Matthew 25 can also apply to a welfare state because essential a welfare state serves those functions on a public instead of a private level. If one pays taxes to a welfare state, and does so cheerfully, one can regard them doing a loving, charitable act, but if one does it reluctantly then the act of financially supporting the welfare state would be devoid of any virtue.
I would prefer a welfare state to private charity, simply because the former is more effective. Personally, private charity gets me dejected because I am often too tough on myself; resentful that my meager charitable acts do not have much measurable impact on the world. I would gladly be relieved of my personal “responsibility” of providing for the poor domestically, since it is a source of frustration due to my personal inefficacy, while welcoming it as a collective burden. When living in an extensive welfare state, my moral responsibilities have not completely evaporated, I would still have the burden of not only financially supporting the state, but I also would have to fervently commit my intellect to relentless defending the system and treating my fellow citizens with respect, amity, and friendship while not being judgmental on the unfortunate. I must never castigate a fellow citizen who is suffering from misfortune for an alleged lack of “personal responsibility” nor harbor any prejudice about him/her being lazy from self-righteous condescending attitude, instead I would be expected to cheerfully extend an attitude of sympathy and benevolence along with financial support through the apparatus of the state, to him or her. But I would expect my fellow citizens to reciprocate the same attitude, with the assistance of a repressive culture and inculcation, towards me and other citizens, and share the same concern for their welfare too.