What does omniscience entail?

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tonyrey

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  1. We do not know what constitutes divine knowledge.
  2. Omniscience is knowing everything that can be known by means unknown to us.
  3. It is impossible for us to know everything that can be known by means unknown to us…
  4. Therefore it is impossible for us to know what is intrinsically unknowable.
  5. Therefore it is possible that there are mysteries about God that are intrinsically unknowable.
To put it in a nutshell, is our rational concept of omniscience misguided? Given that God is Love, isn’t love the highest form of knowledge?
 
  1. We do not know what constitutes divine knowledge.
  2. Omniscience is knowing everything that can be known by means unknown to us.
  3. It is impossible for us to know everything that can be known by means unknown to us…
  4. Therefore it is impossible for us to know what is intrinsically unknowable.
  5. Therefore it is possible that there are mysteries about God that are intrinsically unknowable.
To put it in a nutshell, is our rational concept of omniscience misguided? Given that God is Love, isn’t love the highest form of knowledge?
why is it irrational to believe in a God who didnt reveal everything about Himself.To understand God entirely we would have to have the mind of God.It takes no faith to believe in God if He revealed everything about Himself.Faith is the only way we can show thatt we love Him.
 
Why is it irrational to believe in a God who didn’t reveal everything about Himself.To understand God entirely we would have to have the mind of God .It takes no faith to believe in God if He revealed everything about Himself. Faith is the only way we can show that we love Him.
If God revealed everything about Himself we wouldn’t and couldn’t understand anyway!
 
  1. We do not know what constitutes divine knowledge.
  2. Omniscience is knowing everything that can be known by means unknown to us.
  3. It is impossible for us to know everything that can be known by means unknown to us…
  4. Therefore it is impossible for us to know what is intrinsically unknowable.
  5. Therefore it is possible that there are mysteries about God that are intrinsically unknowable.
To put it in a nutshell, is our rational concept of omniscience misguided? Given that God is Love, isn’t love the highest form of knowledge?
I think that this is the wrong way to go about discussing this issue, tonyrey.

You begin by defining omniscience as modalwhich it is not. Rather, it is extensional, and thus can be defined as “knowing all true propositions, and no false proposition.”

Here is what the Catholic Encyclopedia has to say on this matter:
That God knows infallibly and from eternity what, for example, a certain man, in the exercise of free wil****l, will do or actually does in any given circumstances, and what he might or would actually have done in different circumstances is beyond doubt — being a corollary from the eternal actuality of Divine knowledge. So to speak, God has not to wait on the contingent and temporal event of the man’s free choice to know what the latter’s action will be; He knows it from eternity. But the difficulty is: how, from our finite point of view, to interpret and explain the mysterious manner of God’s knowledge of such events without at the same time sacrificing the free will of the creature.
This is where our discussion must begin, namely, with the concession that God knows from eternity all decisions of His free will creatures. From here we can then discuss the proper relation between a genuinely free will and a genuinely omniscient God.

In other words, until an agreeable definition of omniscience is reached, we cannot really discuss what it is for God to be omniscient.

In Christ,
FCCopleston
 
  1. We do not know what constitutes divine knowledge.
  2. Omniscience is knowing everything that can be known by means unknown to us.
  3. It is impossible for us to know everything that can be known by means unknown to us…
  4. Therefore it is impossible for us to know what is intrinsically unknowable.
  5. Therefore it is possible that there are mysteries about God that are intrinsically unknowable.
To put it in a nutshell, is our rational concept of omniscience misguided? Given that God is Love, isn’t love the highest form of knowledge?
Tony,
You are correct that our concept of omniscience is misguided, but incorrectly describe it as a rational concept. It is just a bit of dogma that showed up during the formative years of Christianity, when it was competing with Zeus, Apollo, and their gang— the ultimate “My God is bigger than your God,” boast.

Omniscience requires that an entity possessing it be incapable of imaginative thought.

For example, if God is omniscient and knows everything, past, present, and future at this moment, He cannot have a new, creative thought five minutes from now. Knowing everything includes knowing his own future thoughts, which therefore cannot be new and creative.

In effect, an omniscient entity can only be a kind of mindless, unimaginative, but conscious ultracomputer.

IMO omniscience is an ill-considered dogma, and is unnecessary to the belief in a Creator.

Now I have enough experience on CAF to recognize that few will consider this proposal in a constructive manner. I hope that you are one of them. Most will see it as a threat to their beliefs, and will react by wrapping lots of poor logic around their opinions, and/or arguing from other dogma. As wiser posters have mentioned, dogma is out of place in an honest philosophy discussion when used to support the truth of other dogma. I probably won’t even reply to such stuff. but would be interested in an honest philosophical discussion of the subject.

You seem to have opened that possibility with your post. It will take some careful maintenance. Good luck:)

P.S. “Love” is an emotion and is unrelated to knowledge. I’ve considered the possibility that love might even exist independently of brains, bodies, and hormones, but have sparse information on the subject. Its a nice idea, but insufficient, IMO, to motivate creation.
 
**greylorn **writes:
Omniscience requires that an entity possessing it be incapable of imaginative thought.
For example, if God is omniscient and knows everything, past, present, and future at this moment, He cannot have a new, creative thought five minutes from now. Knowing everything includes knowing his own future thoughts, which therefore cannot be new and creative.
In effect, an omniscient entity can only be a kind of mindless, unimaginative, but conscious ultracomputer.
When traditional Christian theology asserts that God is omniscient, it means that God knows every and all true proposition and no false proposition. God thus knows all things which are true, extending exhaustively to the very depths of His own Being.

Your objection that God cannot “have a new, creative thought five minutes from now” fails to recognize other attributes of God, namely, His timelessness, His aseity, and His perfection. Thus, it is not proper to say that God has “future knowledge of His thoughts” because all of His thoughts are “present” to Him, i.e., His thoughts are known in the eternal now.

Your argument seems to assume that God can “improve” Himself with “new” and “creative” thoughts. Since God, by definition, cannot “improve,” but is rather Perfection itself, your argument misses its intended mark (how do you propose that Perfection be made more perfect?).

Would you say that God’s creation of the universe *ex nihilo *(out of nothing) is a fairly good demonstration of His “imagination”?

In Christ,
FCCopleston
 
When traditional Christian theology asserts that God is omniscient, it means that God knows every and all true proposition and no false proposition. God thus knows all things which are true, extending exhaustively to the very depths of His own Being.
I was taught “traditional” Catholic theology differently by priests and nuns who did not equivocate or pretend that their beliefs were other than what they were, simply to beat down an argument. They were honest men and women who taught me their version of truth as they had been taught it.

I’ve visited this argument before. Other Catholics treat the omniscience definition as I did.

Your statement is an invented opinion which makes no sense, for it implies that God cannot know what is false. That is nonsense. I, for example, am capable of knowing about Ptolemaic astronomy, Darwinism, phlogiston theory, all which are false. I simply discriminate between things that are, or seem to me to be valid, and those which seem otherwise. Surely the mind of God knows both truth and falsehood, and like mine, and presumably yours, discriminates.

I’m sure that God does know Himself exhaustively. So what? Are you of the opinion that because you can make such a statement, you also know Him?
Your objection that God cannot “have a new, creative thought five minutes from now” fails to recognize other attributes of God, namely, His timelessness, His aseity, and His perfection. Thus, it is not proper to say that God has “future knowledge of His thoughts” because all of His thoughts are “present” to Him, i.e., His thoughts are known in the eternal now.
I addressed a single item of dogma from the perspective of simple, time-dependent logic.

You’ve responded with a barrage of dogmatic assertions. Be my guest. Use them to support whatever you want. No point in me or anyone trying to argue with dogmatic assertions using such a flaccid tool as logic. You’ll simply invent whatever dogma you need to support your beliefs.
Your argument seems to assume that God can “improve” Himself with “new” and “creative” thoughts. Since God, by definition, cannot “improve,” but is rather Perfection itself, your argument misses its intended mark (how do you propose that Perfection be made more perfect?).
My argument did not assume that God can improve Himself, but it certainly implies that He could change, and in a variety of directions. “Improvement” is a subjective evaluation.

For example, most of my creative thoughts turned out to be very bad ideas. Presumably God is also capable of generating ideas which seemed good at the time. According to the O.T. Bible, mankind was high on the ooops list, and according to the N.T., still is.

Again, the rest of your statement is simply dogma, which is unresponsive to discussion.
Would you say that God’s creation of the universe *ex nihilo *(out of nothing) is a fairly good demonstration of His “imagination”?
The notion of creation from nothing is also dogma. It defies all known principles of action as well as those of logic, so I decline to accept it.

However, it is obvious to me that we live in a created universe, which of course implies at least one Creator. I’m willing to accept the term “God” to name this Creator and however many others He enlisted in that magnificent project. However, my understanding of the nature and properties of God are not the same as those of established religions.

My experience with various engineering projects has shown me that imagination is essential to their success. I use the common sense of the word, “imagination,” as something which has never been thought of before by the person doing the thinking. Therefore I regard the idea of an unimaginative God as patently absurd.

It has been argued that no humans actually have genuinely imaginative thoughts, but are only picking up old thoughts from a mysterious aether of universal understanding. Even if one buys that argument, it cannot apply to the entity who created the universe the first time. Therefore I have adopted the understanding that God is genuinely imaginative.

Since omniscience and imagination are contradictory, I am logically required to reject the notion that God is also omniscient.

The concept of omniscience is unnecessary to the construction of the universe, and is contradictory to Biblical tales which include several examples which seem to show a confused, dithering God, who cannot make up His mind even when He’s supposed to know the exact outcome of every choice He makes.

I’ve studied some stuff. Out of it I have too much respect for Creation to believe that it was accomplished by the entity humans have defined to meet their needs.
 
greylorn writes:
I was taught “traditional” Catholic theology differently by priests and nuns who did not equivocate or pretend that their beliefs were other than what they were, simply to beat down an argument. They were honest men and women who taught me their version of truth as they had been taught it.
I’ve visited this argument before. Other Catholics treat the omniscience definition as I did.
What I defined as omniscience is the standard definition of Christian orthodoxy. The fact that you were taught something different does not change that definition.

You continue:
Your statement is an invented opinion which makes no sense, for it implies that God cannot know what is false. That is nonsense. I, for example, am capable of knowing about Ptolemaic astronomy, Darwinism, phlogiston theory, all which are false. I simply discriminate between things that are, or seem to me to be valid, and those which seem otherwise. Surely the mind of God knows both truth and falsehood, and like mine, and presumably yours, discriminates.
Again, what I stated was the standard, traditional, orthodox definition of omniscience. We can unpack it a bit if you like. When the definition states that God knows no false proposition, this does not mean that God does not know that the false proposition is false, but rather, that He does not believe that the false proposition is true; whereas God does know and believe all true propositions to be true.

You continue:
You’ve responded with a barrage of dogmatic assertions. Be my guest. Use them to support whatever you want. No point in me or anyone trying to argue with dogmatic assertions using such a flaccid tool as logic. You’ll simply invent whatever dogma you need to support your beliefs.
I am not “inventing dogma” to “support my beliefs.” I am speaking of God as He has been traditionally defined throughout the history of the Abrahamic religious tradition.

You continue:
My argument did not assume that God can improve Himself, but it certainly implies that He could change, and in a variety of directions. “Improvement” is a subjective evaluation.
For example, most of my creative thoughts turned out to be very bad ideas. Presumably God is also capable of generating ideas which seemed good at the time. According to the O.T. Bible, mankind was high on the ooops list, and according to the N.T., still is.
So your point was that, if God cannot *change *then He is not omniscient???

You continue:
Again, the rest of your statement is simply dogma, which is unresponsive to discussion.
If you want to have a any kind of meaningful discussion on God’s omniscience, then we are going to need to agree upon a definition of God and omniscience. I am simply stating the classic position of all of the Abrahamic traditions. The fact that you are unwilling to engage this tradition other than to slander it as “dogma” implies that you are unable to engage it.

You continue:
The notion of creation from nothing is also dogma. It defies all known principles of action as well as those of logic, so I decline to accept it.
How did creation come about, then?

You continue:
I’ve studied some stuff. Out of it I have too much respect for Creation to believe that it was accomplished by the entity humans have defined to meet their needs…
However, it is obvious to me that we live in a created universe, which of course implies at least one Creator. I’m willing to accept the term “God” to name this Creator and however many others He enlisted in that magnificent project. However, **my understanding of the nature and properties of God are not the same as those of established religions. **
It would appear that you are the one refashioning God’s nature and properties to fit your needs.

You continue:
Since omniscience and imagination are contradictory, I am logically required to reject the notion that God is also omniscient.
This conclusion would depend upon an equivocal use of both the terms “omniscience” and “imagination” of course.
 
Every drop of rain. where, when and why. each molecule of water. which root? where, when. every leaf on every tree, ever. the snap in fall. the path to ground. all of them . ever. and because he can not be dilute (omnipotent) efforttlessly. its fun to contemplate here. imagine face to face and live!

peace
 
Code:
             *1. We do not know what constitutes divine knowledge.
  1. Omniscience is knowing everything that can be known by means unknown to us.
  2. It is impossible for us to know everything that can be known by means unknown to us…
  3. Therefore it is impossible for us to know what is intrinsically unknowable.
  4. Therefore it is possible that there are mysteries about God that are intrinsically unknowable.
The onus is on you to refute one or more of my statements. In particular why doesn’t “omniscient” mean God knows everything? (Confirmed by your quotation:)
Here is what the Catholic Encyclopedia has to say on this matter:
Quote:
That God knows infallibly and from eternity what, for example, a certain man, in the exercise of free wil****l, will do or actually does in any given circumstances, and what he might or would actually have done in different circumstances is beyond doubt — being a corollary from the eternal actuality of Divine knowledge. So to speak, God has not to wait on the contingent and temporal event of the man’s free choice to know what the latter’s action will be; He knows it from eternity.
God knows infallibly and from eternity what a man will do or actually does… and what he might or would actually have done, not his free decisions - which are possible only through participating in God’s power. As I have pointed out, my reasoning is based on the fact that by giving us free will God shares His power with us. Incredibly we can reject Him and frustrate His Will for all eternity. Surely that in itself is evidence that our power of choice is supernatural and inexplicable?
But the difficulty is: how, from our finite point of view, to interpret and explain the mysterious manner of God’s knowledge of such events without at the same time sacrificing the free will of the creature.
Ay, there’s the rub! That problem does not arise if our free choices and decisions are intrinsically unknowable…
 
Every drop of rain. where, when and why. each molecule of water. which root? where, when. every leaf on every tree, ever. the snap in fall. the path to ground. all of them . ever. and because he can not be dilute (omnipotent) efforttlessly. its fun to contemplate here. imagine face to face and live!
The great mystics could not express the inexpressible glory of God… 🙂
 
What I defined as omniscience is the standard definition of Christian orthodoxy. The fact that you were taught something different does not change that definition.
It does mean that you and I, and all the millions of Catholics who were taught exactly the same things as I was, have no common understanding of a term which is central to Catholic dogma. Makes discussions absurd and pointless.
Again, what I stated was the standard, traditional, orthodox definition of omniscience. We can unpack it a bit if you like. When the definition states that God knows no false proposition, this does not mean that God does not know that the false proposition is false, but rather, that He does not believe that the false proposition is true; whereas God does know and believe all true propositions to be true.
You stated your version of the standard. Can you offer a Catechismal refererence? I’d learned from the old Baltimore Catechism, and have since learned that the Church has changed a lot of the absolute truth which I had once memorized.

I have to wonder why “know” means know sometimes, but means believe other times. This is an example of why I find it a general waste of time to converse with dogmatists. They will adjust the meaning of common words as well as jargon to suit their argument. Tiresome. You must be a Democrat.
I am not “inventing dogma” to “support my beliefs.” I am speaking of God as He has been traditionally defined throughout the history of the Abrahamic religious tradition.
With all due respect, that is an absurd claim. The God concept has changed throughout the entire Biblical tradition.
So your point was that, if God cannot *change *then He is not omniscient???
Au contraire. If God is omniscient, then God cannot change.
If you want to have a any kind of meaningful discussion on God’s omniscience, then we are going to need to agree upon a definition of God and omniscience. I am simply stating the classic position of all of the Abrahamic traditions. The fact that you are unwilling to engage this tradition other than to slander it as “dogma” implies that you are unable to engage it.
This discussion is very much about the definition of God, and I’d say we are a long way from agreeing on that. I repeat my assertion that you are making a false claim with respect to the understanding of God in the context of tradition. Modern God-concept depends upon the teachings of Augustine and Aquinas, who post-dated Abraham by a few ticks.

You may apologize for accusing me of slandering a religious tradition by calling it dogma. Last I heard, the word “dogma” was not in any way profane. Nor is it synonymous with typical derogatory terms such as: stupid, absurd, idiotic, nonsensical, etc. Dogma is a word with a well defined meaning, applying to beliefs which are not subject to review or change.

For you to suggest that I used dogma as a slanderous term implies that you yourself do not like its implications. If you are ashamed of the dogma in which you believe, that is your problem, not mine. Again, you may apologize.

Reply continued…
 
Reply 2 of 2 to:
How did creation come about, then?
The simple version:

Following the First Law of Thermodynamics, energy has always existed. Following modern Christian beliefs, God has always existed. God shaped energy into a variety of dynamic geometries with various properties, incorporating physical phenomena such as charge, mass, and parity, and various time-dependent characteristics such as momentum, spin, and electromagnetic radiation.
It would appear that you are the one refashioning God’s nature and properties to fit your needs.
You are essentially correct. I like that, for it reduces much of this discussion to a matter of needs, yours vs. mine.

I propose that your needs are those of most Catholics, and the same needs I shared when I was an altar boy. You want to be right and want your beliefs to be right. You want a set of dependable rules for living. You want to believe in the continuity of your own consciousness post-death, and likewise for your loved ones. You want to believe that the good guys win in the end, and that the larger part of your conscious existence will be a happy time for you.

Please correct any errors, or add your own list of belief-related needs.

My needs are simpler. Like you, I want my understanding of the human purpose (i.e. my purpose) to be correct, so that I can optimize my life choices accordingly. I have studied some physics and worked in astronomy, microbiology, computer technology, and neurology. This experience, plus assorted readings in other sciences, philosophy, and experimentation in manipulation of the human mind and parapsychology has led me to trust evidence, and theories which are well supported by evidence. It has led me to distrust dogma, including “scientific” dogma such as Darwinism, Big Bang theory, etc.

In the process of learning I’ve developed a deep appreciation for the rich complexity of the universe, and a measure of disdain for the theories humans have devised to explain it. IMO, in matters of the fundamental causes, the beginnings of things, science and religions are both wrong.

Summarizing, my needs are to find a complete theory which explains everything at the first level of importance. The theory must make logical sense and be consistent with all available evidence.

Most people with needs like mine become atheists because no religion does the job for them. I think that atheism is a really stupid belief system, and phony as well, because it claims that its dogmas are somehow “scientific.” At least religionists, most of them anyway, embrace the dogmas which define their beliefs. That’s honest.

I figure that someone who has embraced religious beliefs should not be arguing with me at all. I am an enemy of atheism and evil. Does it matter that my definitions of God and the human soul differ from yours?
This conclusion would depend upon an equivocal use of both the terms “omniscience” and “imagination” of course.
No, it depends upon an unequivocal use of both, and all other terms involved in the discussion.
 
greylorn writes:
It does mean that you and I, and all the millions of Catholics who were taught exactly the same things as I was, have no common understanding of a term which is central to Catholic dogma. Makes discussions absurd and pointless.
Just to let you know, I am not a Catholic.
I have to wonder why “know” means know sometimes, but means believe other times. This is an example of why I find it a general waste of time to converse with dogmatists. They will adjust the meaning of common words as well as jargon to suit their argument.
I made the mistake of assuming that you had a cursory knowledge of these definitions. If you look up “the definition of omniscience,” you will find that both of the formulations I gave are commonly used (belief is a part of knowledge, after all).
With all due respect, that is an absurd claim. The God concept has changed throughout the entire Biblical tradition.
In terms of omniscience, the standard definition of the Abrahamic religions (Jewish, Christian, and Muslim) is that God knows all true propositions and no false propositions.
Au contraire. If God is omniscient, then God cannot change.
I agree. God cannot change.
You may apologize for accusing me of slandering a religious tradition by calling it dogma. Last I heard, the word “dogma” was not in any way profane. Nor is it synonymous with typical derogatory terms such as: stupid, absurd, idiotic, nonsensical, etc. Dogma is a word with a well defined meaning, applying to beliefs which are not subject to review or change.
For you to suggest that I used dogma as a slanderous term implies that you yourself do not like its implications. If you are ashamed of the dogma in which you believe, that is your problem, not mine. Again, you may apologize.
You are using the word “dogma,” not to mean incontrovertible truths, but truths which are falsely believed to be incontrovertible. Read your posts. To you, “dogma” is merely an attempt to avoid rational conversation.
 
**greylorn **writes:
Following the First Law of Thermodynamics, energy has always existed. Following modern Christian beliefs, God has always existed. God shaped energy into a variety of dynamic geometries with various properties, incorporating physical phenomena such as charge, mass, and parity, and various time-dependent characteristics such as momentum, spin, and electromagnetic radiation.
According to contemporary cosmology, space, matter, and energy had their beginning at the Big Bang. The first law of thermodynamics is inapplicable to the origins of the universe. It is applicable only to the existing universe.
You are essentially correct. I like that, for it reduces much of this discussion to a matter of needs, yours vs. mine.
The psychology of your belief tells me what you want God to be like, not what God is like. I am only interested in discussing the latter.
Does it matter that my definitions of God and the human soul differ from yours?
If we are trying to have a rational discussion about God, then yes.
No, it depends upon an unequivocal use of both, and all other terms involved in the discussion.
By “equivocal” use, I meant that you are equivocating. E.g., you are defining the term omniscience in a way that is different from its common usage.
 
**tonyrey **writes:
The onus is on you to refute one or more of my statements. In particular why doesn’t “omniscient” mean God knows everything? (Confirmed by your quotation:)
In accordance with the standard definition of omniscience, for God to know means that He has a justified true belief that all true propositions are true; and for God to not know means that He has a justified true belief that all false propositions are false.
God knows infallibly and from eternity what a man will do or actually does… and what he might or would actually have done, not his free decisions - which are possible only through participating in God’s power. As I have pointed out, my reasoning is based on the fact that by giving us free will God shares His power with us. Incredibly we can reject Him and frustrate His Will for all eternity. Surely that in itself is evidence that our power of choice is supernatural and inexplicable?
God’s knowledge of what a man will do/does includes that man’s** “exercise of free will.”**

What meaning do you believe the distinction between God knowing all that a man will do/does and God knowing what a man decides to do has?

Keep in mind that your previous position was that God cannot even *predict *what our free decisions will be. How do you reconcile that with what you are now asserting?
Ay, there’s the rub! That problem does not arise if our free choices and decisions are intrinsically unknowable…
The problem that arises by defining free choices and decisions as intrinsically unknowable is that God’s omniscience is erroneously understood to be a modal property.
 
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