Here are some Catholic theology references which may help illuminate the distinctions between the punitive evil willed by God and the moral evil (sin) which God cannot commit…
According to Dr. Ludwig Ott’s
Fundamentals of Catholic Dogma:
Code:
***God wills physical evil, natural evil as well as punitive evil,*** ***per accidens***, that is, ***as a means*** to a higher end of the physical order (for example, for the acquisition of a higher life), or of the moral order (for example, for punishment or for moral enlightenment). Ecclus. 11, 14: "***Good things and evil, life and death, poverty and riches are from God.***" ...
Moral evil, that is, sin, which according to its nature is a revolt against God, is willed by God neither per se nor per accidens, that is, neither as and end nor as a means to an end." (pg. 46)
Nonetheless, God co-operates in
every action of every creature, because “
God Himself, or the Divine nature, is in immediate contact with, or immanent in, every creature– conserving it in being and enabling it to act” (Catholic Encyclopedia - Nature and Attributes of God).
Which means, “***God co-operates immediately in ***
every act of his creatures” (Ott, 88). This is called by Catholic theology, according to Fr. John Hardon, “
Divine concurrence or concursus” (Fr. John Hardon, *God the Author of Nature and the Supernatural, Part one, Thesis II). *It is based upon the teaching of the Roman Catechism which states that God “
by an internal power impels to motion and action
whatever moves and acts” (Roman Catechism, Article I).
So if man or demon moves are acts contrary to God’s will, by Divine concurrence, that is, by an internal power, God impels to action even the sinful acts of His creation.
That is why it is important to distinguish between the Natural Order and the Supernatural Order when speaking of God’s co-operation with creation, as is taught by the Church.
According to Dr. Ott:
Code:
This co-operation of the Causa Prima (God) with the Causae Secundae (creation) is known as "Concursus Divinus." ***The Divine co-operation in the Natural Order is called "Concursus Generalis or Naturalis," to distinguish it from the special supernatural intervention of God through grace in rational creatures***.... The intrinsic reason for the necessity of the Divine co-operation lies in the entire dependence of all created being on God. As the activity of the creature has a real being which is distinct from the power from which it flows, so ***this "being of activity" must be caused by God.***...
God co-operates in the physical act of sin also (actio peccati, entitas peccati); since
the activation of the sensual and spiritual powers of the creature, is a being, and therefore something good. The moral deficiency (i.e. the sin as such), which is associated with the physical act, derives from the free will of the creature who, therefore, alone is guilty. God, in consequence of His infinite perfection, cannot be the cause of moral defect" (Ott, ibid., 88).
Thus, while God activates the sensual and spiritual powers of every creature, the moral defect is not a result of that activation, but is the result of a defect of free will.