G
gurrato_alaien
Guest
Muslims Contributions to Medicine
I will try to post brief Biographies and theories of famous Muslim physicians and scientists, and show their great achievements, and present what they have added to Medicine since their time and until these days .
INTRODUTION
written by Ghazi M. Al-Hachim, PhD
Ten centuries ago, the Muslim Empire was at its zenith ;its various parts vying with one another in producing intellectual giants in every branch of art and science. Many of these great men practiced in the field of healing arts, and their works became the basis on which modern medicine has been founded .without them ,we would not have seen the progress that we take for granted today in various branches of health and medicine all over the world. These great men of thought were active in many of the branches of medicine that are practiced today, such as ophthalmology, anatomy, internal medicine, psychiatry and preventive medicine. It is only nowadays that western doctors are beginning to acknowledge the debt that is owed to these early Muslim scholars.
1)Ibn Al-Khatib(1313-1374)
Ibn Al-Khatib was one of the earliest of these scholars. He lived in Granada, Spain and his most famous work is on the theory of infection:
‘There are those who ask," How can we allow for possibility of infection?"
We reply that the existence of contagion is established by experience, investigation, the evidence of the senses and trustworthy reports. These facts create a sound argument, so that the fact of infection becomes clear to the investigator, who notices how those in contact with afflicted people get the disease, whereas those not in contacts remain safe. The investigator also sees how transmission occurs through clothing, cups, and earnings.’
2-Mohammed Ibn Zakaria ‘Rhazes’(841-926)
Mohammed Ibn Zakaria Alrazi was a Hakim; an alchemist and a philosopher .In medicine ,his contributions were so significant that they can only be compared to those of Ibn Sina .Some of his works in medicine , e.g.: Kitab al-Mansoori, Al-Hawi, Kitab al-Mulooki and kitab al-Judari wa al-Hasabah, earned him everlasting fame. Kitab al-Mansuri, which was translated into Latin in the 15th century AD, was in ten volumes and dealt exhaustively with Graeco-Arab medicine. Some of its volumes were published separately in Europe. Al-Judari wal Hasabah was the first treatise on smallpox, measles, scarlet fever and chicken-pox, and is largely based on Razi’s original contributions .It was translated into various European languages , and was the first to describe clinical differences between chicken-pox and measles so vividly that nothing since has been added .His book on children’s diseases is regarded as the first of its kind
3)Abul Qassim Al-Zahrawi ‘Albucasis’
He is best known for his breakthroughs In surgery as well as for his famous Medical Encyclopedia called Al-Tsrif- thirty volumes covering different aspects of medical science .This contained three books on surgery , which describe in detail various surgical procedures including cauterization ,amputation in the cases of gangrene and cancer ,lithotomy , craniotomy ,removal of stones from the bladder , dissection ,midwifery , and surgery of the eye ,ear and throat . He perfected several delicates operations, including amputation, and instrumental delivery of foetus in childbirth.
Al-Tasrif was first translated by Gherado de Cremona into Latin in the Middle ages. The book contains around one hundred diagrams and illustrations of surgical instruments, in use or developed by him, and comprised a part of medical curriculum in European countries for many countries.
Al-Zahrawi was also a dental expert and his book contains sketches of various instruments used .in addition to a description of various dental operations .He discussed how to rectify non-aligned teeth, and how to prepare artificial teeth to replace them
To be cont…
I will try to post brief Biographies and theories of famous Muslim physicians and scientists, and show their great achievements, and present what they have added to Medicine since their time and until these days .
INTRODUTION
written by Ghazi M. Al-Hachim, PhD
Ten centuries ago, the Muslim Empire was at its zenith ;its various parts vying with one another in producing intellectual giants in every branch of art and science. Many of these great men practiced in the field of healing arts, and their works became the basis on which modern medicine has been founded .without them ,we would not have seen the progress that we take for granted today in various branches of health and medicine all over the world. These great men of thought were active in many of the branches of medicine that are practiced today, such as ophthalmology, anatomy, internal medicine, psychiatry and preventive medicine. It is only nowadays that western doctors are beginning to acknowledge the debt that is owed to these early Muslim scholars.
1)Ibn Al-Khatib(1313-1374)
Ibn Al-Khatib was one of the earliest of these scholars. He lived in Granada, Spain and his most famous work is on the theory of infection:
‘There are those who ask," How can we allow for possibility of infection?"
We reply that the existence of contagion is established by experience, investigation, the evidence of the senses and trustworthy reports. These facts create a sound argument, so that the fact of infection becomes clear to the investigator, who notices how those in contact with afflicted people get the disease, whereas those not in contacts remain safe. The investigator also sees how transmission occurs through clothing, cups, and earnings.’
2-Mohammed Ibn Zakaria ‘Rhazes’(841-926)
Mohammed Ibn Zakaria Alrazi was a Hakim; an alchemist and a philosopher .In medicine ,his contributions were so significant that they can only be compared to those of Ibn Sina .Some of his works in medicine , e.g.: Kitab al-Mansoori, Al-Hawi, Kitab al-Mulooki and kitab al-Judari wa al-Hasabah, earned him everlasting fame. Kitab al-Mansuri, which was translated into Latin in the 15th century AD, was in ten volumes and dealt exhaustively with Graeco-Arab medicine. Some of its volumes were published separately in Europe. Al-Judari wal Hasabah was the first treatise on smallpox, measles, scarlet fever and chicken-pox, and is largely based on Razi’s original contributions .It was translated into various European languages , and was the first to describe clinical differences between chicken-pox and measles so vividly that nothing since has been added .His book on children’s diseases is regarded as the first of its kind
3)Abul Qassim Al-Zahrawi ‘Albucasis’
He is best known for his breakthroughs In surgery as well as for his famous Medical Encyclopedia called Al-Tsrif- thirty volumes covering different aspects of medical science .This contained three books on surgery , which describe in detail various surgical procedures including cauterization ,amputation in the cases of gangrene and cancer ,lithotomy , craniotomy ,removal of stones from the bladder , dissection ,midwifery , and surgery of the eye ,ear and throat . He perfected several delicates operations, including amputation, and instrumental delivery of foetus in childbirth.
Al-Tasrif was first translated by Gherado de Cremona into Latin in the Middle ages. The book contains around one hundred diagrams and illustrations of surgical instruments, in use or developed by him, and comprised a part of medical curriculum in European countries for many countries.
Al-Zahrawi was also a dental expert and his book contains sketches of various instruments used .in addition to a description of various dental operations .He discussed how to rectify non-aligned teeth, and how to prepare artificial teeth to replace them
To be cont…
