Would it be more accurate to say that Jerusalem was the first place of primacy, and then Rome?
ignatiusinsight.com/features2005/ratzinger_succession_apr05.asp
Who recognized Antioch as Peter’s See with the Early Fathers, Ecumenical Councils, or in theology the school dates from around 250 forward.
Also
Ancient ranking of sees
before Constantinople
Rome
Alexandria
Antioch
Jerusalem
after Constantinople
Rome
Constantinople
Alexandria
Antioch
Jerusalem
Did you find the patristic “Christian” writing on first among equals? Are you saying St Peter in Rome is now in charge of Antioch and Jerusalem. But he left you guys with a Bishop and “your own” responsibility and position of authority. But he [Peter] moved on to Rome.
It is disputed whether the image of the keys and that of binding and loosing are different metaphors meaning the same thing.
In any case, the promise of the keys is given to Peter alone.
“I don’t agree that Peter has a particular role that is substantially different from that of the other apostles, who likewise preached the faith as he did, established churches as he did, served as bishops as he did, ordained bishops to carry on after their departures, etc.”
Beyond the grammatical evidence, the structure of the narrative does not allow for a downplaying of Peter’s role in the Church. Look at the way Matthew 16:15-19 is structured. After Peter gives a confession about the identity of Jesus, the Lord does the same in return for Peter. Jesus does not say, “Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jona! For flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but my Father who is in heaven. And I tell you, you are an insignificant pebble and on this rock I will build my Church. . . . I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven.” Jesus is giving Peter a three-fold blessing, including the gift of the keys to the kingdom, not undermining his authority. To say that Jesus is downplaying Peter flies in the face of the context. Jesus is installing Peter as a form of chief steward or prime minister under the King of Kings by giving him the keys to the kingdom. As can be seen in Isaiah 22:22, kings in the Old Testament appointed a chief steward to serve under them in a position of great authority to rule over the inhabitants of the kingdom. Jesus quotes almost verbatum from this passage in Isaiah, and so it is clear what he has in mind. He is raising Peter up as a father figure to the household of faith (Is. 22:21), to lead them and guide the flock (John 21:15-17). This authority of the prime minister under the king was passed on from one man to another down through the ages by the giving of the keys, which were worn on the shoulder as a sign of authority. Likewise, the authority of Peter has been passed down for 2000 years by means of the papacy.
Karl Keating
Some agree with this on this thread, but no consensus.
“Antioch is not the See of the Successor of Saint Peter. Rome is. Saint Peter’s cathedra was settled in Roma.”
vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/audiences/alpha/data/aud19930127en.html
“On the basis of this tradition, Vatican I also defined: “The Roman Pontiff is the successor of blessed Peter in the same primacy” (DS 3058). The definition binds the primacy of Peter and his successors to the See of Rome, which cannot be replaced by any other see. However, it can happen that, due to circumstances of the times or for particular reasons, the bishops of Rome take up residence temporarily in places other than the Eternal City. Certainly, a city’s political condition can change extensively and profoundly over centuries. But it remains, as is the case with Rome, a determinate space to which an institution such as an episcopal see is always referred–in the case of Rome, the See of Peter.”
“For Catholics, the fact that the new name for Simon is Peter is in fact itself very significant. In the Old Testament God is frequently referred to as a Rock or stone. Jesus refers to himself as the cornerstone. The Book of Daniel contains a prophecy that a Rock or stone from the mountain of God (heaven) will come down to earth and destroy the pagan kings. The rock will then grow itself until it covers the entire earth. Protestants consider this prophecy to allude to the end times but Catholics consider the prophecy to refer specifically to Jesus as the Rock from Heaven. Further, Catholics see the fact that the Rock does not leave but stays to until it covers the entire earth to mean that the Church, built of the Rock of Peter, is the body of Christ, the Rock from Heaven, and that the Rock will eventually cover the entire Earth which is why the term Catholic (universal or worldwide) is the most common designation for the Catholic Church”.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primacy_of_Peter
The power of binding and loosing belonged to all priests, the power of the keys — authority to open and shut — was proper to the supreme pontiff; and that this expression signified his authority to rule the Church, to define dogma, to legislate, and to dispense from laws.
“The Bible uses a key as a symbol of authority. In Isaiah 22:22, we see Eliakim the priest receiving “the key of the house of David…on his shoulder.” Revelation 3:7 uses similar symbolism. A trusted servant to the king wore the key to the king’s house on a hook on his shoulder. Therefore, he had the authority to open or close the king’s house.” USCCB
newadvent.org/cathen/08631b.htm