The question seems to be is it justifiable for the Cardinal Archbishop of Boston to be present at Senator Kennedy’s funeral. The answer is yes, on several grounds.
- As the Cardinal himself said on his blog. It was an act of mercy.
- As the Archbishop of the diocese he has the authority to decide what is appropriate and when.
- He was not the main celebrant of the funeral. He was the presider. There is a difference. As the presider he sits on the side, does not concelebrate, but represents the Church in offering prayers for the deceased and the consolation of the family.
- As a cardinal, he is a prince of the Church and it is his duty to represent the Holy See in any high profile function. This is not an ecclesial or priestly function, but a diplomatic one. If he does not do this, then the Papal Nuncio would be the person called to do so. This would have complicated matters rather than help.
- As long as the Cardinal went on record saying that the Senator had done many good things in his life, but unfortunately had not embraced the prolife position of the Church, he is not condoning the Senator’s voting record on this issue. The Cardinal did that and he made it public. It was in the press and on the internet. Therefore, all the bases were covered.
- Other bishops do not have to agree with what the Ordinary of a diocese or a Major Religious Superior does, as long as the person is not commiting a sin. The Cardinal’s presence was not a sin.
- The Cardinal is also a Franciscan Brother. He has to obey the rule and constitutions of his religious order. Those rules are very clear on the mercy that every brother must show for the dead, especially the most sinful. The rule is also very clear that mercy should never be hidden, but must be expressed in public. Finally, the rule is very clear that as long as the brother’s actions are not prohibitted by the Lord Pope or by our holy Father Francis, the brother has an obligation to proceed, regardless of public opinion.
In essence, the Cardinal fulfilled the expectations of the Church and the Order. He also fulfilled his obligation as the Ordinary of the Archdiocese without condoning the Senator’s record on abortion issues.
We have to be merciful toward the Senator, but we must also be merciful toward the Cardinal who did what he was expected to do by the rules of diplomacy of the Church and by his solemn vow of obedience to the Franciscan Rule. There is always going to be some confusion and even some comment when you have a bishop of a diocese who belongs to a religious order with solemn vows. Because Canon Law says that these men continue to be members of their orders, even when they are consecrated bishops. Therefore, they are bound to the rule of their order.
There are several orders that have solemn vows: Benedictine, Franciscans, Carmelites, Dominicans, Augustinians, Carthusians, Jesuits, and Trinitarians. It often happens that when these men are in a situation where there are two expectations, one from their order and one from the faithful of their diocese, they have to give priority to their order. It is not unsual for the faithful not to understand what’s going on, because they don’t always know the rules of these orders.
In the past, the Church had stopped consecrating exempt religious as bishops. They had not done this for many years. They had limited themselves to consecrating diocesan priests to avoid this. But Pope John Paul II and now Pope Benedict seem to want religious bishops. This is means that the people in these diocese are going to be led by the spirit of these religious communities. One excellent example is Cardinal Pell of Australia. He is a Dominican. He is an educator. He has made the evangelization of the young the primary ministry of his diocese. But this is consistent with the mission and charism of the Order of Brother Preachers. Some people do not like it, because they feel that he is not responding to other issues. His answer has been, “I’m a Dominican.”
I know that this is conplicated for the people who live in such diocese, but it is not impossible to live with. Everything has a solution, even though solutions may take time. We have to be patient and prayerful. Also, if we live in such a diocese, we can ask the religious bishop to help us understand his charism and the mission of his order. This will help us understand the man.
Fraternally,
Br. JR, OSF