When Jesus stepped back into time and it was three days later, He wasn’t with the good thief yet, was He?
I think this is a danger in viewing a Heavenly “day” as 24 hours. In Genesis 1, some (particularly American Protestants) take “day” to be 24 hours, even though at first, there was no Earth revolving around a sun (so a 24 hour day would be arbitrary… I mean, what time zone does God fall in?). In any case, no one takes the use of the same word
yom to mean a literal 24-day in the next chapter. Genesis 2:17 warns that if you eat of the forbidden fruit, “that day, you will surely die,” yet Genesis 5:3-5 makes clear that Adam lived a LONG time afterwards.
2 Peter 3:8-9 speaks directly to your concern:
“But do not forget this one thing, dear friends: With the Lord a day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years are like a day. The Lord is not slow in keeping his promise, as some understand slowness. He is patient with you, not wanting anyone to perish, but everyone to come to repentance.”
So Jesus assured the thief that he wouldn’t have to descend into the
limbus patrum to await the Messiah, since the Messiah was next to him: He *wasn’t *trying to say something about the chronology of Heaven, lying as it does outside of space-time.