What "Distrubutism" Really Is

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Reggie:

Let’s make some sense here: there are 6.0 million “big” businesses, under the aegis of the US government. (And, there are 21.5 million small businesses.) So, you are saying all of the “big” businesses are “evil,” or, are spreading “evil?” All 6.0 million of them? Or, could we include the 21.5 million small businesses, too. Or, are you saying that at some time or other, all of the 6 million “big” businesses have at one, or more, points in their durations, spread “evil” around the world?

I’m confused. :confused:

God bless,
jd
JD – please don’t take one of my posts as being the total of what I have been saying on this thread. It’s a cumulative argument. It’s also at the philosophical level.

So, it wouldn’t be right to move from the philosophical view to the particular view.
In other words, there are theories and principles. Then there is the specific application.

… its like when we talk about the problems with atheism and someone says “I never met an atheist who says that!” 🙂

I’m referring to “unbridled Capitalism” – which is condemned in Pope Leo’s document and also Pope John Paul II’s reflection on it.

The best argument we’ve got so far is that “unbridled capitalism doesn’t exist and never has existed”.

So, as usual, the Holy See is condemning some phantom ideas. 🙂

A better idea … look at the discussion between ishii, MOM and myself in previous posts and you’ll get a better idea.
 
JD – please don’t take one of my posts as being the total of what I have been saying on this thread. It’s a cumulative argument. It’s also at the philosophical level.

So, it wouldn’t be right to move from the philosophical view to the particular view.
In other words, there are theories and principles. Then there is the specific application.

… its like when we talk about the problems with atheism and someone says “I never met an atheist who says that!” 🙂

I’m referring to “unbridled Capitalism” – which is condemned in Pope Leo’s document and also Pope John Paul II’s reflection on it.

The best argument we’ve got so far is that “unbridled capitalism doesn’t exist and never has existed”.

So, as usual, the Holy See is condemning some phantom ideas. 🙂

A better idea … look at the discussion between ishii, MOM and myself in previous posts and you’ll get a better idea.
Reggie:

Sorry. I will read some of the previous posts. I am always intrigued by people who blatantly condemn Capitalism and Big Business because they’ve bought someone’s line. Young people are particularly prone to doing this.

The point I was making is that a corporation is nothing more than a set of relatively standard corporate legal documents. There are a few - mind you, a very few - people, who are involved in some corporation or other, who are “evil.” These people may be nothing more than employees. Most capitalistic corporations, in my opinion, are great organizations overall. That’s all.

God bless,
jd
 
Reggie:

Sorry. I will read some of the previous posts. I am always intrigued by people who blatantly condemn Capitalism and Big Business because they’ve bought someone’s line. Young people are particularly prone to doing this.

The point I was making is that a corporation is nothing more than a set of relatively standard corporate legal documents. There are a few - mind you, a very few - people, who are involved in some corporation or other, who are “evil.” These people may be nothing more than employees. Most capitalistic corporations, in my opinion, are great organizations overall. That’s all.

God bless,
jd
I fully agree and I also hope nobody in the discussion is condemning all businesses and the people who work there.
 
I fully agree and I also hope nobody in the discussion is condemning all businesses and the people who work there.
Whew! You had me scared, for a moment! :eek:

Tell me, how do you think a partially Capitalistic - partially socialistic society, like ours, could integrate Distributism into it.

God bless,
jd
 
reggieM
“unbridled Capitalism” – which is condemned in Pope Leo’s document
Another falsehood, yet again.
Pope Leo XIII referred to the minds and actions of those people described as “the inhumanity of employers and the unbridled greed of competitors” (Rerum Novarum, # 6).

A famous text of Leo XIII defended Capitalism, and stated that both capital and labor have the right to exist in a Catholic society. In Rerum Novarum he preached harmony between capital and labor rather than condemning Capitalism.
traditioninaction.org/HotTopics/j008htDistributism_Encyclicals_Odou.htm
After defending the right of private property against the attacks of the Socialists, Leo XIII emphatically affirmed:
“The great mistake made in regard to the matter under consideration is to take up with the notion that class is naturally hostile to class, and that the wealthy and the working men are intended by nature to live in mutual conflict. So irrational and false is this view that the direct contrary is the truth. Just as the symmetry of the human frame is the result of the suitable arrangement of the different parts of the body, so in a State is it ordained by nature that these two classes should dwell in harmony and agreement, so as to maintain the balance of the body politic. Each needs the other: capital cannot do without labor, nor labor without capital. Mutual agreement results in the beauty of good order, while perpetual conflict necessarily produces confusion and savage barbarity.

“Now, in preventing such strife as this, and in uprooting it, the efficacy of Christian institutions is marvelous and manifold. First of all, there is no intermediary more powerful than religion – whereof the Church is the interpreter and guardian – in drawing the rich and the working class together, by reminding each of its duties to the other” (n. 19).

Continuing the development in social teaching, especially from John Paul II, Pope Benedict XVI teaches:
“Society does not have to protect itself from the market, as if the development of the latter were ipso facto to entail the death of authentically human relations…Therefore it is not the instrument that must be called to account, but individuals, their moral conscience and their personal and social responsibility.” (Caritas et Veritate, Benedict XVI, 2009, #36).
 
Whew! You had me scared, for a moment! :eek:

Tell me, how do you think a partially Capitalistic - partially socialistic society, like ours, could integrate Distributism into it.

God bless,
jd
If you check the Wikipedia article on Distributism, you’ll see that some ideas have already been successfully integrated.

But you’re taking the right view on this also – our economic culture has a mixture of influences. The problem occurs when we tend too strongly one way (towards unbridled capitalism) or the other (towards pure socialism).

Distributism offers some ideas which are necessary correctives to both socialism and capitalism.
 
We do need bigger businesses (not monopolies) in many fields. If big businesses are more successful, then more people can be employed. If bigger businesses become more successful by allowing more worker ownership, profit sharing, and decision making about the future of the company – then that will help.
Don’t forget: “profit sharing” is not “ownership.” In general, beyond a certain point, profit retained by a corporation merely suffers greater taxation. So, those companies whose profits exceed the normal 5% to 10% will have to give up most of the overage anyway. That’s when profit sharing makes sense.

But, most corporations do not earn in excess of 10% profits. So, they a living very close to the bone, so to speak. A minor tremor can cause an earthquake, in the business. Then, all of the good employees will be set adrift without a raft.

To me, business can be explained by this allegory: a raft out on an ocean, where the only person(s) treading water, are the owners. Employees are safe and dry, on top of the raft. If the raft springs a leak, the owner goes down with it, while the employees can jump to safety on the next passing raft. IOW, the owners of corporations assume and are saddled with all of the risk - financially and legally. Usually for good reason. Usually, they have a better understanding and focus on their overall market and the economy.
It won’t solve everything. But also, the Chesterton-Belloc model was built on two things (among others) that might have worked in the past, but are not as sensible now:
  1. An agricultural economy. That would give everybody the chance to be farmers (productive property). But we don’t need only farmers and it also takes too much land. Small industries can employ a lot of people instead.
  1. Control of land by a few (leftovers of European aristocracy). That’s changed now also because people can buy land. But I don’t think land is the problem. It’s having more smaller businesses. It’s also not having people replaced by machines. Automation puts a lot of people out of work – and what good is that? If machines take our jobs, then we’re slaves to the machines (and to the machine-owners).
If a company cannot automate here, but, its competitor, in another country, can then the domestic business is history. A business, particularly with stockholders, is required to act in the fiducial best interests of the corporation and its stockholders. Stockholders are owners. Unfortunately, while some dreams are enchanting, they may not be practicable.
The government could mandate that some businesses would not be permitted to automate labor. Non-competitive? Well, maybe not. If it was something produced by a local economy, for example, then that would be the only source for it. Like local beer manufacturers not being allowed to computerize – thus having to hire more people (and that product couldn’t be duplicated elsewhere).
Interesting. Microbreweries are minor examples of distributism. The only problem with this model is, if there were microbreweries on every block, no one would make any money and many people would be drunk, to some degree or another. 😃
The only way the bosses would agree is if they realize that they’re not as successful (employees are not as productive) if they don’t share profit.
I’m not so sure about this. Obviously, a fairly paid employee, in general, will be more productive.
Yes, I agree that State incentive would help also.
Which “State?” The American government? :eek:
No, but as we know – the same kinds of people who cause problems in big business are the kinds of people running governments also today.
Actually, most governmental in-charges are ex-lawyers, who couldn’t cut it in private practice! 😃

God bless,
jd
 
Yes, I think it’s a development of distributism. I’ve heard of other European companies doing this same kind of thing, where the employees actually own the company together and they invest profits in trying to hire more people.
We have many employee-owned businesses in the US. There’s a very large supermarket chain, in the South, that is employee-owned. It is imperative that a business that is owned by its employees be the right kind of business. Groceries are one of those “right kind” of businesses.
One thing that I think goes against Catholic teaching is where the Executive Officers of big companies make enormous salaries, while many people are left out of work.
Typically, this happens usually where a business has faltered and the board of directors is struggling to keep the business alive. I know; it seems strange, but, a top-flight executive is going to get what he/she demands. Or else, he/she will simply go elsewhere. There have been many businesses that have simply gone broker because it couldn’t afford the super-salary demanded by a top-notch leader.

God bless,
jd
 
I’m not arguing for unfettered government either – and Distributist ideas are directed against that kind of thing. Even a democractic government can be influenced so much by the market that it’s basically unrestrained in that way also.

Well, fine, but I noticed that you were lumping unfettered business and unfettered government together as the two were morally equivalent. I was pointing out that millions have suffered at the hands of socialist government, whereas, no where near as many have suffered at the hands of a free market capitalist based country.

It’s a question of degree and also of an ideology. There are many who claim that the overriding principle that we should follow is “less government” and a “more unrestricted market”. They establish those as ideals – as if they are solutions.

I believe the past history of the 20th century tells me to be very wary of government. It doesn’t tell me to be wary of capitalism or the free market to the degree that you and MOM seem to do. Forget about the “ideals” or absolutes. Just regular, garden variety socialism in practice has been very bad for people. The same can’t be said for capitalism.

So, when a decision comes up … should government invest in training workers?
This supposed principle would guide the solution. “No, government should stay out of the market”.

Yes. I would agree with the principle that says we should go with free market solutions whenever possible over government solutions because the track record of government solutions is very dismal. In the case of “training workers” I would say that government should give tax breaks to businesses that help workers get trained. I see no reason to opt for government as the first solution to a problem because government doesn’t work as effectively as the market, imo.

Ok, but what is their ideal and where do they draw the line? You used the term “common sense” and I agree. But that term doesn’t fit the rule of “less government is always better”. Common sense sees a bigger picture than just “making profit”.

Maybe the problem with capitalism is not the system so much as the values of those operating within the system. In capitalism, people are allowed to be cutthroat, hurt others at times, seek short term gain over long term gain, cut benefits, etc. On the other hand, you can get capitalists who have good values who see the “big picture” who understand its about profits of course (to keep the business going) but also about treating people fairly, giving good benefits, etc. As I mentioned, I work for a big business that is enlightened in this way. But in capitalism, not being enlightened, or being greedy and selfish is allowed. I don’t see how we can have a system that outlaws greed and short-sightedness, while at the same time allows people to make their own decisions. As William F. Buckley said, "the problem with capitalism is capitalists. The problem with socialism is socialism. See the difference? So I guess the challenge is to promote catholic values in our society - I would take a capitalist society in which Catholics were making decisions while considering their CAtholic values, over a socialist system in which Catholics were making the decisions.

Distributism doesn’t take the side of government over private enterprise. In fact, it looks for more diverse, smaller private enterprise than what we have with monopoly control of business (and huge, global corporations).
So, there’s not much difference between government control and the control of society by monopoly corporations.

Maybe not, but with government I have no choice but to do what they say, as they have an army. With corporate control, do I not have the choice to not buy their product?

Let’s consider that business supports the murder by the government. Business makes a lot of money on the weapons. There’s a huge business interest in the Iraq/Afghanastan war for example.

We have also, the abortion industry - right? That’s an example of what is available in a more-unrestricted Free Market. Our communities cannot forbid abortion clinics unless new legislation is written to make them illegal (and thus restrict the Free Market).

Yes, a perfect example of unfettered government - in this case, a branch of the government, the supreme court.

So, with the Free Market, anything that is legal is permitted.

Yes. We can work within a democratic system to change the laws we don’t agree with.

Another good example is recently Amazon.com has been selling pro-pedophile books on-line. That is totally legal.

Yes, and Amazon was shamed into taking the book off their shelves and stopped selling it, do to pressure from society - their customers! Imagine, government didn’t even have to get involved.

Actually, the American Free Market spreads a lot of evil around the world and that causes damage to people, communities, culture and the faith of millions.
We base our belief on “Freedom of Speech” – which is similar to ideas on unrestricted Free Market.
Examples of how the American free market spreads evil around the world and caused damage?

Ishii
 
Again I never said anything about what businesses are doing; i was talking about the potential evils big business can do if the government doesn’t step in and regulate the market toward the common good, its proper end, given the example that i made. That’s the second time you taken what i have said out of its obvious context.

What do base the “potential evils of big business” on? Can you give examples of evil big business? For every one you give, I can give you a much bigger example of the evil of big government. I wasn’t taking you out of context at all, I was merely asking what you base you wild claims of the “millions of murders” for the sake of big business. Shouldn’t your hypotheticals be atleast party based on reality?

I guess in your sweet world its not possible that some of the wars, evils, and tragedies of our history, have been funded by big business or was at least in some way motivated or coerced by market monopoly. Are you really that naive? I am not going to argue with you.

Yes, well I can see by the tone of your comments that you have a very big hatred for big business. Give me examples of this “evil” big business you’re talking about. And please, no Oliver Stone conpiracy theories.

It seems that the mere hint of the idea of taking sainthood away from the corporate state causes you to pounce in its defense. Its like you have been programed. Maybe its you that is not willing to be open minded.

I am not going to go in to a debate about it, but i think you should look at what reggie is saying.

Ha. Now you’re engaging in ad hominem attacks. Instead of answering my points you decide to hurl insults. Then you say “you’re not going to debate”. I don’t think you’ve been doing much debating.

Ishii
 
This is an excellent review of Joseph Pearce’s book with a good explanation of what Distributism is.

distributistreview.com/mag/2010/08/small-is-still-beautiful/

Its saying that the options are not just Big Government or Big Business. With that, eventually we get both Big Government and Business with too much control and many negative consequences.

Business and Govenment need to look at other principles rather than just economic profit and control – or the idea that “progress” is always measured in terms of revenue and profit.

ishii and JD – I will reply later when I get more time.
 
Another falsehood, yet again.
Pope Leo XIII referred to the minds and actions of those people described as “the inhumanity of employers and the unbridled greed of competitors” (Rerum Novarum, # 6).

A famous text of Leo XIII defended Capitalism, and stated that both capital and labor have the right to exist in a Catholic society. In Rerum Novarum he preached harmony between capital and labor rather than condemning Capitalism.
traditioninaction.org/HotTopics/j008htDistributism_Encyclicals_Odou.htm
After defending the right of private property against the attacks of the Socialists, Leo XIII emphatically affirmed:
“The great mistake made in regard to the matter under consideration is to take up with the notion that class is naturally hostile to class, and that the wealthy and the working men are intended by nature to live in mutual conflict. So irrational and false is this view that the direct contrary is the truth. Just as the symmetry of the human frame is the result of the suitable arrangement of the different parts of the body, so in a State is it ordained by nature that these two classes should dwell in harmony and agreement, so as to maintain the balance of the body politic. Each needs the other: capital cannot do without labor, nor labor without capital. Mutual agreement results in the beauty of good order, while perpetual conflict necessarily produces confusion and savage barbarity.

“Now, in preventing such strife as this, and in uprooting it, the efficacy of Christian institutions is marvelous and manifold. First of all, there is no intermediary more powerful than religion – whereof the Church is the interpreter and guardian – in drawing the rich and the working class together, by reminding each of its duties to the other” (n. 19).

Continuing the development in social teaching, especially from John Paul II, Pope Benedict XVI teaches:
“Society does not have to protect itself from the market, as if the development of the latter were ipso facto to entail the death of authentically human relations…Therefore it is not the instrument that must be called to account, but individuals, their moral conscience and their personal and social responsibility.” (Caritas et Veritate, Benedict XVI, 2009, #36).
Abu:

I must agree with you and the Vatican. I know of very few instances of what could remotely be called, “unbridled capitalism.” Such instances are where certain uncharitable people have taken advantage of those who have been through a natural disaster, for example. The State of Florida has passed laws to punish those who would take unfair advantage of victims of hurricanes. Overcharging for water is not “corporate crime” by any means. As I said, the association with capitalism here, is remote.

Usually, it boils down to certain, criminal-minded people. They get caught typically because they try to conceal their nefarious activities from others. However, when they find that they can’t pull it off by themselves, they conspire with others. Many times, those “others” are not fully of the same mind as the instigator.

There have been others. A minute few who have illegally dumped contaminants into otherwise usable waters, or, the ground. Leave it to Hollywood to trump it up from a mole hill to a mountain. Young people are thereby swept up in the horror of such a thing and without clearly thinking, attribute such malevolent behaviors to all big businesses.

The term is more often than not hideously misused.

God bless,
jd
 
JDaniel
The term [Capitalism] is more often than not hideously misused.
Agreed. Here is a helpful understanding of reality:
blog.acton.org/archives/18505-distributism-is-not-free-market.html
Kishore Jayabalan:
“Capitalism is not the best term to describe the free-market economy for a number of reasons, one of which is that it implies some sort of permanent conflict between capital and labor, or capitalists and workers that need not exist and is anti-Christian in its origins and consequences.

“For this reason, John Paul II wrote in Centesimus Annus n. 42 that terms such as “business economy”, “market economy” and “free economy” are preferable to “capitalism” so long as the reality described includes a strong moral and ethical culture and the rule of law. This seems to me what JPII meant by ethical capitalism, though there is much more than can be said about the types of laws and culture that define it. Once again, the Church does not propose, let alone impose, a single model as best.”

Further, as so often implied on this thread, “capitalism” is used as a whipping boy for merely following Karl Marx and his class prejudices. He invented the use of the word “capitalism” to mean a despised exploitation of “workers”, because he wanted to gain power and control everything including the “workers”.
 
Agreed. Here is a helpful understanding of reality:
blog.acton.org/archives/18505-distributism-is-not-free-market.html
Kishore Jayabalan:
“Capitalism is not the best term to describe the free-market economy for a number of reasons, one of which is that it implies some sort of permanent conflict between capital and labor, or capitalists and workers that need not exist and is anti-Christian in its origins and consequences.

“For this reason, John Paul II wrote in Centesimus Annus n. 42 that terms such as “business economy”, “market economy” and “free economy” are preferable to “capitalism” so long as the reality described includes a strong moral and ethical culture and the rule of law. This seems to me what JPII meant by ethical capitalism, though there is much more than can be said about the types of laws and culture that define it. Once again, the Church does not propose, let alone impose, a single model as best.”

Further, as so often implied on this thread, “capitalism” is used as a whipping boy for merely following Karl Marx and his class prejudices. He invented the use of the word “capitalism” to mean a despised exploitation of “workers”, because he wanted to gain power and control everything including the “workers”.
Yes. Excellent points.

God bless,
jd
 
The Wikipedia article on Distributism is pretty good - it gives an overview and rightly credits Distributism with anti-Trust legislation which limited what monopolies could do

A great, recent book that I think you’d enjoy is “Small is Still Beautiful” by Joseph Pearce. This gives a lot of practical ideas on how Distribution contributes (he gives an example of independent micro-breweries, similar to your example).

.
Read both the wiki article and a review of the book by Joseph Pearce, “Small is Beautiful” by a guy named Thomas Storck. The wiki article was a good introduction. There are distributist ideas at work behind anti-trust efforts by the progressives in the early 1900’s, and later. Didn’t know that Dorothy Day was associated with Distributism, which I thought was interesting. Chesterton and Belloc were against British imperialism (2nd Boer war in Africa), but supported Britain’s role in WW1. Dorothy Day distributists were strict pacifists. So its unclear whether distributism natually results in a pacifist foreign policy. If I had to guess, distributism, being naturally of, by and for, smaller businesses, smaller units, guilds, etc. would be against an interventionist foreign policy. They would probably be for opposing communism, but would not want a permanent, huge standing army and troops deployed abroad indefinitely. I am always interested in the foreign policy implications of different social and economic schools of thought.

The book review focussed a lot on the perils of capitalism - materialism, outsourcing, etc. the “walmartization” of our society, where bigger, cheaper and more is the dominant social ethic. Naturally there is a theological component to this, as many protestant, calvinist rooted modern “health and wealth” churches seem to be so popular and help maintain the idea that amassing great material wealth is a sign of God’s grace. The book review site seems to focus more on the evils of corporate capitalism rather than on socialism.

I’m not sure of how workable or realistic distributism is (how could small guilds somehow research and develop, for example, the jet airplane, or the apollo mission?) . Is it possible to have distributist elements within a mixed economy - that is, an economy with both statist elements and large, corporate elements within it? There is lots to admire about the goals of distributism - such as the desire to have a system that better reflects Catholic social teaching. However, I am not sold on the workability of it. How would this be administrated, and by what authority would the govt. say to individuals that they own too much, and who would decide that? Perhaps elements of distributism could come about voluntarily by like minded individuals who both distrust government and big business. I would rather buy from a small shop that gives good service and has quality goods than buy from Walmart (if I have the money to make that choice). I find myself at odds with many of the products of our current system: Walmart, shopping malls, subdivisions, Mcmansions, most chain stores, chicken nuggets. Miller beer. I am naturally sympathetic to the aims of distributists, but I have no idea how such a system would be implemented and worked out.

Here is an article you might find interesting:

npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5256754

Ishii
 
True, they’re not a guarantee of good government. But they at least limit the influence of one party or leader. That would be different with a corporation, for example, that used influence to pollute a national resource. The only way to get rid of the leadership of that company is to boycott the products, and even that might not work.

The point here is that government and business have to work together. It shouldn’t be a war between the two. But both have different desires for power and that causes conflict.

I fully agree that the community should watch out for both government and business.
Because neither of them has, in themselves, the standard that we should live by.

Many people use these false standards as their way of life, or cultural ideal.

“I want government control on everything, that’s the best thing for society”.
“I want unrestricted Free Enterprise, that’s the most important thing”.

Those are both empty ideas in themselves. Both the market and government need to be directed to higher values. Human society and life is not reducible to just making profit or controlling people by govenment.

Those are not the only two options – and that’s why Distributism is important.

Notice, in the discussion on Distributism, people take sides between Capitalism and Socialism.

But we already explained that our society has a mixture of business and government. Wise decisions will recognize the value and importance of both aspects – not pushing for one to win out against the other.
Agreed on all points. I am not advocating for unrestricted free enterprise; however, for the reasons I stated above, I would rather err by allowing business too much freedom than by allowing government too much authority.

Peace,
Dante
 
Since savings are the lifeblood of investment which is the warp and woof of free enterprise, such puerile confusion helps no one.

Like every vice you can think of, the vice of living above your means is overcome by a virtue – in this case the virtue of thrift; add prudence and temperance. There are several good computer interfaces and the idea that MS Windows has no competitors is another red herring example.

When the time and effort is taken to understand how senseless government economic intervention has created booms which have to be followed by busts such as the 1930’s and this one, prolonged by senseless stimuli, while the 1920’s were spared meltdowns, sanity may prevail.

Here is a very interesting article debunking the Welfare State, and concluding that if market economies based upon the protection of private property and driven by competition and technological innovation tend to reduce the cost of goods and services over time, then surely none will benefit more than the poor. British philosopher John Locke is featured.
In fact this is what free market economies do.

insidecatholic.com/feature/how-john-locke-influenced-catholic-social-teaching.html
**How John Locke Influenced Catholic Social Teaching **, Joe Hargrave, Nov 5, 2010.
“I once believed that Pope Leo XIII’s social encyclicals, if they did not call for a welfare state, could at least be read in such a way to justify that principle. Rereading Rerum Novarum in the light of Locke’s influence, however, it is not possible to sustain this interpretation. On a deeper level, it is clear that Locke and Leo were ultimately dealing with the same issue: setting the boundaries on the scope of government’s legitimate role via natural rights. This was also the issue that was addressed in the Declaration of Independence. It is by the doctrine of natural rights that men preserve both their dignity and security in society, for not only do these rights exist independently of the state, never to be abrogated by it, but the very reason the state exists is to defend them (RN, 51). That Leo would ultimately approve of this Lockean argument is unsurprising, given that he was addressing the claims of socialists and communists who would abolish private property and establish totalitarian regimes that recognize few if any boundaries between the citizen and the state."
Thing is, I’ve heard horrendous things about healthcare in teh US, from both citizens and visitors, so it doesn’t sound like, if this model is supposed to work, it’s what you have over there.

Used a Commodore Amiga recently? Or a Betamax?

The problem with format, such as microsoft formats, is that actually when you reach a certain level of ubiquity, it makes no financial sense for anybody to produce for any formats but the central one. I remember the state of play in the 80’s and 90’s, where a vast number of computers existed. Many were blatantly technically superior to the microsoft dominated PC - but they all died out. Why? Because businessmen were successfully sold PCs, it became the office standard. Because it became the office standard, somehow it became the standard for games as well (which sounds like early business users just sat round playing games all day!), in short order, all competition died out, data became centralised around the main operating system providers, Microsoft… who endlessly complicate their formats to make if decreasingly adaptable universally (remember RTF?)

No-one can genuinely compete with microsoft, not least because everyone is trained to use microsoft. Officially. In the EU, we even have ECDL, European Computer ‘driving licenses’ - all based around Microsoft product.

And here in the UK, £1 out of every £5 is spent at Tesco. Not surprising, since by now 1 out of every 5 shops is a Tesco. They’re becoming as common as busstops. Fair competition? :rotfl:

And I’ll tell you something else - our state transport, mail, utility and production industries have all been privitized during the Thatcher years. All have become less effective, yet more profitable. Even more bizarre, some, especially the rail services, aer actually costing more money for the taxpayer after privitization than before, because they’re constantly being bailed out after profiteering ideas go South, and the top brass cost 10 times what they did… and they’re infinitely less effective.

These are real world examples. Can any of your arguments stand up to them??? :rolleyes:
 
I’m referring to “unbridled Capitalism” – which is condemned in Pope Leo’s document and also Pope John Paul II’s reflection on it.

The best argument we’ve got so far is that “unbridled capitalism doesn’t exist and never has existed”.
It briefly existed in Russia at the fall of communism, where, as is the apparent human instinct, they swung to radical free market - it was a disaster. To the point where they almost wanted communism back :eek:

It also exists in 99% top level managers I’ve ever met. Oh, and I can see little else in Tea-party economic knee jerking :rolleyes:

In fact, just watch an episode of the Apprentice! 😛
 
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