Take for example, a specific case in the papal bull Exsurge Domine which condemned theteachings of Martin Luther and other Protestants:
The following was condemned:
23. Excommunications are only external penalties and they do not deprive man of the common spiritual prayers of the Church.
Now is that declaration (which is a condemnation) (#23) part of the Ordinary Magisterium of the Roman Catholic church or not?
There is no merit gained in the state of mortal sin, but still others prayers may be helpful. An* external penalty* is different than a guilt.
When a Catholic is guilty of a mortal sin that has the penalty of excommunication associated with it, like abortion, then two actions are required to resolve it: the absolution of the sin, and lifting the penalty of excommunication. The diocesan bishop has authority to remit the automatic excommunication imposed for an abortion. The remission occurs in the Sacrament of Penance. One may have the absolution from a priest and later receive the bishops release from excommunication. The bishop in turn may delegate this authority to priest confessors.
These are the categories of teaching:
Extraordinary Magisterium
- Pope defining and proclaiming a doctrine definitively
…a. Infallible: a truth of faith or morals. *
…b. Non-Infallible: all other instances of teaching on faith or morals.
- What has been proclaimed is not subject to review or approval by the other bishops or the faithful, but is guaranteed infallible through the action of the Holy Spirit (and the assent of the Church will eventually be evident).
- Pope and bishops teaching when in council
…a. Infallible: proclaiming a truth.
…b. Non-Infallible: all other instances of teaching on faith or morals.
Ordinary Magisterium
- Pope and bishops teaching while dispersed throughout the world
…a. Infallible: bishops teaching in harmony a truth that they say must be held definitively by all the faithful.
…b. Non-Infallible: all other instances of teaching on faith or morals.
References:
Vatican I
Vatican II, Lumen Gentium 25
The Gift of Infallibility by Bishop Gasser, Rev. James O’Connor, p 120-123.
And
Donum Veritatis, excerpt below:
- When the Magisterium of the Church makes an infallible pronouncement and solemnly declares that a teaching is found in Revelation, the assent called for is that of theological faith. This kind of adherence is to be given even to the teaching of the ordinary and universal Magisterium when it proposes for belief a teaching of faith as divinely revealed.
When the Magisterium proposes “in a definitive way” truths concerning faith and morals, which, even if not divinely revealed, are nevertheless strictly and intimately connected with Revelation, these must be firmly accepted and held.(22)
When the Magisterium, not intending to act “definitively”, teaches a doctrine to aid a better understanding of Revelation and make explicit its contents, or to recall how some teaching is in conformity with the truths of faith, or finally to guard against ideas that are incompatible with these truths, the response called for is that of the religious submission of will and intellect.(23) This kind of response cannot be simply exterior or disciplinary but must be understood within the logic of faith and under the impulse of obedience to the faith.
(15) Cf. Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium, n. 25; Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Decl. Mysterium Ecclesiae, nn. 3-5: AAS 65 ( 1973) 400-404; Professio fidei et Iusiurandum fidelitatis AAS 81 (1989) 104 f.
(22) The text of the new Profession of Faith (cf. n. 15 ) makes explicit the kind of assent called for by these teachings in these terms: “Firmiter etiam amplector et retineo. …”.
(23) Cf. Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium, n. 25; Code of Canon Law, can. 752.
vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19900524_theologian-vocation_en.html