What Makes Christianity True?

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As, say, opposed to Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, etc.

I was just wondering what made this religion anymore valid than the rest. I mean no offense by this, I’m just asking honestly.
 
As, say, opposed to Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, etc.

I was just wondering what made this religion anymore valid than the rest. I mean no offense by this, I’m just asking honestly.
Laudetur Iesus Christus.

Dear “AJTheMan:”

There are at least two ways to take your question. This may seem like, “splitting hairs,” if this were a casual conversation, however, when one is talking about the most basic truths, this sort of careful distinction is necessary.

If taken at face value, the answer to this question is: because it corresponds with reality (or actuality).

However, one suspects that this question is rarely meant to be taken at face value, but is meant to ask, “How can one know that this is true?” This is not a question about what is true or what makes a thing true, but rather is a question about how one comes to know things. It is easy to see how this added aspect vastly complicates the answer sought by the question.

Added to these issues is the use of the very problematic word, “Christianity.” This word is used to refer to many different things, most of which simply are not true. Because of this, it is difficult to respond to the question without making careful provision to distinguish what is being affirmed from the things that cannot be sustained in careful discussion.

There is a great deal of force in this observation by Hilaire Belloc:

“. . . There is no such thing as a religion called “Christianity” – there never has been such a religion.

There is and always has been the Church, and various heresies proceeding from a rejection of some of the Church’s doctrines by men who still desire to retain the rest of her teaching and morals. But there never has been and never can be or will be a general Christian religion professed by men who all accept some central, important doctrines, while agreeing to differ about others. There has always been, from the beginning, and will always be, the Church, and sundry heresies either doomed to decay, or, like Mohammedanism, to grow into a separate religion. Of a common Christianity there never has been and never can be a definition, for it has never existed.” (The Great Heresies, (1938).)

So, limiting consideration to the Church and her doctrines, these are true because they conform to reality (or actuality). We know this because of the testimony of Jesus Christ, the founder and head of the Holy Roman Catholic Church.

Christ is unique in the history of the world. He is the only founder of a religion who claimed personally to be God. All other religions, as well as secular science and philosophy, are founded on human understanding of human experiences of things outside the person having the experience. Only the Church is based on revelation offered in human terms by a human being who is God. No other religion or system of thought even pretends to this basis of reliability.

Moses spoke to God and related what he understood of his encounters. However, this was a human effort to understand something superhuman. Mohammad is reputed to have spoken to the Angel Gabriel. However, this was a human effort to understand something preternatural. Buddhism is founded on a man’s effort to understand nature through his experiences of it. Etc.

Only the faith of the Church is founded on God speaking as a human being. Thus only the faith of the Church is founded on a source of information which is not limited by the human capacity to understand through the human senses – Jesus, being God, did not have to sense the truths of divinity or reality. Further, Jesus, being man, was able to communicate in human terms the truths which He revealed, so that even in the interpretation of the communication, human limitations did not cloud the communication of the truth.

Thus, one is left with the sole basis of the reliable truth of the faith of the Church being the man Jesus Christ. One must consider, since He claims to personally be God, was He insane, lying, or telling the truth. On reading the four Gospels, one gains a strong impression that Jesus was neither insane nor lying. One is left, therefore, with a basis of knowledge which is communicated through language from a source which does not ultimately rely on the limited capacity of the human senses and mind to grasp reality. Thus, the faith of the Church is more reliable than all other religions and more reliable than all human philosophical approaches, including, “the absurd,” and empirical science.

Thus, the faith of the Church is founded by God and not on any merely human insight. It is communicated by the Holy Roman Catholic Church, which was established by God as a living means of communication and interpretation, to convey and protect the message delivered by Jesus Christ to mankind. This source of reliability, protected by this means of communication, is thus more reliable than any other source of information about reality (or actuality) available to human understanding, including all strains of “interpretation” applied by communities or scholars outside of the Roman Catholic Church.

I hope this is helpful.

Spiritus Sapientiae tecum.

John Hiner
 
Truth is that which conforms to reality. Truth is not an abstract notion. Truth in this case, is a person - Jesus Christ, Son of God, Second Person of the Trinity, the God of the Universe, the Creator.

None of the other religions are based on Jesus Christ, Who IS the Truth.
 
Laudetur Iesus Christus.

Once the firm basis of the Church is apprehended, one’s confidence grows with everything one considers in her light. On the strength of this argument, I prepared the following poster:

The
Roman Catholic Church
Given the complexity, evil, and beauty in life,
nothing less extreme could be the Truth.

Pax Christi nobiscum.

John Hiner
 
As, say, opposed to Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, etc.

I was just wondering what made this religion anymore valid than the rest. I mean no offense by this, I’m just asking honestly.
mathematically, the enormous number of convergent prophecies makes Christianity unassailable and unique. if you care to google the term convergent prophecies, you might find more.
 
As, say, opposed to Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, etc.

I was just wondering what made this religion anymore valid than the rest. I mean no offense by this, I’m just asking honestly.
If you have time, read C.S. Lewis’ “Mere Christianity” which you can read free from here or download a 5 hour MP3 reading of the book here.

In super-short answer to your question, Judaism was fulfilled in Christianity. Islam and Hinduism differ from Christianity in that their foundations are based on the testimony of one person’s private revelation, whereas Christianity uniquely has hundreds of first hand witnesses to the key event: The Resurrection. The Church founded by Christ (the person, the God-man who rose from the dead) is attested to as well by the witness of martyrs and miracles. In order to come to understand this, faith and reason is required.
:o
 
As, say, opposed to Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, etc.

I was just wondering what made this religion anymore valid than the rest. I mean no offense by this, I’m just asking honestly.
As a Christian, as C.S. Lewis stated, one does not have to believe Christianity Right, all others completely wrong. We just believe we have been given the Truth and that other religions may have portions of the Truth within them, but we have been given the Truth as complete as can be on earth.

On Hinduism, my disagreement with them is on polytheism, their caste system (society rigidly divided into certain classes with the untouchables at the bottom), them believing certain animals divine (the cow), them believing in the endless cycles of birth and rebirth - reincarnation, that is if one lives a good life, one earns good karma and may not suffer in the next life. A bad person commits evil or not enough good in this life, they may become reincarnated as a knat, a vulture, or even an inanimate object in their next incarnation. (I believe this belief arose in Hinduism to deal with the problem of theodicy, if one suffers, it must be because of what they did in a past life; whereas Christianity teaches man suffers because of the Fall and because somehow his suffering is united to Christ’s in redeeming the world).

Also, Hinduism and Buddhism believe in Impersonal gods or lifeforces guiding our destinies. Christianity is the belief in a Personal, not impersonal, God with whom one can discuss, pray to and rely on, on a personal level based on Love.

Buddhism separated from Hinduism because of the Buddha’s unwillingness to accept Hinduism’s caste system. However, with the Buddhist belief in samsara, the endless cycle of reincarnation and rebirth. Buddhism has no time for what constitutes sin, while Christians believe sin exists and is a gigantic problem here. Buddhism’s soteriology is negative and entirely alien to Christianity. Buddhism’s goal, after perhaps millions of rebirths and reincarnations for each soul is Nirvana which means “extinguished” into an endless repose without desire, without consciousness, without suffering - just as the flame of a candle is blown out. HH Pope JP2 wrote: “Buddhism is in large measure an ‘atheistic’ system. Buddhism teaches that we do not free ourselves from evil through good which comes from God; we liberate ourselves only through detachment from the world. To save oneself means to free oneself from evil by becoming indifferent to the world.”

With Islam, it is not a religion of redemption like Christianity. The God of the Koran is ultimately a God outside of the world, “a God who is only Majesty, never Emmanueal, God is with us”. (HH JP2) The Koran significantly reduces Divine Revelation: Jesus is mentioned, but only as a prophet who prepares for the last prophet, Muhammad. No Cross and Redemption.

Hope this helps a bit.🙂
 
…
If taken at face value, the answer to this question is: because it corresponds with reality (or actuality).
A lot of people believe it corresponds with reality, but none have proven it.
It therefore corresponds to a belief system.
Just because you may be able to convince someone else to share your beliefs does not mean you have proven a thing.

…
So, limiting consideration to the Church and her doctrines, these are true because they conform to reality (or actuality). We know this because of the testimony of Jesus Christ, the founder and head of the Holy Roman Catholic Church.
Here we have only the assurances of the Church as to what the testimony of Jesus was - not to mention the interpretation of what those words might have meant - if the traditionally accepted words are even accurate.

Christ is unique in the history of the world. He is the only founder of a religion who claimed personally to be God. All other religions, as well as secular science and philosophy, are founded on human understanding of human experiences of things outside the person having the experience. Only the Church is based on revelation offered in human terms by a human being who is God. No other religion or system of thought even pretends to this basis of reliability.
You must be joking. Two thousand years ago everyone and their brother who had some type of power claimed godhead - or had godhood claimed for them on their behalf.
And regarding actual spirituality, Jesus’ claims are straight out of Adwaita Vedanta.

Moses spoke to God and related what he understood of his encounters. However, this was a human effort to understand something superhuman. Mohammad is reputed to have spoken to the Angel Gabriel. However, this was a human effort to understand something preternatural. Buddhism is founded on a man’s effort to understand nature through his experiences of it. Etc.
No one knows who or what Moses “spoke to”. We have legends that say what others claim that Moses claimed.
It is claimed that Mohammed claimed to have spoken to the Angel Gabriel, but how could he have possibly vetted the “voice” he supposedly spoke with.
Even regarding Jesus, we have only second hand accounts of what He supposedly said, and at best by people who didn’t understand Him.

…
Thus, one is left with the sole basis of the reliable truth of the faith of the Church being the man Jesus Christ. One must consider, since He claims to personally be God, was He insane, lying, or telling the truth.
  1. this claim is Adwaita Vedanta
  2. Give C.S. Lewis credit when you quote him.
  3. C.S. Lewis’ quote is a straw man. Those are by no means the only three possible interpretations.
    Proving the first two false therefore does not prove the third true.
    Not to mention we don’t know what Jesus actually said. We only know the tradition of what He allegedly said.
…
Thus, the faith of the Church is founded by God and not on any merely human insight. It is communicated by the Holy Roman Catholic Church, which was established by God as a living means of communication and interpretation, to convey and protect the message delivered by Jesus Christ to mankind. This source of reliability, protected by this means of communication, is thus more reliable than any other source of information about reality (or actuality) available to human understanding, including all strains of “interpretation” applied by communities or scholars outside of the Roman Catholic Church.
Thus nothing. This is all just accepted tradition by those who are members of the tradition. It is faith, not fact.

That being said, I do believe that spiritual progress can be made within the context of the CC - in spite of, not because of, many of its claims.

…
 
Truth is that which conforms to reality. Truth is not an abstract notion. Truth in this case, is a person - Jesus Christ, Son of God, Second Person of the Trinity, the God of the Universe, the Creator.

None of the other religions are based on Jesus Christ, Who IS the Truth.
But who is Jesus Christ?
Not your notion, or the Church’s notion, or the traditional notions in various traditionally accepted writings, but who actually is He?
And don’t just repeat your statement of belief above - that is no more than what my previous sentence is describing.
 
If you have time, read C.S. Lewis’ “Mere Christianity” which you can read free from here or download a 5 hour MP3 reading of the book here.

In super-short answer to your question, Judaism was fulfilled in Christianity. Islam and Hinduism differ from Christianity in that their foundations are based on the testimony of one person’s private revelation, whereas Christianity uniquely has hundreds of first hand witnesses to the key event: The Resurrection. The Church founded by Christ (the person, the God-man who rose from the dead) is attested to as well by the witness of martyrs and miracles. In order to come to understand this, faith and reason is required.
:o
“Mere Christianity” is not very good if your religious assumptions are not already Christian based.
Without those assumptions, his arguments are extremely shallow and readily seen through - straw men through the entire book.
It does work well as a moral booster for those who already have Christian based assumptions and beliefs and are merely wavering due to things like WWII (they were radio talks during that time to precisely such an audience).

Regarding Judaism - Jesus was in direct contradiction to it. Don’t forget he was executed for the crimes against Judaism of heresy and blasphemy.
Jesus’ claims and teachings were not in contradiction to Adwaita Vedanta and tenets of Buddhism however.
 
As a Christian, as C.S. Lewis stated, one does not have to believe Christianity Right, all others completely wrong. We just believe we have been given the Truth and that other religions may have portions of the Truth within them, but we have been given the Truth as complete as can be on earth.
“We just believe” are the operative words here.
All religions get coated with myth as soon as the interpreters and theologians and “leaders” get going.
Closer to complete Truth would be stripping the myth from all religions - Christianity included - and even then, you’re left with just words.
There’s much more to do to get to Truth.

On Hinduism, my disagreement with them is on polytheism, their caste system (society rigidly divided into certain classes with the untouchables at the bottom), them believing certain animals divine (the cow), them believing in the endless cycles of birth and rebirth - reincarnation, that is if one lives a good life, one earns good karma and may not suffer in the next life. A bad person commits evil or not enough good in this life, they may become reincarnated as a knat, a vulture, or even an inanimate object in their next incarnation. (I believe this belief arose in Hinduism to deal with the problem of theodicy, if one suffers, it must be because of what they did in a past life; whereas Christianity teaches man suffers because of the Fall and because somehow his suffering is united to Christ’s in redeeming the world).
All this you speak of is part of the myth problem - including your reference to Christian beliefs.

Also, Hinduism and Buddhism believe in Impersonal gods or lifeforces guiding our destinies. Christianity is the belief in a Personal, not impersonal, God with whom one can discuss, pray to and rely on, on a personal level based on Love.
Hinduism includes paths that emphasize the Personal God - it is actually more common than the impersonal.

Buddhism separated from Hinduism because of the Buddha’s unwillingness to accept Hinduism’s caste system. However, with the Buddhist belief in samsara, the endless cycle of reincarnation and rebirth. Buddhism has no time for what constitutes sin, while Christians believe sin exists and is a gigantic problem here. Buddhism’s soteriology is negative and entirely alien to Christianity. Buddhism’s goal, after perhaps millions of rebirths and reincarnations for each soul is Nirvana which means “extinguished” into an endless repose without desire, without consciousness, without suffering - just as the flame of a candle is blown out. HH Pope JP2 wrote: “Buddhism is in large measure an ‘atheistic’ system. Buddhism teaches that we do not free ourselves from evil through good which comes from God; we liberate ourselves only through detachment from the world. To save oneself means to free oneself from evil by becoming indifferent to the world.”
This is an interpretation of Buddhist myth through the lens of Christian myth. It is not a valid accurate account of the Truth of Buddhism.

…
I am, by the way, not favoring any religion over any other - they all are coated with layers of myth that obscure Truth.
And many, if not most or even all, can potentially serve as valid paths to Truth for those who have enough faith and aspiration to transcend the various layers of myth.

I even believe that the myths themselves can serve a spiritually useful purpose - up to a point.
But if you sincerely want Truth, you must get past the myths - no need to change religions, but definitely go beyond the level of myths.
 
Laudetur Iesus Christus.

Dear “anon5216:”

Thank you for your comments, though they do seem somewhat terse and, in spots, glib. I have tried to respond in keeping with your format, but I am unsure if my formatting will be clear. In the following, the matter within boxes marked, “Quote,” are taken from your recent post. The material within those boxes within the conventional quotation marks are the portions of my previous email on which yours was commenting. I hope this is not too confusing to readers.

All of this was done to allow specific comments to be made on each of your replies.
“If taken at face value, the answer to this question is: because it corresponds with reality (or actuality).”
A lot of people believe it corresponds with reality, but none have proven it. It therefore corresponds to a belief system. Just because you may be able to convince someone else to share your beliefs does not mean you have proven a thing
You anticipate the distinction which I made soon after in my previous post. There is a great difference between the question, “What does it mean for a thing to be true and another thing to be false,” and the question, “How do you personally know a thing,” and the question, “How can any human being know this thing?” In your reply, you are mixing these questions. The truth of a thing does not depend on my or even mankind’s ability to know it is true. Hence the doctrines of the Church are true, whether any man can know that they are true. The truth of the matter is not dependent on whether I believe or you disbelieve. Neither human belief nor human doubt is the measure of truth.

The question is, given the clouded and contingent nature of human means of investigation, what do we do to conform our actions and understanding to the truth.
“So, limiting consideration to the Church and her doctrines, these are true because they conform to reality (or actuality). We know this because of the testimony of Jesus Christ, the founder and head of the Holy Roman Catholic Church.”
Here we have only the assurances of the Church as to what the testimony of Jesus was - not to mention the interpretation of what those words might have meant - if the traditionally accepted words are even accurate.
Again you mix the questions. My effort in this sentence was to clarify what body of doctrines to which my comments about truth apply. You are commenting on the separate question of whether those doctrines have been communicated through history – though important, to a limited extent, this question is premature as a comment on the limitation of the set of doctrines in question.

The reason it is counterproductive to introduce this question prematurely turns on the content of Jesus’ teaching. If He is God as He claims and He and the Holy Spirit protect the transmission of His teachings in mother Church, as He claims, then the issue of transmission is contained in the question of the truth of His claims. On the other hand, if He is not God, then His promise to protect the transmission of His teachings is meaningless, and the questions of integrity of transmission which you raise become relevant. However, to raise these questions of transmission prematurely is to beg the fundamental question of truth.

This problem touches on the root of the difficulty in your approach, which I will try place on the table in a few moments.

Continued . . .
 
Continued . . .
“Christ is unique in the history of the world. He is the only founder of a religion who claimed personally to be God. All other religions, as well as secular science and philosophy, are founded on human understanding of human experiences of things outside the person having the experience. Only the Church is based on revelation offered in human terms by a human being who is God. No other religion or system of thought even pretends to this basis of reliability.”
You must be joking. Two thousand years ago everyone and their brother who had some type of power claimed godhead - or had godhood claimed for them on their behalf. And regarding actual spirituality, Jesus’ claims are straight out of Adwaita Vedanta.
I am not joking – so do not risk the credibility of your practical judgment by facetiously asserting that I must be. I do not agree with your assertion about the state of the ancient world. I am tempted to ask how you know this since no god has guaranteed the accuracy of the transmission of the accounts to which you vaguely refer, but that would divert us from a more important point.

Are you claiming that there were a number of persons in the ancient world who claimed to be both gods and men? I do not think a careful reading of the ancient authors will lead to this conclusion. It is my impression, rather, that in most ancient conceptions divine and human were specifically incompatible. Those men who claimed to be gods claimed to be gods instead of men. The tenacity of this understanding is partially responsible for the long and detailed debates about Christology throughout the history of the Church.

St. Paul writes, “There is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus.” (1Timothy (RSV) 2:5; emphasis added.) It is this fact of His manhood which makes possible His mediation between the limited means of knowing, which cloud and frustrate human knowledge, and reality and truth.

If you are claiming that other ancients claimed to be both gods and men, then please give me the specific texts so that I can make an assessment of their import. Certainly I do not believe that such persons were as common as your comment above suggests.

I am not familiar with, “Adwaita Vedanta,” do you have a specific passage or group of citations which I should consider regarding consonance with, “Jesus’ claims?” (It would also be helpful if you could provide some information on the nature of the translations, if any, since the tendency of those whose “religious assumptions are . . . already Christian” to tendentiously translate ancient texts to parallel the truth of the gospel is both understandable and apparently of some concern to you in your considerations of these matters.)

Continued . . .
 
Continued . . .
“Moses spoke to God and related what he understood of his encounters. However, this was a human effort to understand something superhuman. Mohammad is reputed to have spoken to the Angel Gabriel. However, this was a human effort to understand something preternatural. Buddhism is founded on a man’s effort to understand nature through his experiences of it. Etc.”
No one knows who or what Moses “spoke to”. We have legends that say what others claim that Moses claimed. It is claimed that Mohammed claimed to have spoken to the Angel Gabriel, but how could he have possibly vetted the “voice” he supposedly spoke with. Even regarding Jesus, we have only second hand accounts of what He supposedly said, and at best by people who didn’t understand Him.
Christ specifically endorsed Moses’ impression that he spoke to God. Certainly Christ, God, and Moses, as well as all in heaven know this. Your assertion that “no one knows” seems unacceptably limited in a conversation where you know that we do not share your assumptions about the limits of knowledge.

I agree that Mohammed was most likely mistaken. This very difficulty in, “vetting,” his encounter with a preternatural being is precisely the point which I am making. The limitations of human means to know limit the reliability of Mohammed’s understanding of what happened.

With regard to Jesus you are incorrect. We have His assurance that those who transmit His teachings will remember them all and preserve them accurately. This is what we have. You speculate that it may not be what Jesus said, but again, that begs the question, since if it is what Jesus said then we have a firm basis for believing it, the worry that it is not what Jesus said has only human suspicions and insecurity to recommend it. These are not equally balanced considerations. A universally taught and uniform doctrine present in all apostolic Churches is not balanced or outweighed by the human capacity to doubt or feel insecure.

Again, this touches on the basis of our difficulty in this discussion.

Continued . . .
 
Continued . . .
“Thus, one is left with the sole basis of the reliable truth of the faith of the Church being the man Jesus Christ. One must consider, since He claims to personally be God, was He insane, lying, or telling the truth.”
  1. this claim is Adwaita Vedanta
  2. Give C.S. Lewis credit when you quote him.
  3. C.S. Lewis’ quote is a straw man. Those are by no means the only three possible interpretations. Proving the first two false therefore does not prove the third true. Not to mention we don’t know what Jesus actually said. We only know the tradition of what He allegedly said.
In response to, “1),” please show me.

In response to, “2),” thank you for your editing advice, but I did not have Mr. Lewis in mind when I made this argument. I was making the argument independently, as one offers a logical demonstration, not as an appeal to authority or celebrity. In fact, I had in mind the presentation made by Mr. Raymond de Souza, of St. Gabriel Communications International, on EWTN. The series was called, “Jesus Christ: True God and True Man.” However, I suspect that neither Mr. Lewis nor Mr. De Souza were the first to present this argument.

In response to, “3),” I do not see your argument. Those do seem like the only possibilities. Consider it this way: Either Christ’s claims conform to reality or they do not. If they do not and He thought they did, then He was insane. If they do not and He knew that they did not, but said they did anyway, then He is a liar. So, two possibilities, claims true, claims false, and two states of mind, Christ knew, Christ did not know. Logically, there are only four possibilities. But since the fourth, that the claims were true but Christ did not know it, though He said it anyway, is eliminated by the nature of the claim itself, that He is God, we are left with only the three possibilities named: insane, liar, or true God.

It seems to me that all other possible characterizations are mere variations on these three – He was a good liar, He was a, “functioning madman,” and therefore did not look crazy, etc. However, these do not amount to additional possibilities, merely comments on the difficulty of the practical judgment of which of the three possibilities is credible.

What other possibilities are you asserting?

Continued . . .
 
Continued . . .
“Thus, the faith of the Church is founded by God and not on any merely human insight. It is communicated by the Holy Roman Catholic Church, which was established by God as a living means of communication and interpretation, to convey and protect the message delivered by Jesus Christ to mankind. This source of reliability, protected by this means of communication, is thus more reliable than any other source of information about reality (or actuality) available to human understanding, including all strains of “interpretation” applied by communities or scholars outside of the Roman Catholic Church.”
Thus nothing. This is all just accepted tradition by those who are members of the tradition. It is faith, not fact.
There is no denial that the Faith is faith. It is the credit and fidelity given to the man Jesus Christ by believing and relying upon His teachings and in obeying, therefore, His commands. It is also credit and fidelity given to His Holy Catholic Church, which He promised to guide, guarantee, and protect.

Now we may come to the root of our difficulty:

I am unsure what you think a, “fact,” is. The root of the word means, “something made.” Certainly any scientist, lawyer, or reporter appreciates how difficult and sophisticated a job it is to, “make,” or, “establish,” as we usually say, “a fact.” The connections between what we think and what is, “actual,” is so tenuous for human beings that we must sometimes act on the thinnest threads of deduction – which we usually call, “induction.”

In the Faith, all of this human struggle to know things is founded on Christ’s assurance, as the one man who could see over the wall which blocks and limits the vision and ability to know of all other men. This is the sense in which Faith is another avenue of knowledge, in addition to our native human ability to perceive and deduce.

We know the things beyond the wall of human capacities to discover, because we have faith in the One who has the means to look beyond that wall and the reports He gave us of what is there. This is superior to but not wholly different from the way in which we know the things that are below the level of our ability to see with our eyes (or our personal microscopes), by relying on those who have the means to investigate more minutely and trust the reports that they make of what they discern there. It is true that we must trust the ability of the one looking and his goodwill in reporting what he sees. It is also true that we must trust the effectiveness of the systems and institutions established to preserve these reports and to convey them to us in a way that accurately and reliably conveys to our minds what that privileged seer saw, but which we cannot see.

Continued . . .
 
Continued . . .

However, though the Faith and science have some parallels, they are distinct. Science, in the modern English sense, limits itself to those things which can, at least in theory, be repeated by other observers. This is a peculiar privilege of science, which is not shared by most other ways of knowing. Consider a news reporter or other witness to an event or crime. Often what such witnesses see are unique events in the flow of time. Unlike the narrow range of things that science’s privilege limits it to, a witness cannot be, “checked,” by repeating the event to verify the witness’s account. One can look at the traces and consequence of the event, to see if they are consistent or at odds with the witness’s account, but one cannot, “scientifically,” repeat the event to verify the account.

Nevertheless, an eye witness whose account is consistent with the consequences in time of an event, whose claim that a victim was stabbed comports with the finding of a knife wound in the corpse and blood spattered on the walls, can take us to a high degree of confidence in our knowledge of this unrepeatable event. In fact it can take us, “beyond a reasonable doubt,” though as prosecuting lawyers are fond of noting, it cannot take us, “beyond all possible or conceivable doubt.”

Now the very root of our difficulty. On what do we base our confidence that science and eyewitness accounts confirmed by forensic evidence give us any idea of reality in any case? Some say that it cannot. David Hume, the English philosopher and writer, argued that materialistic views of reality can rely on nothing more than sentiment and habits of feeling confident to predict the consequences of any given event or state of things. Hence, he argues, we do not know anything except how we feel and we can have no confidence in our future feelings, because they have no basis for resisting random changes in whatever the world might do, since it is on these unknowable happenings in the unknowable world which are habits and feelings are ultimately based.

The Faith tells us, and the First Vatican Council defined it as a dogma of faith, that God has guaranteed for us the accuracy of our knowing through reason and its ability to say true things about the things other than our feelings which actually and really exist. Hume was mistaken. It is for this reason that science and the testimony of witnesses can be believed as true, and we can morally act on the information which they give us.

However, this connection is fully based on the fidelity and credit given to the testimony of Jesus Christ. It is only accepted by those whose, “assumptions are . . . already Christian.” The ancient pagans did not have this confidence in what they saw. Neither do the modern heathens.

Do you propose any other basis for believing in a connection between what we see, feel, or think and what is real or true?

This is a root question for our discussion, because all of your doubts and challenges to the reliability of the Church’s tradition or the accuracy of the reports of ancient beliefs or teachings turns on this link between human perception and reality or actuality. Hence, it seems to me that all of your objections, if they are to have any force, rely precisely on Christ’s testimony. Hence, they cannot succeed, logically, because to succeed, they must be invalid. (Admittedly this does not say they must be false, but only invalid, that is lacking in all persuasive and rational force.) On the other hand, if Christ is who He said He is, then your objections are valid, but wrong.

Thank you for your stimulating comments. I look forward to your replies to my several enquiries.

Pax Christi nobiscum.

John Hiner
 
Laudetur Iesus Christus.

I am sorry for the several typographical errors in the string of posts above. I hope they do not confuse anyone – typing, “are,” when the sentence clearly calls for, “our,” for example, might be overtaxing the patience of readers. I regret any inconvenience.

Thank you.

Pax Christi vobiscum.

John Hiner
 
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