Jacobite rising but to my knowledge his request was declined. The rising failed and he fled to France were he was welcomed by Louis XIV. His son Charles grew up in exile in France. His Jacobite rising also failed. The Jacobite risings spanned fronm 1688 until 1793? The purpose was to restore the Stuarts to the throne.

The Pope supported William of Orange - Protestant, Dutch but married to James II daughter Mary, and commissioned him to fight against James II in Ireland. Louis XIV sent troops to support James II. There was a painting of the Pope blessing William of Orange and his army hung in Stormont - parliament buildings in Northern Ireland - until a leading member of the Orange Lodge allegedly took exception to the fact William of Orange was commissioned by the Pope and slashed the painting and threw red paint on it. (1935 or 37?). It was taken to England to be restored and apparently still exits.

The Pope supported William as the League of Augsberg had been formed. William guaranteed religious freedom for Catholics in Ireland but reneged.

In short there was a lot of bad blood between the Pope and Louis XIV’s successors. Louis XVI inherited this legacy, and if my memory serves me right wanted to do a Henry VII with the Church in France in that it would essentially be Catholic but with him as the head and not the Pope.
 
England, France, Germany, Russia and Austria-Hungary all had deposed kings and the result afterward was years of war and oppression. Democracy didn’t stop that from happening. Hitler may have never come to power if the Kaiser wasn’t deposed and sent into exile and Stalin would have never been able to unleash his red terror on his own people and threaten innocent people in other countries if the bolsheviks hadn’t murdered the Tzar in a basement. Are you suggesting that that was a good thing?
That depends on whether your pro monarchy or anti monarchy - pro imperialist of anti imperialist.

As the Irish were oppressed by monarchy and imperialism you can guess where I stand. That does not mean I am of the opinion the atrocities you refer to where good things, nor that the end always justifies the means.

Hitler may never had come to power had the Kaiser not been deposed and sent into exile, but be stated with any certainty he would not. The same can be said for Stalin. It can also legitimately be argued had it not been for oppressive imperialism Hitler would not have come to power - nor Stalin. Revolutions happen for a reason. That does not mean everything they do is good and justified.

The Americas weren’t too keen on imperialism. Overthrowing it seems to have worked out just fine.
 
That depends on whether your pro monarchy or anti monarchy - pro imperialist of anti imperialist.
The whole-sale slaughter of innocents is never justified regardless as to one being “pro monarchy or anti monarchy.”
The Americas weren’t too keen on imperialism. Overthrowing it seems to have worked out just fine.
America wasn’t keen on being treated like an unwanted stepchild. Had King George done his duty to the colonies, things would have been radically different.
 
The whole-sale slaughter of innocents is never justified regardless as to one being “pro monarchy or anti monarchy.”

America wasn’t keen on being treated like an unwanted stepchild. Had King George done his duty to the colonies, things would have been radically different.
Of course wholesale slaughter of innocents is never justified - though those who believe dropping the atom bomb on Hersoshima and Nagasaki was justified may disagree.

Had Louis king of France done his duty perhaps there would not have been a revolution.
 
England, France, Germany, Russia and Austria-Hungary all had deposed kings and the result afterward was years of war and oppression. Democracy didn’t stop that from happening. Hitler may have never come to power if the Kaiser wasn’t deposed and sent into exile and Stalin would have never been able to unleash his red terror on his own people and threaten innocent people in other countries if the bolsheviks hadn’t murdered the Tzar in a basement. Are you suggesting that that was a good thing?
One: you’re using out of context examples. Russia never has had democracy. Ever. The revolution that deposed the Tsar family simply created the Communist party dictatorship. Modern Russia never has, and still does not, experience democracy. So yes, Stalin would have still most likely happened. Germany was working pretty well until Hitler came around. And besides, what kind of reasoming is that - we keep a mad tyrant to avoid another, potentially more destructive mad tyrant (because who knows what the Kaiser could have and still could do if Germany was still a monarchy)?
Two: read the rest of my previous post. Without worldwide democracy, that is a direct consequence of the French Revolution, we would be nothing more than oppressed.
 
Your right I am mixing up my Roman numerals.

Jacobite is Latin for James. James was the Jacobite hier. He appealed to the Pope for assistance in a Jacobite rising but to my knowledge his request was declined. The rising failed and he fled to France were he was welcomed by Louis XIV. His son Charles grew up in exile in France. His Jacobite rising also failed. The Jacobite risings spanned fronm 1688 until 1793? The purpose was to restore the Stuarts to the throne.

The Pope supported William of Orange - Protestant, Dutch but married to James II daughter Mary, and commissioned him to fight against James II in Ireland. Louis XIV sent troops to support James II. There was a painting of the Pope blessing William of Orange and his army hung in Stormont - parliament buildings in Northern Ireland - until a leading member of the Orange Lodge allegedly took exception to the fact William of Orange was commissioned by the Pope and slashed the painting and threw red paint on it. (1935 or 37?). It was taken to England to be restored and apparently still exits.

The Pope supported William as the League of Augsberg had been formed. William guaranteed religious freedom for Catholics in Ireland but reneged.

In short there was a lot of bad blood between the Pope and Louis XIV’s successors. Louis XVI inherited this legacy, and if my memory serves me right wanted to do a Henry VII with the Church in France in that it would essentially be Catholic but with him as the head and not the Pope.
It would be nice to see the sources, but I see there is something more interesting - and closer to the subject of subforum:
That depends on whether your pro monarchy or anti monarchy - pro imperialist of anti imperialist.

As the Irish were oppressed by monarchy and imperialism you can guess where I stand. That does not mean I am of the opinion the atrocities you refer to where good things, nor that the end always justifies the means.
Given this I get the impression that your argument is mostly such:
  1. Britain has oppressed Ireland. (premise)
  2. Oppressing other nations is a great evil (premise)
  3. Britain was committing a great evil. (from 1, 2)
  4. Fighting someone who is committing a great evil is good. (premise)
  5. French Revolutionaries were fighting Britain. (premise)
  6. French Revolutionaries were fighting someone that was committing a great evil. (from 3, 5)
  7. French Revolutionaries were going something good [in fighting Britain]. (from 4, 6)
  8. Someone doing something good is [somewhat? mostly?] good. (premise)
  9. French Revolutionaries were [somewhat? mostly?] good. (from 7, 8)
Would that be close to your position? I also considered a version with a path through steps “Someone committing a great evil is [somewhat? mostly?] evil.”, “Britain was [somewhat? mostly?] evil.”, “Someone fighting someone [somewhat? mostly?] evil is [somewhat? mostly?] good.”, and a version with “Britain” being replaced with “Monarchy” - maybe they would be closer to it?
Two: read the rest of my previous post. Without worldwide democracy, that is a direct consequence of the French Revolution, we would be nothing more than oppressed.
Would you like to trace the path to this “direct consequence”…?
 
One: you’re using out of context examples.
My example was of nations that had kings and did away the monarchy, yet still managed to embroil themselves in major wars. If monarchy is bad, then the absence of monarchy should be good but it didn’t turn out that way, did it?

And btw, Germany was not working well when Hitler came around. It was one of the reasons that he was able to tap into that disenchantment. Also, it was the bolshevik party who was in charge when Lenin gave the order to murder the Tzar. So, once again, post-monarchy government was certainly no better than what existed previously.
 
Given this I get the impression that your argument is mostly such:
  1. Britain has oppressed Ireland. (premise)
Yes.
  1. Oppressing other nations is a great evil (premise)
Yes
  1. Britain was committing a great evil. (from 1, 2)
Yes - Under the Penal Laws Catholic priests had a price on their head and if discovered executed.

britannica.com/event/Penal-Laws

Catholics in England were also persecuted.

ewtn.com/library/MARY/MARCLITH.HTM
  1. Fighting someone who is committing a great evil is good. (premise)
I wouldn’t use the term ‘good.’ Justifiable where the conditions of Catholic Just War Theory are met that I believe are;

"1. the damage inflicted by the aggressor on the nation or community of nations must be lasting, grave, and certain;
  1. all other means of putting an end to it must have been shown to be impractical or ineffective;
  2. there must be serious prospects of success;
  3. the use of arms must not produce evils and disorders graver than the evil to be eliminated. The power of modern means of destruction weighs very heavily in evaluating this condition" [CCC 2309].
I think it’s safe to say French Revolutionaries failed the last criteria.
  1. French Revolutionaries were fighting Britain. (premise)
Assisted nations that didn’t want to be ruled by Britain by oppressive means and contrary to their will would be more accurate.
  1. French Revolutionaries were fighting someone that was committing a great evil. (from 3, 5)
Despotic and ineffectual rule by one resistant to justified calls for reform, who was essentially a warmonger, accumulating huge national debt in the process and increasing taxes to the detriment of the people - I think that could be categorized as ‘great evil.’
  1. French Revolutionaries were going something good [in fighting Britain]. (from 4, 6)
Not ‘good’ - justified. ‘Good’ and justified are two different things. Bloody wars/revolutions cannot never be described as ‘good.’ ‘Bad’ but justified is more accurate.
  1. Someone doing something good is [somewhat? mostly?] good. (premise)
Doing something good does not necessarily make the doer good. The doing bad does not necessarily make the doer bad. Many people we would categorize as ‘bad’ have done good things. Many people we would categorize as ‘good’ have done bad things.
  1. French Revolutionaries were [somewhat? mostly?] good. (from 7, 8)
No - Revolutionaries are not generally’good.’ Neither are they necessarily bad. Justice is good and thus fighting for justice or against injustice can be categorized as a good thing, but the end does not always justify the means. Radical revolutionaries would argue it does, and when a revolution kicks off it is frequently the case they replace more moderate leaders. If the revolution is successful moderates reemerge as establishing peace and effective governance is not the average radical revolutionaries forte. Rousseau was against revolution on the ground when people emerge from a revolution they are too marred by it to establish peace and stability. I would be inclined to agree with him.
Would that be close to your position? I also considered a version with a path through steps “Someone committing a great evil is [somewhat? mostly?] evil.”, “Britain was [somewhat? mostly?] evil.”, “Someone fighting someone [somewhat? mostly?] evil is [somewhat? mostly?] good.”, and a version with “Britain” being replaced with “Monarchy” - maybe they would be closer to it?

Would you like to trace the path to this “direct consequence”…?
It is not so much a case they are evil as what they are doing is evil, though the two may go hand in hand. I would not describe Britain as ‘evil,’ I tend not to use emotive terms such as ‘evil.’ Britain did commit atrocities. They were oppressive rulers and instituted rule in Ireland and other countries and nations as a result of military conquest and for selfish gain - exploitation of people and resources to build and maintain an Imperialist Empire. The French monarchs did the same. WW1 was a direct result of Imperialist rule, power struggles between Empires in terms of domination.

No ‘Britain’ cannot be replaced with ‘Monarchy.’ I personally do not support monarchy, and have no desire to be a subject of any monarch or swear allegiance to a crown of any kind - including an Irish one.
 
Not ‘good’ - justified. ‘Good’ and justified are two different things. Bloody wars/revolutions cannot never be described as ‘good.’ ‘Bad’ but justified is more accurate.
Maybe you would like to support your position here…?
Doing something good does not necessarily make the doer good. The doing bad does not necessarily make the doer bad. Many people we would categorize as ‘bad’ have done good things. Many people we would categorize as ‘good’ have done bad things.
Yes, politicians on all sides are inevitably sinners. But I don’t get the impression that was the point you were making in this thread.
It is not so much a case they are evil as what they are doing is evil, though the two may go hand in hand. I would not describe Britain as ‘evil,’ I tend not to use emotive terms such as ‘evil.’ Britain did commit atrocities. They were oppressive rulers and instituted rule in Ireland and other countries and nations as a result of military conquest and for selfish gain - exploitation of people and resources to build and maintain an Imperialist Empire. The French monarchs did the same. WW1 was a direct result of Imperialist rule, power struggles between Empires in terms of domination.

No ‘Britain’ cannot be replaced with ‘Monarchy.’ I personally do not support monarchy, and have no desire to be a subject of any monarch or swear allegiance to a crown of any kind - including an Irish one.
I kinda hoped that you will modify that argument so that it would fit your position - of course, assuming it is sufficiently close to it…

For at the moment I am not entirely sure what your position actually is…
 
Maybe you would like to support your position here…?
To illustrate - using an extreme example:

Murder cannot be categorized as ‘good.’ The plot to kill Hitler was justified - though I concede Hitler was not an ‘innocent victim.’

Innocent victims die in war. This cannot be categorized as a ‘good’ thing, but the war itself may be a justifiable war. That said, unjustified acts or more simply ‘bad’ acts happen in justifiable wars and considered ‘war crimes.’

A method of determining ‘good’ and ‘bad’ is to categorize acts as good or bad, then consider if they are justified. The method is; good/justified, bad/unjustified, good unjustified, bad justified. The last category is the one that gives rise to serious disagreements.
Yes, politicians on all sides are inevitably sinners. But I don’t get the impression that was the point you were making in this thread.
Again using the example of Hitler, we cannot assume every individual involved in the plot to kill Hitler was a ‘good’ person. Neither can we assume they were all ‘bad.’

I kinda hoped that you will modify that argument so that it would fit your position - of course, assuming it is sufficiently close to it…
For at the moment I am not entirely sure what your position actually is…
I would subscribe to the philosophy behind the French revolution and their objectives; disestablishment of absolute monarchy and an elite ruling class, liberty equality and fraternity, the establishment of a Republic and rule by the people for the people. This does not mean I agree with how they went about it, and the reign of terror was ‘good and justified.’

I am in favour of a United Ireland - this does not mean I think the IRA’s methods of achieving this objective was ‘good and justified.’ Nor does it mean I think everyone who desires a United Ireland is a ‘good’ person, everyone who does not and desires to remain in union with Britain is a ‘bad’ person, and all ‘British’ are ‘bad’ people. I agreed with the Anglo Irish Agreement, but I did not by any stretch of the imagination think Thatcher was a ‘good’ person, and can understand why unionists were outraged by the Anglo Irish Agreement in that it was imposed and in it was ultimately a diktat. Furthermore - a dictated peace will always be fragile. Consensual peace through consultation and agreement has a greater prospect of success, and less likely to require the use of military force to maintain.

In my view the philosophy behind the French revolution and political theories that developed offered an alternative to armed insurrection and the use of violence in response to oppression and injustice - but democratic resolution is a slow process that will inevitably involve making concessions, and revolutionaries are not renown for their patience, tolerance and constraint. This does not necessarily render their objectives ‘bad,’ but where the democratic process falters or fails they can difficult to control and deaf to the promptings of moderate leaders that results in uncontrolled armed insurrection, terror and violence.

On a final note Nelson Mandela justified the use of violence to end apartheid on the ground democratic mechanisms were not available and could not be accessed. Was he right? I don’t feel I would be sufficiently qualified to answer that, but in terms of ‘good’ and ‘bad,’ I would categorize apartheid as ‘bad.’
 
(In my opinion) Not really. The Bible is plenty of war, killing and violence, often by the Hebrews’ hands - and often justufied, if not commanded, by God himself. Remember, before “becoming” the Christian All-Loving Father, he was the vengeful God of the Armies.

The greatest example of God “sponsored” rebellion? The Exodus. God Himself killed Egyptians drowning them in the Red Sea. As long as it is for the greater good (which tends to coincide with His will), God does not shy away from violence.

Jesus Himself, the prince of mercy and kindness, had his violent fits, like when He beated up the vendors in the Temple or when He cursed the fig tree…in order to fulfill His mission.

All in all, yeah: I think, within the right context, that Christians should use not so peaceful means if the greater good requires it.
So why do majority of christians strongly disagree with those folks that choose to kill abortion docs, or other violence in this regard? If any revolution or war was Just, I would think one to save lives from being murdered would definitely fit the bill…??

Just seems like there is a double standard to me on this, I hear people from my parish talking about the war on ISIS and the bombing our military does, they think its great and the more terrorists that die, the more violent, all the better…the revel in these things because the terrorists have killed innocent people, yet its TOTALLY different when it comes to someone killing over abortion, I dont get it?
 
Biblicaly speaking, isnt it wrong to resort to killing and violence, even if done for the greater good?
All in all, yeah: I think, within the right context, that Christians should use not so peaceful means if the greater good requires it.
The greater good is evil. Any act is permitted in its name. Six patients each need a different organ transplant without which they will die. The greater good says find and kill one healthy adult to harvest his organs so that the six may live. Six lives for one. For the greater good.

If religion doesn’t teach that it’s evil, children are at least taught it is from secular sources. For the Greater Good was engraved over the entrance to a prison. Built by a villain to house his opponents. In the Harry Potter books.
 
The “right” answers there seems to also be the hardest. Balance.

Yes, unfettered philosophical utilitarianism (what used to be called communism until the 20th century gave the term a particular connotation) can be indubitably evil.

I’m sure we also agree that unfettered egoism also produces enormous evil.

So I guess we need to put some “fetters” on them. 👍

This battle is as old as social species. “When do we act for the benefit of the group at cost to individuals” versus “when do we act in the benefit of individuals at cost to the group.”
 
To illustrate - using an extreme example:

Murder cannot be categorized as ‘good.’ The plot to kill Hitler was justified - though I concede Hitler was not an ‘innocent victim.’

Innocent victims die in war. This cannot be categorized as a ‘good’ thing, but the war itself may be a justifiable war. That said, unjustified acts or more simply ‘bad’ acts happen in justifiable wars and considered ‘war crimes.’

A method of determining ‘good’ and ‘bad’ is to categorize acts as good or bad, then consider if they are justified. The method is; good/justified, bad/unjustified, good unjustified, bad justified. The last category is the one that gives rise to serious disagreements.
So, in other words, you use the word “justified” where other people use “good”, the word “unjustified” where other people use “evil”. And you use words “good” and “bad” to denote, um, something…

That seems to be unnecessarily confusing. I’d recommend to use words “good” and “evil” in the way other people use them.
I would subscribe to the philosophy behind the French revolution and their objectives; disestablishment of absolute monarchy and an elite ruling class, liberty equality and fraternity, the establishment of a Republic and rule by the people for the people. This does not mean I agree with how they went about it, and the reign of terror was ‘good and justified.’
That seems to be suspiciously unspecific (one would expect Feuillants, Girondists and Montagnards to be pretty unhappy with anything close to suggestion that they shared philosophy and objectives)… At this point I wonder: how is French Revolution described in Irish textbooks…?
I am in favour of a United Ireland - this does not mean I think the IRA’s methods of achieving this objective was ‘good and justified.’ Nor does it mean I think everyone who desires a United Ireland is a ‘good’ person, everyone who does not and desires to remain in union with Britain is a ‘bad’ person, and all ‘British’ are ‘bad’ people. I agreed with the Anglo Irish Agreement, but I did not by any stretch of the imagination think Thatcher was a ‘good’ person, and can understand why unionists were outraged by the Anglo Irish Agreement in that it was imposed and in it was ultimately a diktat. Furthermore - a dictated peace will always be fragile. Consensual peace through consultation and agreement has a greater prospect of success, and less likely to require the use of military force to maintain.

In my view the philosophy behind the French revolution and political theories that developed offered an alternative to armed insurrection and the use of violence in response to oppression and injustice - but democratic resolution is a slow process that will inevitably involve making concessions, and revolutionaries are not renown for their patience, tolerance and constraint. This does not necessarily render their objectives ‘bad,’ but where the democratic process falters or fails they can difficult to control and deaf to the promptings of moderate leaders that results in uncontrolled armed insurrection, terror and violence.

On a final note Nelson Mandela justified the use of violence to end apartheid on the ground democratic mechanisms were not available and could not be accessed. Was he right? I don’t feel I would be sufficiently qualified to answer that, but in terms of ‘good’ and ‘bad,’ I would categorize apartheid as ‘bad.’
That seems to go a bit too far from the subject…
 
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