2. Since, however, it would be very tedious, in such a volume as this, to reckon up the successions of all the Churches, we do put to confusion all those who, in whatever manner, whether by an evil self-pleasing, by vainglory, or by blindness and perverse opinion, assemble in unauthorized meetings; [we do this, I say,] by indicating that tradition derived from the apostles, of the very great, the very ancient, and universally known Church founded and organized at Rome by the two most glorious apostles, Peter and Paul; as also [by pointing out] the faith preached to men, which comes down to our time by means of the successions of the bishops. For it is a matter of necessity that every Church should agree with this Church, on account of its pre- eminent authority everywhere, inasmuch as the apostolic tradition has been preserved continuously by those [faithful men] who exist everywhere.
I am interested in where you got your quote. It is a Philip Schaff translation, but someone has tampered with it and completely changed the intent of what Irenaeus was saying. What you see in blue below is what your source took out.
For it is a matter of necessity that every Church should agree with this Church, on account of its pre- eminent authority, that is, the faithful everywhere, inasmuch as the apostolic tradition has been preserved continuously by those [faithful men] who exist everywhere.
The words that were removed from your source’s rendering give the false impression that Irenaeus claims Rome to possess universal preeminence. The preeminent authority of the church in Rome was a reference to its apostolic origins, not that it was preeminent over all the other churches. Irenaeus said that
it would be very tedious, in such a volume as this, to reckon up the successions of all the Churches, so he chose to use the church in Rome as his example. There are two likely reasons for this: 1) he was a bishop in the jurisdiction of the Roman church. 2) Rome is where the heresies he was refuting were flourishing. Irenaeus could have used Antioch or Alexandria and made the same claim regarding their preeminent authority.
Irenaeus’ point is that the doctrine preached by the apostles and received by the church is the same throughout the world. All the faithful must agree with the church in Rome because it was founded by apostles and the doctrines they preached were preserved and passed down. Likewise, All the faithful must agree with the church in Antioch because it was founded by apostles and the doctrines they preached were preserved and passed down. And so on. Irenaeus’ argument makes no sense unless the
preeminence is also applied to other churches besides Rome. If all churches were bound to confer to Rome, it would be absurd for Irenaeus to say,
it would be very tedious… to reckon up the successions of all the Churches.
What you will also notice about this quote from Irenaeus is that he gives the succession of bishops in the Roman church and doesn’t list Peter among them. He clearly stated that Peter and Paul founded the church and, as the apostles always did, placed it in the hands of one of their choosing, in this case, Linus, the first bishop of the church in Rome. If Peter was the fist bishop of Rome, as you guys claim he was, Irenaeus certainly wasn’t aware of it.
There are at least three major events that discredit the claim that Rome held universal preeminence. The first is in the way Ignatius handled the transition of his office in Antioch. While on his way to martyrdom, Ignatius placed Polycarp in charge of filling the vacancy of the bishopric in the church in Antioch, the preeminent patriarchal church in the region of Syria. Certainly if Rome held universal jurisdiction, Ignatius would not have bypassed that authority.
Another factor is when Polycarp journeyed to Rome and tried to convince Anicetus to calibrate the Passover according to the apostle’s doctrine, which he knew fist hand. Anicetus, however, chose to keep the custom of his predecessors, and clearly demonstrated that he had no authority over Polycarp or the churches of Asia Minor. And out of respect for Polycarp’s preeminence, Irenaeus said, “
Anicetus conceded the administration of the Eucharist in the church to Polycarp, manifestly as a mark of respect.” (Eusebius, E.H. 5:24)
Again we find the church in Rome sitting on the sidelines during the biggest scandal to hit the church prior to Arius. When Paul of Samosata was deposed of his office as bishop of Antioch, Rome was only informed of the action taken by the council after the fact.
And even as late as the early fourth century when Constantine called all the bishops to come together and meet in Nicea, Rome was said to have jurisdiction in its own region as it always had. Not jurisdiction over the whole church.
So there is nothing to tie Rome to universal jurisdiction in the early church except fare-reaching conjectures and dishonest manipulation of primary sources. You should also keep in mind that these words of Irenaeus are from a Latin translation of the original Greek, which is not extant.