The Liturgy of the Hours (LOTH) is the prayer of the Church. It falls second only to the Mass/Divine Liturgy. The Rosary is a private devotion that warrants its own respect as a tool of our Blessed Mother. But the Rosary has it’s origen from the LOTH. Folks used to not typically be able to read and books were rare to begin with and expensive to make. So the prayer beads taken from the East were incorporated to help them recite prayers…typically Psalms… Religious would memorize and recites the Psalms daily. There is lots of conjecture on this subject but historically the Rosary is a simplified private devotion to medicate on the mysteries of the life, death and resurection of Christ.
I agree with everything you have stated here. I have posted the same comments in the past.
The rosary began as 150 Our Father prayers, in imitation of the 150 Psalms the monastics would recite.
So why don’t we see more Catholics and hopefully non-Catholics praying the Liturgy of the Hours? It is awesome.
It is quite true most Latin Catholics do not pray the LOTH. It should be remembered however, that the practice was not encouraged in the west for the laity at the parish level for a great many centuries. Instead, daily Mass was encouraged. There was also the high illiteracy rate, which meant that the average parishioner could not be expected to pray in a manner they could not memorize.
The LOTH was primarily a monastic tradition and for many centuries one would be exposed to it only by visiting a monastery, unless one was an oblate. The Canons at cathedrals kept the hours and visitors to cathedrals could witness it there.
Parish priests in the west were, over time, more and more like “priest-monks” and they would say the hours alone at the parish. They were also very inclined to drop the practice, so the church found it necessary to encourage, or even mandate the recitation of the hours by priests. That is the primary reason for the breviary. It is a condensed and edited book or books that can be followed privately and carried about more easily. In the high middle ages upper class men and women took up the breviary for themselves. There are several examples of private hand copied editions from the era in museums.
In the east the situation was quite different and the practice developed differently. The east did not traditionally have a breviary until Latin missionaries brought the item with them. The practice was always communal and usually extended to the parish level.
Even during the “Dark Ages” (experienced in northern Europe mostly) the literacy level in the eastern Mediterranean region was much higher and the economy was more advanced. This both for the Christian areas and those areas under the Muslims. The practice of saying the hours was a public communal one, intended for everyone. That was a continuation of the practice under the Roman Christian state, and supposedly from the era before legalization of Christianity.
Even today one would find it difficult to adapt common eastern forms of the Hours to the private use more common in the west, many have attempted it and there are examples on the internet. I did my own set too, it was an amalgam of the LOTH structure with Byzantine prayers. But it wasn’t authentic and I kept revising it.
There has been a movement to return the Hours to practice in the parishes of the Latin church. It has met with lackluster response in the parishes I have known about but I think it is a good idea. Many Eastern Catholic parishes are restoring the public recitation of the Hours as well, but it is not something I would call a “movement”, as there seems to be a considerable resistance to it these days.
Michael