@Margaret_Ann
Thank you for sharing, Margaret. Have never seen a segregated factory. Ridiculous practice.
My working life began in the collieries of the Rhondda. It was illegal for women to work underground, which meant they could work only in the offices, or as nurses.
Initial training was carried out at National Colliery, in Wattstown (you can find a description of it on-line). This was a working colliery, that had a training district underground.
On my first day, ten trainees were loaded into the cage, along with two trainers. One of the trainers looked at us and said: ‘Now don’t forget, lads, keep your mouths wide open as we descend, this will stop your eardrums from exploding.’ So there we all were, descending 1500 feet with our mouths gaping. In the gloom, I could see the shoulders of the two trainers – who had turned away – shaking. I thought it was the movement of the cage, but – of course – they were laughing…at us!
I was selected to work with a ‘rider’ – a man who travelled the roadways with each journey of coal tubs (drams). We walked about five hundred yards to the haulage engine (a fixed machine with drums and cables; used to pull the drams). The engine-driver tried to start the machine (driven by compressed air called ‘blast’). Nothing happened. He peered down a tube, and then handed me a bucket; with instructions that I return to pit bottom to get the bucket filled with ‘blast’; ‘To top off the engine, see, and get it working.’ I set off, feeling very important to have been given the task.
When I arrive at pit bottom, the man in charge of that area asked me what I wanted. I told him.
Without a flicker, he took the bucket and set in on a bench near a compressed air outlet. He took the pipe, and began to fill the bucket – slowly, from bottom to top, gently easing the pressure as he approached the rim. He tapped the last few drops of ‘blast’ into the bucket, and handed it to me. ‘Watch you don’t spill any.’ He said.
Now I’m not stupid. ‘Where’s the lid?’ I asked. He gave a sigh. ‘You don’t need a lid, boy. Blast is compressed air, see, that means it’s heavier than normal air, and will stay in the bucket until you pour it out.’ And that was exactly what the engine driver did – carefully, through a funnel – just as soon as I arrived back at the engine. It took me quite a while to realise that I’d been fooled; and all with perfectly straight, and honest, faces!
Have a great day, and God bless you.