The English is off from the Latin. To boot, I’m not really sure what language it was originally written in (Greek or Hebrew), but too many interpretative/semantic arguments on such a simple prayer would be absurd and should be avoided. It’s better to use basic terms as keywords to link to the bigger picture the prayer represents.
There’s really just three parts to remember: 1.) what Glory means, 2.) what the Trinity is, and 3.) that God is eternal.
Here’s how I understand each.
1.) The Glory of God, who is Love, who is our Creator, and our Merciful Redeemer, and who is all Goodness itself, is basically self-sustaining, but - in a human sense - it’s when we return all credit for creating us, providing for us, redeeming us and sustaining us. Thus, to God is due all Love, Honor, Thanks, and Praise, and - when mankind fulfills these obligations - we see the Glory of God. Of course, if we sinned, and he wiped us out, it would be an expression of his Almighty power - but it would be more of a tragedy… Through Jesus - God isn’t out to judge us, defeat us or destroy us - as all of that would be contrary to His eternally loving, creative and providential nature, so there would likely be little glory in such a hollow victory as merely wiping out a bunch of weak sinners. He could do it, but His glory seems based upon providing for overcoming obstacles and impediments, rather than just his ability to create, destroy or even deny them. In any case, no human can fully give God the credit He is due, so - we all fall short - best to keep saying this prayer for the rest of eternity now…
2.) As for the Trinity, it’s a mystery no one can fully fathom - you know what it is, you know that it is a mystery… so, now, keep thinking about it for eternity in light of everything stated in #1… One helpful note on contemplating the Trinity is, you have to remember the Trinity is a
relationship between the natures of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit, so - I think - when you contemplate the Trinitarian nature of God, you might perceive various aspects of their Triune relationship, which can perhaps suggest new and interesting ways of of glorifying God…
3.) The last part is poorly translated into English, I think. It’s too ambiguous. What I mean is, since the term “worldly” is homonymous with “world” in the wording of the phrase “world without end”, it is confusing. Worldy things are transient, and the objection to worldly things usually seems to mean to avoid going off on a temporary and futile tangent, which you may later regret. On the other hand, what the prayer means in Latin (“secula seculorum”) is that the Glory of God - Who is the Eternal Truth behind all Creation - whether on earth or in Heaven - perhaps like the ideal Jerusalem - is to be forever and always due whatever Glory we can muster up… because it exists eternally itself as Love, Glory, Justice, and, thus, it’s infinite sustainability not only provides for us - but the return Glorifies God in its own right. So give to God the glory of what is eternally true in your perceptions of the relationship of the Trinity with itself forever and ever.