Is it impossible for filation or procession to have also occurred in a fourth person, just one not yet revealed to us?
Also how do we know these are the only three personal notions? Is it that they looked at the three persons and then worked backward from there, or that they have a complete understanding of the Godhead and how it works to eliminate any other notions? Considering that the Church itself calls the Trinity a mystery I can’t imagine that it is the latter.
The Trinity is based upon the revelation at the baptism of Jesus Christ in the Jordan when the Holy Spirit descended upon him like a dove, and the heavens open and the Father’s voice was heard: “You are my beloved Son; with you I am well pleased” (Mk 1:11) Also, Matthew 16 has Jesus’s statement to Simon Peter on identity, which is one of many:
15 Jesus saith to them: But whom do you say that I am? 16 Simon Peter answered and said: Thou art Christ, the Son of the living God. 17 And Jesus answering, said to him: Blessed art thou, Simon Bar-Jona: because flesh and blood hath not revealed it to thee, but my Father who is in heaven. 18 And I say to thee: That thou art Peter; and upon this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.
There is also specific mention of the Trinity in Matthew 28:19, after the resurrection of Jesus:
18 Then Jesus approached and said to them, “All power in heaven and on earth has been given to me.19 Go, therefore, and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the holy Spirit,
GENERAL CATECHETICAL DIRECTORY*
43 in the message of salvation there is a certain hierarchy of truths (cf. UR, 11), which the Church has always recognised when it composed creeds or summaries of the truths of faith. This hierarchy does not mean that some truths pertain 10 faith itself less than others, but rather that some truths are based on others as of a higher priority, and are illumined by them.
On all levels catechesis should take account of this hierarchy of the truths of faith.
These truths may be grouped under four basic heads:
- the mystery of God the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, Creator of ail things; * the mystery of Christ the incarnate Word, who was born of the Virgin Mary, and who suffered, died, and rose for our salvation; * the mystery of the Holy Spirit, who is present in the Church, sanctifying it and guiding it until the glorious coming of Christ, our Savior and Judge; * and the mystery of the Church, which is Christ’s Mystical Body, in which the Virgin Mary holds the pre-eminent place.