Reuben,
Our Lord Jesus spoke
Koine Greek, a Semitic Expression of Greek. Koine Greek is like Yiddish as it has many loan words from Hebrew or Aramaic. This Koine Greek was the lingua franca of the East Roman or Byzantine Empire, especially the land of Palestine. This was due to the conquest of the East by Alexander the Great. The Jewish people translated the Old Testament into Greek and this translation is called LXX or Septuagint.
Our Lord Jesus quoted extensively from the LXX version of the Old Testament and not the Hebrew version.
The easiest way to discover the language of our Lord is by checking the Old Testament verses he quoted during Torah discussions he had with the Saducees and the Pharisees. You will note that Jesus had only three choices of Old Testament text to quote from :
- LXX / Septuagint ( Saducee Text )
- Dead Sea Scrolls ( Essene Text )
- Masoretic Text ( Pharisee Text )
Since Hebrew was a dead language, dead as a dodo until it was revived in 1948 C.E., it is unlikely our Lord Jesus spoke Hebrew in the 1st century C.E. He could have spoken only Koine Greek, which was the lingua franca of the Roman-Byzantine Empire.
So, we have no choice but to conclude that our Lord and His Apostle Paul used the LXX. In fact, Catholic Church accepts the LXX as the authoritative Bible. It was the Protestant revolt led by Martin Luther that changed the canon from Greek to Hebrew when he expunged the deuterocanonical books.
This is why the New Testament is revealed in the Greek text, not Aramaic text.
This is my 2 cents. Feel free to tell me your reactions, whether positive or negative. Do you agree that our Lord spoke Koine Greek, the language of the New Testament and the East Roman Byzantine Empire?