AP -
“Here is the problem.
In the English language this passage is wonderfully ambiguous. I, from reading this passage, can not determine with certainty what
this rock is.”
Lapey –
The English language has very little to do with this issue. It only matters what could have transpired, or probably transpired on that day. How does a conclusion come to be, but by tradition. Paul spoke many times of “what was passed on to him”. He was not speaking of scripture alone.
Sacred tradition and scripture match if you put it in context. This scene is a group of followers and Jesus, alone outside of an official site, i.e. synagogue or anywhere like a public square. I live in south Louisiana where the first language is Cajun French for many of the older generation and for almost all a hundred or so years ago, it is dying out now sadly. My point is when these older members of our community get together in a non official environment Cajun French is all they speak. If you are like me who only understands a little it’s just too bad keep up the best you can. I am sure that in this setting, my guess and scholars mostly affirm this, they would have been speaking Aramaic; not Greek.
There is still dispute as to the language that the Gospel of Matthew was originally written. There are manuscripts of the same age written both Aramaic and Greek.
AP -
“Some Protestants will point to the passage where Jesus is the cornerstone as a prooftext that this can not be Peter. However, since
rock is clearly a metaphor, this prooftext proves nothing. It is certainly possible that Jesus can be the rock in one metaphorical sense while Peter can be the rock in another metaphorical sense.”
Lapey –
I agree that proof texting can be dangerous, especially when you go into a task to prove something wrong, like tradition. The reason I say this is because you go into the process of research with a preconceived notion that tradition means nothing, and Paul’s writings say otherwise. There are many places in scripture that demonstrate the primacy of Peter, but if you go into the study of these scriptures with the notion that this is not what is meant, then guess what, you will find proof to back up your misguided work.
AP -
“So you have to turn to the original languages. And from my perspective, experts in the original languages disagree on this passage. So then it reduces to which expert do you choose to believe.

”
Lapey –
I choose to believe the ones that agree with the tradition that has been handed down with apostolic succession. The Word of God is not only written scripture, but also tradition. When you come to understand that the tradition has been handed down and protected for all these years the truth will become apparent. Even as a Catholic in my younger days I questioned all these teachings probably for the same as many others here, I listened to the world telling me these traditions were the “traditions of men” spoken of in scripture. When the whole time I ignored the fact that I was being taught the tradition of God, as part of His Word! The Pharisees were teaching the “traditions of men” and the apostles taught and passed on through the centuries the traditions of God.
AP -
“However, even if Peter is the rock in this passage (which is possible), that is the only conclusion that one may safely draw. You still have to make several leaps before you can safely conclude that the Catholic church of today, headed by the Pope in Rome, is exclusively
the church of Jesus Christ.”
Lapey –
The leap comes when you choose not to believe this. History is on the side of the Church. But your use of the word “exclusively” implies that Roman Catholic Church members are the only heirs to salvation through Jesus Christ, that is not the truth nor does the Church teach this. In this scripture that the OP brought up originally, Jesus hands the Keys to Peter, and tells him the gates of the netherworld shall not prevail means that Jesus has entrusted the free gift of salvation to flow through Peter and the Church that Christ is establishing. All are offered this free gift that Jesus provides us, but He dictated that His saving Grace flows through His Church; the Catholic Church, all Rites in communion with Rome.
To use your words, here is the problem, when studying anything scriptural you cannot discount tradition. Scripture alone, “sola-scriptura” is a false teaching because it removes part of the Word of God. Read the scripture about wolves in sheep’s clothing, Matthew 7:13-16;
"Enter through the narrow gate; for the gate is wide and the road broad that leads to destruction, and those who enter through it are many.
How narrow the gate and constricted the road that leads to life. And those who find it are few.
"Beware of false prophets, who come to you in sheep’s clothing, but underneath are ravenous wolves.
By their fruits you will know them. Do people pick grapes from thornbushes, or figs from thistles?”
Who is Jesus speaking to here? He is speaking to the group who began what all of us call our church today. The only way to see truthfully which is the Church, is to look at history and tradition, and both point to Rome. If Jesus is speaking of the Catholic Church, then He is warning me about “sola scriptura” teachers because He tells me that the road to life is constricted and the gate is narrow. Have there been bad people watching the gate? Yes! Does that make His Church evil? No! Beware of false prophets who come in sheep’s clothing, they are ravenous wolves; we have seen many ravenous wolves visit this site and will see many more, all claim to speak with love and in the name of His Church. Is the church you speak of the one that Jesus was speaking to in these scripture passages in Matthew?