Where does it state they have to absolute know the Church is the truth? You’re forgetting one important thing, all people having heard of Christ and his Church are bound by moral obligation to investigate the truth, if they fail to do so they are not invincibly ignorant. And if they do investigate and fail to accept the Church, they are not invincibly ignorant.
Your definition of who’s to be damned seems as though a majority of people goto heaven, which contradicts what our Lord said in saying most people will be on the path of destruction and few will find the path of life.
I am just interpreting what the Catechism is saying with this sentence. Damnation applies to those who know the Church to be what she claims to be and yet still reject her. An appropriate analogy would be the Devil: he knows God is God, and yet in his pride he refuses to obey God’s will.
In the passage under question, there is no mention of there being a moral obligation for those who have heard the Church’s claim to investigate that claim.
First of all, what about those who never get the chance to hear that claim in the first place? Who never get the choice to investigate it or not? Would a just and merciful God exclude such people from salvation? I think we can agree can that this is a case of invincible ignorance.
Now, what if they do investigate the claim and yet still reject the Church? Whether they are damned, I believe, depends on their
motive for rejecting the Church’s claim about herself.
There are indeed those who reject the Church because they wish to evade the Church’s moral demands upon them.
But there are also those who reject the Church’s claim because they simply cannot intellectually accept it. The Church’s claim simply does not make sense to them. These same people sincerely seek to lead a moral life, to follow God’s will as they understand it, so their motive for rejecting the Church’s claim is not because they wish to persist in immorality, not because they wish to remain in rebellion to God.
There are even those who reject the Church because of the
bad example of Christians. They reject it sincerely because of this reason and are not merely using Christian hypocrisy as an excuse when what they actually want to do is to persist in immorality.
As I said faith is a gift. No one comes to the Son who has not been called by the Father.
I make no presumptions about whether the number of those saved is many or few (though I seem to have just heard in the new translation of the Mass that “many” are saved).
I would venture that the majority of non-Catholics who find themselves damned are so because they broke natural moral law (God
has given them the grace to know right from wrong), not because they did not give intellectual assent to the Church’s claim about herself.
Conversely, there are many non-Catholics who lead moral lives in conformity to God’s will as they understand it and do a better job of this than many Catholics do. As the Gospel says, it does not matter ultimately whether you say “Yes” to God; what matters is whether you actually do His will.