There are all sorts of interpretations of these verses. The main point to know is that whatever they mean, there is no doctrine of the Jewish religion based on them. “Fallen angels,” whatever they are, are not demons or Satan, and have no existence that opposes the will of God. Satan in Judaism is not an angel that rebels against God’s will (a Christian concept), it is something else entirely.
It has even been suggested – though I don’t know who by – that the six-pointed star was taken over by the medieval Cabbalists from the Templars.
The symbol goes way back in Catholicism as a symbol of the Trinity and Creation. God making Man in the image in likeness of the Holy Trinity and His covenant with Man.
The pattern is often seen in nature, especially snowflakes, of which all are unique; take a look at these photographs of snowflakes…
The fitness of Torah scrolls is the domain of the Sofer, a scribe who has years of specialized training in the laws and artistic techniques of writing and repairing Torah scrolls. Typically, a scroll will be double-checked for accuracy after it is written, and then checked in its entirety every once in a while (maybe every decade?) for problems like degraded letters. Additionally, an experienced Torah reader will be looking at the text for errors or problems every Sabbath as he is reading it. On rare occasions the Torah reading will stop in the middle because a potential problem has been discovered in the text.
If a serious problem is found in the scroll, most synagogues will be able to use another one to finish the reading. Most places have at least two Torah scrolls and often three or more. As stated above, the repair must be done by a qualified expert. A Sofer will have apprenticed with a senior Sofer and received something called, interestingly enough, a “kabbalah”. (Ritual slaughterers also get kabbalahs.) The word Kabbalah in Hebrew literally means “something that is received” and indicates the person has “received” enough knowledge to be an expert. The esoteric or mystical teachings of Judaism are called Kabbalah because it is received knowledge passed privately from master to disciple. In Talmudic literature, “words of kabbalah” is a phrase used to indicate any tradition received from the Prophets, not necessarily anything esoteric.
One can find it in Catholic architecture if one looks carefully. Here are a couple of obvious one, the Basilica of Santa Croce (Holy Cross) in Florence, Italy; the basilica dates back to the Middle Ages though the facade was designed by architect Niccolò Matas (1798 – 1872) who is also buried there. Incidentally that is the same Church where Michelangelo is buried. The star is also prominent at the Basilica of the Immaculate Conception in Washington, DC, as well as on the facade of the cathedral in Valencia, Spain…
They are metaphysical entities under God’s domain that are designed to do His bidding. They have no independent will; they are part of the “spiritual” system of the way the world works as set up by God.
There is a disputed concept in Judaism where some say God delegated certain powers to lesser angels who influenced/had control over other nations, and these nations worshipped the angels as gods. But they aren’t real gods because they have no power independent of God, and it is forbidden to worship them.
Noahides are great, they are the definition of the “righteous among nations” and fulfill their highest purpose by believing in God and Torah and following the universal laws given to humankind.
Controversial question! And I’m still trying to figure out the answer myself. The non-PC answer is that thinking a man is the physical manifestation of God - corporealism - is without a doubt idolatry according to Judaism. However, I’m not convinced that excludes Christians from the category of Noahides. It’s complicated.