What does the path to salvation consist of for a Roman Catholic?
Say an atheist walks in off the street and tells the priest he needs Christ in his life. What happens before this atheist becomes a regular mass attending catholic?
(So as not to complicate matters, we’ll just assume this atheist in question is a single male in his mid-20s, never married, no children, etc.)
The priest would likely invite him to attend the RCIA program at the parish. Here he would be taught about God, the person of Jesus Christ, His sacrifice for mankind. He’d be taught about the Church He instituted and the Sacraments given us for our salvation. He’d be exposed to Scripture and the writings of the Fathers and the saints. Very importantly he would be taught about prayer. All this would be conducted either by the priest himself or those trained to teach catechesis. Or in some cases it would be one-on-one with the priest rather than a classroom environment (which RCIA tends to be). He would also be invited to regularly attend Mass on Sunday.
After about a year, if he has demonstrated a willingness to be received into the Church and has been judged competent to understand the necessities, if he has not been baptised he will be. He would also be confirmed and make his First Communion (though not necessarily in that order). I’m a cradle Catholic my self so I can’t give much more information on this specific part of the process.
After he’s been received into the Church he will be bound to the Church’s law. Attending Mass every Sunday and Holy Day of Obligation unless dispensed for grave reason. Receiving the Most Holy Eucharist and confessing at least once a year at Easter Time. He will have to be married according to laws of the Church, etc.
I’m not sure how Protestantism really works here but I understand that Catholics don’t speak of being “saved” like Protestants do. It’s not a spur of the moment thing. Like… you don’t just say “I believe in Jesus” and then get a one way ticket to Heaven.
If a Catholic wants to reach heaven he needs work on it. He needs to pray, regularly frequent the Sacraments, etc. Spiritual reading is not to be taken lightly. Reading the works of the saints, Lectio Divina (reading the Bible like it’s meant to be read).
Essentially once one has been received into the Church the most essential things are to frequent the Sacraments (Mass and Confession) and pray. A lot of praying.