Thanks for the follow ups, let’s continue down this road.
First off, once a person is baptized a Catholic Christian they are forever a Catholic Christian…still under the jurisdiction of Canon Law.
On the point you make about marrying outside of the Church not knowing, the marriage would be invalid because of lack of form.
Phemie explained it quite well, I would just add this point. Whether a person knows they are choosing grave sin or not can affect their ability to freely choose it or reject it but it cannot affect that grave matter involved.
And, being in an invalid marriage, sexual relations are always illicit. So there is grave matter, but not knowledge of the offense and so no freedom to choose/not choose, so there is no culpability. How do you pastor to someone who tells you, in the course of a normal social situation, “my wife and I are Baptists, but you know we were both raised Catholic until our parents left the church when we were kids.”? Do you have the responsibility as a Deacon to point out the invalidity of their marriage and their still being under Canon Law?
I find this example particularly interesting because my college roommate, raised by his evangelical parents, found out later he’d been baptized Catholic. His birth father had abandoned the family and ran off with his secretary to Florida (so his father was actually his stepfather, and his younger brother, who is shorter, thinner and has darker hair than he or his older brother, is his half-brother). His mother told him when he was about 33, and he was already ordained in the Presbyterian Church of America (PCA), married in the PCA, and had homilized, performed baptisms and weddings as a PCA minister. So all of these are points of grave matter to a baptized Catholic, but he had no culpability because he had no knowledge of ever having been Catholic until he learns he had been baptized. Is that correct? So under Canon Law, as soon as he finds out that he was baptized Catholic - and, having studied Catholic theology while at the PCA seminary, I’d assume he knows that he is considered under Canon Law - he’s immediately in mortal sin for his marriage, his ministry and his professed beliefs. I didn’t think to ask him his reaction at this but I think it was less of a matter to him than that his father was not his birth-father.
It seems that there are different schools of thought on this. One can also choose to be in a permanent state of ignorance by NOT seeking advice where something might be suspect. I’m one who thinks the attitude of “Don’t tell me. I don’t want to know” is not okay. There are others who simply get the wrong advice, such as those who were instructed to use only their consciences in matters of birth control or on other matters. How does one deal with them? I certainly don’t think we should continue to condone the “ignorance is bliss” mindset when it comes to receiving communion.
There’s poor catechesis (and mine probably wasn’t the best - it’s only in the past few years that I found out about Mary’s centrality to salvation theology and her title as Spouse of the Holy Spirit), there’s the desire not to know, but I think there’s a wide group in the middle of people who aren’t going to take the effort to find out because they don’t see any reason to. If you’re born Catholic but raised something else - maybe your parents divorced and wanted to remarry, became angry at the Church for not allowing it, and joined another Church where they could marry freely - are you really going to take the time to seek out what the Church your parents left taught about you and your responsibilities, what marriage you can enter into, etc? I think that it’s really difficult to meet someone anywhere other than where they currently are, especially if your intent is to move them somewhere else. It’s got to be an extraordinarily difficult situation to encounter someone who wants to return to the Catholicism they left as a child, and have to tell them that they are in a tremendously precarious state because of the decisions of another. Will that make them walk away, shaking their heads at what looks like excessive legalism? Will it come across as heartless? I’m very glad I never left the Church (there have been times I was very sorely tempted), and that my wife is faithfully Catholic as well, so these questions have never come up for us.