Casting lots was a method used by the Jews and early Christians to determine the will of God when the decisions of men would be considered suspect/biased. Lots could be sticks with markings, stones with symbols, or anything else that would suffice were thrown into a small area and then the result was interpreted.
Even though this was considered acceptable in certain situations it was generally forbidden for it to be used on a regular basis amongst the general population. Its use was usually confined to situations where there were competing areas of interest and others would have self interest to support one side or the other rather than be completely objective. The casting of lots was considered to be an objective manner of settling the dispute and allowing God to guide to the decision (Proverbs 18:18).
Tarot generally contains a non-biblical spirituality and usually has a much greater goal than simply dividing an inheritance or determining which animal to sacrifice. Essentially tarot cards act as a replacement for prayer, reflection, and searching the Scriptures to guide our lives.