what are the differences between muslim and catholic theology?

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The dictionary has the same perception problem: “happen – to come to pass by chance; occur without apparent reason or design.”
Happen like most words has several definitions but I see you chose the one that best suits your point.

One of the other definitions which you apparently ignored is “to come into being or occur as an event, process, or result .”

Come into being as a result… which means it was caused. Again you perceived what you wanted to. Your issue, not mine.
 
Happen like most words has several definitions but I see you chose the one that best suits your point.

One of the other definitions which you apparently ignored is “to come into being or occur as an event, process, or result .”

Come into being as a result… which means it was caused. Again you perceived what you wanted to. Your issue, not mine.
I’m suppose to guess which one you meant. How do I know you didn’t mean what I thought you meant?
 
I’m suppose to guess which one you meant. How do I know you didn’t mean what I thought you meant?
Well you could start by re-reading the post in question…
It was a horrible thing that happened because of some extremists who claimed to be doing the work of their faith.
I stated the cause… you apparently stopped reading at “happened”. So again… your issue, not mine.
 
Nonsense. They were all about Christian belief. The Inquisition was about maintaining Christian orthodoxy; the Crusades were about recovering the holy site of Jerusalem, which for medieval Christians had a special relationship to the heavenly Jerusalem. The idea that either of these things were really secular actions under a thin religious garb simply doesn’t hold up under serious study.
You are free to say that the Crusaders and the Inquisitions are Christianity belief, but I don’t, in the context of this thread.

So are you going to put them in the category of differences or similarity to Islamic belief?
 
Nonsense. They were all about Christian belief. The Inquisition was about maintaining Christian orthodoxy; the Crusades were about recovering the holy site of Jerusalem, which for medieval Christians had a special relationship to the heavenly Jerusalem. The idea that either of these things were really secular actions under a thin religious garb simply doesn’t hold up under serious study.
How often do I see non-Catholics who cannot resist the temptation of jumping on these two topics (Inquisition and Crusaders) to paint them as Christian belief which of course what they mean is Catholic belief. Then we can go into what happened during both and how they gleefully picked out the things people did at that time. I can understand though how the Jew, Protestant and Muslim victims felt about the Inquisition and the abuses during the Crusades (indulgence being one of the popular examples).

Though I would never personally agree with you I wonder what it would be under ‘your serious study’.
 
You are free to say that the Crusaders and the Inquisitions are Christianity belief, but I don’t, in the context of this thread.
I have given my reasons for thinking that they are.

You have not given your reasons for thinking that they aren’t.
So are you going to put them in the category of differences or similarity to Islamic belief?
Both 🙂

Christianity and Islam are both religions which have fairly often been motivations for violence. (By this I mean that followers of both religions have engaged in violence for reasons that appear to have had a lot to do with their sincere understanding of the teachings of their religion, and with their deep emotional attachment to that religion.)

However, there are plenty of differences in how this has happened. For instance, it seems to me that:

Christianity has more resources for promoting absolute non-violence, while Islam has a lot of regulations on how violence should be conducted.

Christianity has been more prone to internal heresy-hunts (not that these have been absent from Islam), while Islam has a stronger mandate to expand the rule of Islam through the sword (again, Christians have done this too).

Muslims are more concerned with establishing the honor and dominance of Islam, while Christians have been more prone to think that their religion is insulted by the mere *existence *of unbelievers within a Christian society.

Christianity is much more susceptible of doctrines separating church from state.

Historically (this is the root of many of the differences described above), Christianity had three centuries as an apocalyptic religion without power, while Islam had to deal with issues of power and violence very early on: “Muhammad was his own Constantine.” Christians know how to deal with a situation of persecution and minority status, where Muslims seem to react with rage to anything that remotely resembles persecution. On the other hand, Muslims developed early on a doctrine explicitly calling for religious minorities to be allowed to exist (albeit under severe restrictions), where Christians’ apocalyptic mentality made them uncomfortable with any reminders that not everyone had yet accepted the rule of Christ.

All these claims may, of course, be debated!

Edwin
 
How often do I see non-Catholics who cannot resist the temptation of jumping on these two topics (Inquisition and Crusaders) to paint them as Christian belief which of course what they mean is Catholic belief.
Do not jump to that conclusion when I very carefully avoided implying any such thing. As an Anglican, I claim the pre-Reformation tradition as mine–warts and all.

In the post-Reformation era, my own Anglican tradition has been plenty violent, with the main difference being that the Church has been subservient to the State. (So we had no Inquisition, because the Inquisition was an independent Church court–well, in Spain it wasn’t exactly independent, but more so than in England!)

The Christian traditions that haven’t been violent generally haven’t had access to coercive power, though that may not be entirely fair, and of course people can’t be held accountable for what we think they might have done if they’d had the chance!
Though I would never personally agree with you I wonder what it would be under ‘your serious study’.
Not mine, but that of a number of recent “revisionist” historians in the case of the Crusades, who have pointed out that the Crusaders’ actions make no sense if they were motivated by greed (because the majority of them gave up a good deal to go on Crusade and gained very little). Admittedly, I’m biased against reductionistic claims–I assume that religious motivations are sincere unless I see good evidence to the contrary. (I find Mitch Romney’s prolife stance highly suspect, for instance, because it came just about the time he was starting to prepare for a bid for the Republican presidential nomination. And [French] Henry IV’s conversion to Catholicism seems to have been largely political. Even in those two cases, though, I wouldn’t claim that the decisions were entirely cynical.)

Why would you never agree? You’re the second person who has simply disagreed without giving a reason. I gave what I take to be the motivations in my post, so why are you asking me what I think they were?

Edwin
 
I have given my reasons for thinking that they are.

You have not given your reasons for thinking that they aren’t.
Simple! There is none in Christianity which calls for Christians to kill. The Fifth Commandment commands us not to kill.

There is none in Christianity that call for force conversion or for the fact that non-Christians to be expelled from Christian countries.
Both 🙂

Christianity and Islam are both religions which have fairly often been motivations for violence. (By this I mean that followers of both religions have engaged in violence for reasons that appear to have had a lot to do with their sincere understanding of the teachings of their religion, and with their deep emotional attachment to that religion.)

However, there are plenty of differences in how this has happened. For instance, it seems to me that:

Christianity has more resources for promoting absolute non-violence, while Islam has a lot of regulations on how violence should be conducted.

Christianity has been more prone to internal heresy-hunts (not that these have been absent from Islam), while Islam has a stronger mandate to expand the rule of Islam through the sword (again, Christians have done this too).

Muslims are more concerned with establishing the honor and dominance of Islam, while Christians have been more prone to think that their religion is insulted by the mere *existence *of unbelievers within a Christian society.

Christianity is much more susceptible of doctrines separating church from state.

Historically (this is the root of many of the differences described above), Christianity had three centuries as an apocalyptic religion without power, while Islam had to deal with issues of power and violence very early on: “Muhammad was his own Constantine.” Christians know how to deal with a situation of persecution and minority status, where Muslims seem to react with rage to anything that remotely resembles persecution. On the other hand, Muslims developed early on a doctrine explicitly calling for religious minorities to be allowed to exist (albeit under severe restrictions), where Christians’ apocalyptic mentality made them uncomfortable with any reminders that not everyone had yet accepted the rule of Christ.

All these claims may, of course, be debated!

Edwin
You have not demonstrated that the Inquisition (specifically Spanish Inquisition, since that’s what is referred here) and the Crusades are Christian belief. All that you say is more or less what I was saying – these are what Christians did. You were saying about motivation as to why they did the thing that they do.

Please show me the serious study that actually prove the two topics are indeed Christian belief.
 
Do not jump to that conclusion when I very carefully avoided implying any such thing. As an Anglican, I claim the pre-Reformation tradition as mine–warts and all.

In the post-Reformation era, my own Anglican tradition has been plenty violent, with the main difference being that the Church has been subservient to the State. (So we had no Inquisition, because the Inquisition was an independent Church court–well, in Spain it wasn’t exactly independent, but more so than in England!)

The Christian traditions that haven’t been violent generally haven’t had access to coercive power, though that may not be entirely fair, and of course people can’t be held accountable for what we think they might have done if they’d had the chance!
Please remember that you were responding to my post which responded to another poster, mdrummer5, who out of the blue brought up the issues of the Spanish Inquisition and the Crusaders as an example of religious extremism.

Since I did not bring them up, in fact I was trying to respond to this thread that asks for the differences between Muslim and Catholic theology.

What I mentioned was there is specific command in Islam that call for martyrdom (that involves to kill, not just being killed), and martyrs being rewarded in heaven. There is no such call for that in Catholicism.

So by bringing out the Spanish Inquisition and the Crusaders, this poster was saying that, yes, Catholic do has such belief. I did not agree and none that I could find in the Inquisition and the Crusaders that called for such belief except for the fact if there were, they were certainly the action of those Christians concerned.

When you jumped on this issue supporting that poster’s position, I have to take that you took his position. This in my mind is quite consistent with what non-Catholics do to us, that is – use the Inquisition and the Crusaders as Catholic belief.

Far from it – when the Inquisition was proclaimed which you were right, to maintain Christian orthodoxy, never it was meant as a purge to force non-Catholics to convert or to expel them out of the country as what happened during the course of the Inquisition.

Similarly about the Crusades, the original objective was to secure Jerusalem to make it easy access for Christian pilgrims.
Not mine, but that of a number of recent “revisionist” historians in the case of the Crusades, who have pointed out that the Crusaders’ actions make no sense if they were motivated by greed (because the majority of them gave up a good deal to go on Crusade and gained very little). Admittedly, I’m biased against reductionistic claims–I assume that religious motivations are sincere unless I see good evidence to the contrary. (I find Mitch Romney’s prolife stance highly suspect, for instance, because it came just about the time he was starting to prepare for a bid for the Republican presidential nomination. And [French] Henry IV’s conversion to Catholicism seems to have been largely political. Even in those two cases, though, I wouldn’t claim that the decisions were entirely cynical.)

Why would you never agree? You’re the second person who has simply disagreed without giving a reason. I gave what I take to be the motivations in my post, so why are you asking me what I think they were?

Edwin
Still, you have not given me that the Crusades were indeed Christian belief. You were merely agreeing with me that these were what Christians did.

The only point that you brought up in supporting this is perhaps in your first post where you said about the heavenly Jerusalem, which to me is pure nonsense, the fact that I did not even bother to address it. But you are welcome here to elaborate on it for maybe there is something that I don’t know that you may want to say.

Finally, The Inquisition spanned a period of about six hundred years and maintaining Christian orthodoxy through legislature (if that’s what you mean) can hardly be Christianity.

The Crusades took about two centuries and capturing back Jerusalem can hardly be Christian belief too.

So I would like to know what serious study that supports the contention that they were Christian belief especially in the context of this thread.
 
Simple! There is none in Christianity which calls for Christians to kill. The Fifth Commandment commands us not to kill.
The context of the OT makes it very clear that the Fifth Commandment forbids unlawful killing and not all killing. Do I really have to list for you all the places in the OT that command killing, including the killing of women and children (which is forbidden in Islamic law)?

Anyway, I gather that you are a Catholic–why are you assuming Sola Scriptura? Christianity is a lot more than Scripture.
There is none in Christianity that call for force conversion or for the fact that non-Christians to be expelled from Christian countries.
Forced conversion has been generally forbidden in Christianity and Islam. However, if you look at the records of anti-Jewish persecution, you find that this was interpreted extremely narrowly. For instance, there’s one case where a Jew took refuge in a church from a Christian mob, and was told by the church officials that the only way to gain protection was to be baptized. A court later found this not to be a case of forced conversion (because no one was actually holding a sword to his throat at the time) and upheld the validity of the baptism. I’ve read of Muslims using similar tactics to get around their injunctions against forced conversion. In at least some cases, these seem to have been motivated by genuine religious zeal–letting a Jew walk away from baptism seemed like an insult to the Faith.
You have not demonstrated that the Inquisition (specifically Spanish Inquisition, since that’s what is referred here) and the Crusades are Christian belief. All that you say is more or less what I was saying – these are what Christians did. You were saying about motivation as to why they did the thing that they do.
Please show me the serious study that actually prove the two topics are indeed Christian belief.
We’re talking past each other. You are speaking of “official belief.” I mean “things Christians did on the basis of their belief.”

Still, even just talking about official beliefs:

The Pope explicitly called for the First Crusade citing Scripture. That looks like belief to me.

The Catholic Church repeatedly condemned people who said that heretics should not be handed over to the secular arm for punishment. That looks like belief to me.

Edwin
 
The context of the OT makes it very clear that the Fifth Commandment forbids unlawful killing and not all killing. Do I really have to list for you all the places in the OT that command killing, including the killing of women and children (which is forbidden in Islamic law)?
You are out of topic. I maintain that there is no killing commandment in Christianity. You have to find out why, which I am sure you know; you are not exactly ignorant about this.

(It is too disappointing to hear from a Christian that just because there is killing in the OT, that this must be Christian belief).
Anyway, I gather that you are a Catholic–why are you assuming Sola Scriptura? Christianity is a lot more than Scripture.
Another nonsensical and irrelevant comment - I don’t assume Sola Scriptural and I cannot imagine in all things under the earth why you should go saying this. You are not as smart as I thought.
Forced conversion has been generally forbidden in Christianity and Islam. However, if you look at the records of anti-Jewish persecution, you find that this was interpreted extremely narrowly. For instance, there’s one case where a Jew took refuge in a church from a Christian mob, and was told by the church officials that the only way to gain protection was to be baptized. A court later found this not to be a case of forced conversion (because no one was actually holding a sword to his throat at the time) and upheld the validity of the baptism. I’ve read of Muslims using similar tactics to get around their injunctions against forced conversion. In at least some cases, these seem to have been motivated by genuine religious zeal–letting a Jew walk away from baptism seemed like an insult to the Faith.
I did not say there is force conversion in Islam as their belief. Your problem is, you came in the middle of nowhere here, without reading the context of the thread. Me saying that the Inquisition and Crusades being not Christian belief was too tempting for you not to let go; thus the only reason you butt in. Now please get into the proper perspective!

What has this got to do with Christian belief since we believe it is wrong to force people to convert.
We’re talking past each other. You are speaking of “official belief.” I mean “things Christians did on the basis of their belief.”
Goodness, of course I am speaking about official belief. What else do you think I am doing here? I have repeated that and hopefully that’s utterly clear for you.
Still, even just talking about official beliefs:

The Pope explicitly called for the First Crusade citing Scripture. That looks like belief to me.

The Catholic Church repeatedly condemned people who said that heretics should not be handed over to the secular arm for punishment. That looks like belief to me.

Edwin
What if I say to you that even the Pope could be wrong? We know what happened then, there was abuse and there were things done that should not be.

We can do lots of things by citing scripture and that does not make it a belief per se. You are again using the Protestant card here even if you don’t realize it.

Again before you are getting too carried away, I want to remind you again on what’s being argued here.

There is no command in Christianity to kill or for force conversion as is implied in the Crusades and the Inquisition as the Christian’s version of Islam’s command for martyrdom.
 
Hi,
May I humbly suggest a visit to:

citizenwarrior.com/

whose tagline is:
"There are many ways to wage jihad. All of them must be stopped — without racism or hatred. "

II’m not an expert and have not vetted all the information offered by this site. Perhaps someone with more experience could do so and let us know here on this thread.

In the meantime I offer it for your perusal.

Mrs. Beth
 
Hi,
May I humbly suggest a visit to:

citizenwarrior.com/

whose tagline is:
"There are many ways to wage jihad. All of them must be stopped — without racism or hatred. "

II’m not an expert and have not vetted all the information offered by this site. Perhaps someone with more experience could do so and let us know here on this thread.

In the meantime I offer it for your perusal.

Mrs. Beth
Thank Mrs. Beth. Welcome to the Forum. 🙂

Jihad is probably another topic and no doubt much can be said about it. I think it is not the scope of this thread which deals generally about theology of Islam and Catholic respectively. That’s is why I take exception on the argument line of Contarini which tends to deal more with what the followers of the said religions do - there are whole lots of difference between the two.

Holy Scriptures, be it the Bible or the Quran can be interpreted in many number of ways but suffice to say that the relevant teachings should be found in them (or even Tradition if it is Catholicism) for them to be constituted as belief. Then again, what would the official teaching of the religion says?

I just wish to be fair to both at this stage and I thought I had done that.
 
You are out of topic. I maintain that there is no killing commandment in Christianity.
But that’s not originally what you said. You said that it wasn’t Christian belief.
(It is too disappointing to hear from a Christian that just because there is killing in the OT, that this must be Christian belief).
I brought up the OT because you did–you said that the Fifth Commandment forbade all killing, which is contrary not only to the OT context but to traditional Christian interpretation.

I would have brought it up anyway, though, because Christians historically have seen the OT as relevant to this issue. One principal reason most Christians have not been pacifists is that the OT commands killing.
Another nonsensical and irrelevant comment - I don’t assume Sola Scriptural and I cannot imagine in all things under the earth why you should go saying this.
Because you immediately leap from the question of whether something is Christian belief to the question of whether it is commanded in Scripture. The Inquisition and the Crusades were the result of Christian belief. Of course Christians were interpreting Scripture to come up with these beliefs, but their beliefs were not based on a simple command from Scripture.
What has this got to do with Christian belief since we believe it is wrong to force people to convert.
My point is that while this is technically true, the definition of “forced conversion” at work historically has been extremely narrow, and has left room for a good deal of coercion.
Goodness, of course I am speaking about official belief. What else do you think I am doing here? I have repeated that and hopefully that’s utterly clear for you.
I think it’s misleading to say “belief” when you mean “official belief.” Official belief is just the tip of the iceberg, and we can argue endlessly about what counts or not as an “official belief.” It’s far too easy for us to look back and say, “well, they may have thought that the Faith required it, but we can now see that Scripture, Church documents, etc., can be interpreted otherwise, so we won’t count that belief as ‘official.’”

Yet the unpleasant fact remains that Christians once thought that the Christian Faith *did *require them to wage holy wars and persecute heretics. It wasn’t just something “Christians did” in spite of or without regard to their beliefs. It was something they did *because of *their beliefs.

If you want to play games with what is or is not an “official belief,” you have to let Muslims play the same games. That’s only fair.
What if I say to you that even the Pope could be wrong? We know what happened then, there was abuse and there were things done that should not be.
Again, that’s not the point. The point is that it was a matter of belief at the time, right or wrong.
There is no command in Christianity to kill or for force conversion as is implied in the Crusades and the Inquisition as the Christian’s version of Islam’s command for martyrdom.

You can only say this by saying that the OT is not part of Christianity. That is not a historic, orthodox Christian position. Now it’s quite possible to say that those commands are not binding on Christians–that’s different. They are, however, right there in the Christian Scriptures, and Christians have historically been influenced by them in considering questions of when and whether it is right to kill.

Edwin
 
Contarini, I will not address your post because now it has deviated very far away from what I was talking about. You can start all over again if you want to and this is what the issue is:
Reuben J:
Not only that, your Allah seems to reward Muslims who kill and die for the cause of Islam with virgins and wine in heaven.
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elwill:
i want clear answer please , do you believe that allah encourage muslims to be killers ?
I did not answer this post because I only said Allah rewards those who kill and die for the cause of Islam NOT for Muslim simply to kill for the sake of killing. So that post was a misrepresentation of what I said and I decided to ignore it.

Then this poster, mdrummer5, came in which perhaps out of ignorance OR he was trying to inflame the discussion, he said this:
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mdrummer5:
Two things… The Crusades and the Spanish Inquisition.
I can only assume that this comment is somewhat directed at the subject of 9/11… which indeed sucked. It was a horrible thing that happened because of some extremists who claimed to be doing the work of their faith. Sadly general thought (especially in America) leads to “well… they’re obviously ALL like that”.

People tend to fear what they do not understand but also fail to understand why they fear it. If they would only realize it’s a lack of education and choose to educate themselves objectively such fear may cease to exist.
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mdrummer5:
In fact when one of the few Muslims on this board asked you if you truly believe that Allah will reward him for killing and dying for the cause of Islam you failed to answer. Is it because the answer is yes and you can’t explain why you believe that?
I explained to him (not to elwill).
Reuben J:
The Qur’an mentions that those who fight in the way of Allah and get killed will be given a great reward:

Let those (believers) Who sell the life of this world for the hereafter fight in the cause of Allah and whoso fights in the cause of Allah, - and is slain or gets victory, We shall bestow on him a great reward. Quran 4:74

With due fairness to Islam, the concept of martyrdom in Jihad as the means for establishing the truth, may lead to martyrdom, but does not necessarily lead to being killed for it in the battlefield, although it necessarily involves the continuous Holy Struggle, and death in the cause of the struggle.

There are many verses on what to expect in Islamic paradise from the Quran and Hadith. I give you a rather mild one here.

Allah’s Apostle (The blessing and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “In Paradise there is a pavilion made of a single hollow pearl sixty miles wide, in each corner of which there are wives who will not see those in the other corners; and the believers will visit and enjoy them.” Sahih Bukhari 6:60:402

At least one Qur’anic commentator on record elaborated graphically on the sensual pleasures.
I have summarized to you what has taken place but I SUGGEST YOU READ THE WHOLE THREAD AGAIN AND TO UNDERSTAND THE CONTEXT OF THIS THREAD.

This thread is about the differences in Islam and Catholic theology. I had given **a list **which I thought were the differences.

As for **the Inquisition **and the Crusades, I saw them in the context of what **mdrummer5 **said, he was referring to the **religious extremism **that Christians did during those times. Thus I would not include the Inquisition and the Crusade as Christian theology. Basically to me they were political actions carried out by the ruling monarch or the Popes those times, remembering that the Popes were also in a way political figures, much more than they are today.

I have not stated my stance on the Inquisition and the Crusade except to say that they are not Christian theology (or belief, as the word that is being interchangeably used here). These subjects are on their own and another thread will do justice to it.
Conatrini:
If you want to play games with what is or is not an “official belief,” you have to let Muslims play the same games. That’s only fair.
I think this is a game that two can play and I thought I and elwill played it well. There is an unwritten understanding that we know what we were talking about, **me and elwill **having crossed path many times in this Forum, in fact the exchanging here seems a reminiscence to what heave been argued before, so that’s why you see the line of exchanges between us is as what it is.

There is no problem for me to explain if it is asked in a straightforward manner.

As for the OT ‘thou shalt not kill’, well **you are entitled **to your belief since you are not Catholic. For me it is simple, there is no command to kill in Christianity because Jesus says to love your enemy and to turn the other cheek. There is no one line that says for us to kill, not even if they are our enemies. We did not follow the laws of the OT (except for moral laws) because of Jesus. He makes the difference. And I guess this is our difference too.
 
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