And David arose, and went with all the people that were with him from Baale of Judah, to bring up from thence the ark of God, whose name is called by the name of the LORD of hosts that dwelleth between the cherubims. And they set the ark of God upon a new cart, and brought it out of the house of Abinadab that was in Gibeah: and Uzzah and Ahio, the sons of Abinadab, drave the new cart. And they brought it out of the house of Abinadab which was at Gibeah, accompanying the ark of God: and Ahio went before the ark. And David and all the house of Israel played before the LORD on all manner of instruments made of fir wood, even on harps, and on psalteries, and on timbrels, and on cornets, and on cymbals. And when they came to Nachon’s threshingfloor, Uzzah put forth his hand to the ark of God, and took hold of it; for the oxen shook it. And the anger of the LORD was kindled against Uzzah; and God smote him there for his error; and there he died by the ark of God. (2 Samuel 6:2-7)
While I understand that the Ark of the Covenant was an embodiment of God’s presence with the Israelites, that if someone approached the Ark then such a person would effectively be in God’s presence, and that there were certain commandments concerning presentation and handling of the Ark, I do not understand why God is so unmerciful when it comes to Uzzah touching the Ark.
As I read the text, no matter what translation, it appears to me that Uzzah only touched the only in order to protect it and prevent it from falling off the cart “for the oxen shook it.” It appears that Uzzah is punished with death for something that would and could be easily interpreted as a potentially meritorious action. Sure, such an interpretation would be by 21st-century Gentile American standards and not the standards of the Israelites or early Jews – which is why it seems the author of the text or subsequent Jews have little to no “problem” with the punishment – but, I have to ask as a 21st-century Gentile American: Would God rather have the Ark literally fall off the cart and lay on the ground for all eternity?