Cardinal Muller: no need to clarify Amoris Laetitia [CC]

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It would be one thing if this was promoted by a particular liberal wing of the Church. But it’s from the pope. (Although I’m still not sure what the right interpretation is and what is and is not actually allowed anymore.)

If living in continence solves everything, why is this simple solution not taught as a “more perfect” way?
 
Agreed, it may be the trajectory over the coming weeks, months, years or even decades but we must always be ready to give witness, with lamps ready to light at a moment’s notice. The Saints endured much worse than indifferentism, insults and ad hominem attacks.

The intellectual argument used in supporting the liberal interpretation of AL can be used to justify access to Communion for anyone on the basis of their own subjective conscience This is in effect what the Maltese Bishop’s document is saying in suggesting that private conscience has the final say. Whether they realise or intended it or not, we’re already seeing the signs of the new “teaching” getting out of control in San Diego and Malta. While the “liberals” and “conservatives” are bickering, the “liberals” themselves equally can’t even agree on how far to interpret AL.

When I converted to Catholicism, I remember at the start wondering what to actually do with my faith once I’d found it. In a way, I should probably be happy for this situation; I’ve now got something to keep me busy with teaching for the next 50-60 years 👍
Yes!

(I am a JP II revert - so this is tough for me too.)

I believe in an ‘elect’ of sorts. The Church (including its ‘elect’ through all time) is in God’s hands. And, no, the gates of hell will never prevail against it. Now, the Church may take on more subtle, fractured and/or beleaguered forms from time to time, but in essence it is eternal. This is our wellspring.
 
Wouldn’t that breach these two criteria?

Continuity of Principles - Because the principle until now is that sex outside of marriage is an objective moral evil, and is never justified or anything other than mortal sin. This is one of the questions of the Five Dubia, which ask if the Church still teaches that there is such a thing as an intrinsically evil action (e.g. always morally wrong, such as abortion) as taught in the encyclical Veritatis Splendor
Conservative Action upon Its Past - The “development” of doctrine to suggest the divorced and remarried can receive Communion while willfully engaging in sex outside of marriage contradicts Familiaris Consortio 84, Catechism of the Catholic Church 1650 and the teaching outlined in Cardinal Ratzinger’s 1994 letter of the Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith? Any development must be complementary with what has gone before. This is the elephant in the room and one which, to date, no convincing argument has been put forth to explain away. If we follow the “liberal” interpretation of AL without a satisfactory argument to reconcile it to the historic teaching, we would appear to be contradicting past teaching in not just failing to follow past teaching, but doing what was explicitly forbidden by past teaching.
I do not know that sex outside of marriage is invariably a mortal sin. There are three conditions for a sin to be a mortal and full or deliberate consent is one of them. Manifest grave sin is objective–but a person might not be subjectively culpable, as described in AL 305 and note 351. I do not see that this contradicts either existing doctrine or the CCC.
 
Simply put, at some point and time in the future, anyone having sex outside of marriage who are ‘at peace with God’ will want to go to communion. Give 5 to 10 years and we will hear about all type of situations that will start to be allowed.
 
Simply put, at some point and time in the future, anyone having sex outside of marriage who are ‘at peace with God’ will want to go to communion. Give 5 to 10 years and we will hear about all type of situations that will start to be allowed.
If this is allowed, then what’s to prevent a practicing gay Catholic from receiving Communion after “examination of conscience”?

Or are we the crazy, paranoid ones? I don’t even know anymore.
 
It would be one thing if this was promoted by a particular liberal wing of the Church. But it’s from the pope. (Although I’m still not sure what the right interpretation is and what is and is not actually allowed anymore.)
This is what makes the situation more distressing, but we must remember that he has not yet formally come down on either side of the argument. We’re construing meaning and intention from actions and the words of subordinates. In that case it’s important to always remain respectful and charitable. If we’re only good people in situations when it’s easy to be good, then we’re not being good people 🙂

As to what the Church teaches; everything must be read in the light of the constant teaching of the Church, in harmony with the Gospel and consistent in doctrine and tradition. The Church has gone through many difficulties in the past: the Western Schism, the Arian Heresy, The Reformation, The Islamic Expansion. Remember, people have been predicting the downfall of the Church since it was just a handful of dejected people in the upper room after the execution of their leader 👍

I’d suggest:
  • Read the Bible, always a good idea
  • Read/listen to anything by Archbishop Fulton Sheen. A great communicator with a huge amount of solid teaching easily available for free
  • Learn the faith, read the Catechism of the Catholic Church (though maybe not all at once…)
  • Pick a saint to learn about each month. You don’t have to commit a lot of time to it, but each month pick a new saint and spend some time learning about them. Could be as simple as reading their wikipedia page and a few news articles on their life, thinking about them in the car etc. Just keep it simple. Each saint is different, as we are all different. Our task in life is not to repeat or mimic the life of another saint, but to become the unique saint we were created to become. The examples of others however may provide some inspiration on how we can do that 😃
 
I do not know that sex outside of marriage is invariably a mortal sin. There are three conditions for a sin to be a mortal and full or deliberate consent is one of them. Manifest grave sin is objective–but a person might not be subjectively culpable, as described in AL 305 and note 351. I do not see that this contradicts either existing doctrine or the CCC.
You present a reasonable position based on the quotations you give. But we must remember that before AL the Church has always taught that certain actions were intrinsically evil actions, or grave matter. See CCC 1650 for the specific reference to adultery (i.e. sex outside of a valid marriage).

Another way to look at it, if we’re to use a consistent intellectual argument, is that if AL means that sex outside of marriage is no longer always mortally sinful because of reduced culpability, then the same can be said of the other intrinsic evils such as abortion. Would we now say there are circumstances in which one may willingly procure an abortion and remain in a state of grace?

Or alternatively, think of a homosexual couple in which one was born and raised Catholic before lapsing from the Church in their youth. They adopt children and raise them together. One of the parents subsequently reverts and returns to the Catholic Church. However, they are economically and emotionally dependent on the remaining non-Catholic partner. There are also children involved, who are being raised in a stable environment that provides for the economic needs of their upbringing. Is the Catholic partner obliged to refrain from sexual activity outside of a valid marriage? Or is their culpability reduced because of the children and the dependency on the non-Catholic partner?
 
If this is allowed, then what’s to prevent a practicing gay Catholic from receiving Communion after “examination of conscience”?

Or are we the crazy, paranoid ones? I don’t even know anymore.
No, you are not crazy… Conscience, discernment and pastoral accompaniment are great concept and tool when they are understood and applied correctly and faithfully to the Catholic faith. But I am afraid nowaday, they are being used cleverly by some to bypass and ultimately undermine the teaching of Christ and the Magisterium.

It is this simple. Ambiguity in AL has caused confusion and division in the Church. It will pick up steam and linger in the Church for quite sometime to come. The days/months/years ahead will be very difficult and ugly in the Church. But the Church will triumph once again.
 
I beg all posters to pause for a moment and reflect on the points and directions of many arguments. I am becoming more convinced that when it comes to wanting to win an argument, theologians are no different than lawyers.
It doesn’t help when bishops and cardinals ramp up the rhetoric. One used the words heresy and schism.

You know, if no other fact is obvious, one thing that should be so self-evident is that there is more than one way to look at this issue, more than one theologically justifiable opinion. This has usually been the case when an issue comes under examination by the Catholic Church. Everyone forgets the unity of the Church in matters of doctrine that everyone understands as black and white. That is why there is no discussion on chapters 1-7 of Amoris Laetitia.
 
It would seem strange to me to use ‘addiction’ to describe intimacy with your partner who is not your spouse, just as it would seem strange to state that a husband and wife who are regularly intimate are addicted to sex.
Sexual addiction is extremely powerful, from the neurochemisty alone. Will a prolonged separation from a spouse result in sexual sin? Very possibly, though since addiction is not just about chemistry but life style and habits, there is at least that difference. I appreciate your caution though. My own philosophy is to accept no excuses or rationalizations for myself, but be understanding of these same factors in others. I do not mind being over-judgmental when looking at me. I alone in humanity have that right to that particular judgment until the day God sets me straight.
 
It doesn’t help when bishops and cardinals ramp up the rhetoric. One used the words heresy and schism.

You know, if no other fact is obvious, one thing that should be so self-evident is that there is more than one way to look at this issue, more than one theologically justifiable opinion. This has usually been the case when an issue comes under examination by the Catholic Church. Everyone forgets the unity of the Church in matters of doctrine that everyone understands as black and white. That is why there is no discussion on chapters 1-7 of Amoris Laetitia.
To be fair, if anyone (especially a bishop or cardinal, who have more knowledge than lay people) believed that something was heretical or schismatic, wouldn’t they, in honor and duty bound, be obliged to state that?

Well to be fair (and yes I’ve read the whole thing) there are parts in chapters 1 through 7 which are questionable, pretty much due to the use of psychology terminology.

And again, to be fair, I don’t really see that Jesus, in His ministry, looked at doctrine/dogma as ‘shades of gray’. He appears to treat things as ‘black and white’ (as did St. Paul). I mean, look at Jesus saying that “I tell you, anyone who looks at a woman with lust has already committed adultery”. Not, “Ok, people, the ‘act’ is wrong, but hey, thoughts are not equivalent to actions, so just thinking about adultery isn’t as bad.”
 
I do not know that sex outside of marriage is invariably a mortal sin. There are three conditions for a sin to be a mortal…
You present a reasonable position based on the quotations you give. But we must remember that before AL the Church has always taught that certain actions were intrinsically evil actions, or grave matter.
If I were to venture the guess as to what clarification, if any, comes forth, my guess would be it will be over this issue. The Catholic Church has always used the criteria of objective, or assumed objective state, do determine whether one can receive communion. However, I do not agree that it is a doctrinal necessity. Only actual mortal sin kills the spirit, and thus the ability to receive the grace of God.

Reading what Pope Francis wrote (in its entirety,) I got the impression that this will be the change upon which the possibility that some might now be able to receive, who did not before.

Reading the earlier post about Malta, one thing that was not in Amoris Laetitia is where the one in an irregular situation makes that decision for himself. Pope Francis spoke of it as an arduous process, and one in which the priest is the guide toward “the formation of a correct judgment.” Feelings are not relevant. Furthermore, the Holy Father warns, “These attitudes are essential for avoiding the grave danger of misunderstandings,
such as the notion that any priest can quickly grant “exceptions”, or that some people
can obtain sacramental privileges in exchange for favours.”
 
This is what makes the situation more distressing, but we must remember that he has not yet formally come down on either side of the argument. We’re construing meaning and intention from actions and the words of subordinates. In that case it’s important to always remain respectful and charitable. If we’re only good people in situations when it’s easy to be good, then we’re not being good people 🙂

As to what the Church teaches; everything must be read in the light of the constant teaching of the Church, in harmony with the Gospel and consistent in doctrine and tradition. The Church has gone through many difficulties in the past: the Western Schism, the Arian Heresy, The Reformation, The Islamic Expansion. Remember, people have been predicting the downfall of the Church since it was just a handful of dejected people in the upper room after the execution of their leader 👍

I’d suggest:
  • Read the Bible, always a good idea
  • Read/listen to anything by Archbishop Fulton Sheen. A great communicator with a huge amount of solid teaching easily available for free
  • Learn the faith, read the Catechism of the Catholic Church (though maybe not all at once…)
  • Pick a saint to learn about each month. You don’t have to commit a lot of time to it, but each month pick a new saint and spend some time learning about them. Could be as simple as reading their wikipedia page and a few news articles on their life, thinking about them in the car etc. Just keep it simple. Each saint is different, as we are all different. Our task in life is not to repeat or mimic the life of another saint, but to become the unique saint we were created to become. The examples of others however may provide some inspiration on how we can do that 😃
well, I think he’s going to have to come down on one side or the other eventually.

what’s the direct quote from AL, that has caused all this mess? I’ve read so omany different hings now that I can’t even remember exactly what the original is.

and 99% of the document is quite beautiful and in line with church teaching, by the way. all this fuss over one sentence
 
To be fair, if anyone (especially a bishop or cardinal, who have more knowledge than lay people) believed that something was heretical or schismatic, wouldn’t they, in honor and duty bound, be obliged to state that?
And again, to be fair, I don’t really see that Jesus, in His ministry, looked at doctrine/dogma as ‘shades of gray’. "
Of course not, but you **are **begging the question here. Nothing the Holy Father suggested, nor any of the bishops so far, has absolutely violated dogma or doctrine. There may be some that think they have, but such an opinion has not been established. Indeed, the very points under discussion here and among the Church are caused by some saying doctrine includes more than others are saying it includes. Since one of the “others” is Pope Francis, I think it is highly inappropriate to use words such as heresy and schism based on one’s own opinion of how far doctrine goes, when one is not in agreement with the Pope. It is a shutdown of the conversation, a type of bullying, that is, “I am right an you are going to Hell,” type of rhetoric. At the very least, it is useless. It contributes nothing but posturing to the conversation.
 
Of course not, but you **are **begging the question here. Nothing the Holy Father suggested, nor any of the bishops so far, has absolutely violated dogma or doctrine. There may be some that think they have, but such an opinion has not been established. Indeed, the very points under discussion here and among the Church are caused by some saying doctrine includes more than others are saying it includes. Since one of the “others” is Pope Francis, I think it is highly inappropriate to use words such as heresy and schism based on one’s own opinion of how far doctrine goes, when one is not in agreement with the Pope. It is a shutdown of the conversation, a type of bullying, that is, “I am right an you are going to Hell,” type of rhetoric. At the very least, it is useless. It contributes nothing but posturing to the conversation.
With respect, you might think it ‘highly inappropriate’ but if it is in fact the case as perceived by said Cardinals/bishops, they must proclaim it. In fact, Pope Francis has not said or done anything to violate dogma or doctrine, but it can indeed be argued that the bishops of Malta in their declaration may have done so. If in fact they (again, not Pope Francis, so it cannot be said that those who object are 'not in agreement with the Pope:) have gone beyond doctrine in their (the Maltese bishops) proclamations, their brother cardinals and bishops must speak out with clear words whether or not it seems ‘appropriate’ to the Catholic laity.
 
With respect, you might think it ‘highly inappropriate’ …
Useless, don’t forget useless. Emotional rhetoric is not needed for clarity. In fact, it distracts from clarity.

Such language is forbidden here for these reasons.
 
You present a reasonable position based on the quotations you give. But we must remember that before AL the Church has always taught that certain actions were intrinsically evil actions, or grave matter. See CCC 1650 for the specific reference to adultery (i.e. sex outside of a valid marriage).
“If the divorced are remarried civilly, they find themselves in a situation that objectively contravenes God’s law. Consequently, they cannot receive Eucharistic communion as long as this situation persists” (CCC 1650).

This teaching is indeed at the heart of the concern surrounding AL. In attempting to provide only my understanding of various teachings, I have at times found myself on both sides of an argument on different but related threads while not wishing to argue at all. That said, it would seem AL emphasizes the teaching that for a sin to be a mortal sin, three conditions must be met: “Mortal sin is sin whose object is grave matter and which is also committed with full knowledge and deliberate consent” (CCC 1857). When deliberate consent is absent, a sin is therefore not a mortal sin.

Why then the blanket proscription in these cases against receiving the Eucharist? The answer would seem clear: Since what is subjective is not known by observation, what is objectively observable–i.e., in this instance that a person is in an irregular marriage–can be known and thus can be proscribed so far as receiving the Eucharist is concerned. I would suggest AL advances the understanding of CCC 1650, i.e., of the notion that an irregular marriage, in and of itself, “objectively contravenes God’s law”.
 
This is depressing…

I don’t see how these differing interpretations, confusion resulting from this and the seeming lack of reconcilability between these differing interpretations can continue to go and on and on. This is draining and it is dividing the Church.
I have to agree. We are literally seeing bishops contradicting each other. Archbishop Sample of the Archdiocese of Portland explicitly says the following in his archdiocese’s guidelines:
Despite the clear teaching of the Church, some have misused elements of Amoris
Laetitia to support positions that are not compatible with Church teaching… Since such
positions are illicit, Amoris Laetitia cannot be legitimately used to offer support for them. The text cannot and ought not be misused in support of the following three errors.
Misuse One: Conscience Legitimizes Actions Contravening Divine Commandments
Amoris Laetitia not support the claim that conscience supersedes an objective moral law.
Ignorance, enslavement to passions, an incorrect understanding of moral autonomy, or the absence of virtue may reduce a person’s subjective culpability when sincerely following erroneous conscience, and in some instances “the evil committed by the person cannot be imputed to him.” 19 But in no way does this diminish or negate the objectivity of the evil, or privation, or disorder committed. Conscience is not a law unto itself, nor may conscience rightly disregard or supplant the commands of God as taught by the Church. St. John Paul II explicitly rejected the possibility that private judgments of conscience could “legitimize socalled ‘pastoral’ solutions contrary to the teaching of the Magisterium” or allow individuals to violate exceptionless moral norms.20
19 Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1792, 1793.
20 John Paul II, Veritatis Splendor, 56.
**Misuse Two: Under Certain Conditions Divine Prohibitions Admit of Exceptions
**
…it remains the case that certain actions are absolutely prohibited, for in no instance is it possible to choose them with a good will. As St. John Paul II explains, certain positive commandments, while unchanging and universal, admit of widely varying means to accomplish them. Moreover, at times external circumstances can impede a person’s ability to perform such good acts. There are negative commandments, or prohibitions, on the other hand, which are universally binding in each and every circumstance. They admit of no exceptions whatsoever and can never be chosen, in any way or for any reason, in “conformity with the dignity of the person” or with the “goodness of the will.”35 Further, unlike positive commandments, external circumstances can never hinder a person “from not doing certain actions,” especially if one is prepared “to die rather than to do evil.”36
Doing good, thus, admits of more flexibility and context than avoiding evil, which is why the “Church has always taught that one may never choose kinds of behavior prohibited by the moral commandments expressed in negative form in the Old and New Testaments.… Jesus himself reaffirms that these prohibitions allow no exceptions: ‘If you wish to enter into life, keep the commandments.… You shall not murder, You shall not commit adultery.…’”37
35 John Paul II, Veritatis Splendor, 52.
36 Ibid.
37 Ibid
Archbishop Chaput’s guidelines for the Archdiocese of Philadelphia said this:
Can the divorced and civilly-remarried receive the sacraments? As a general matter, baptized members of the Church are always in principle invited to the sacraments. The confessional’s doors are always open to the repentant and contrite of heart. What of Communion? Every Catholic, not only the divorced and civilly-remarried, must sacramentally confess all serious sins of which he or she is aware, with a firm purpose to change, before receiving the Eucharist. In some cases, the subjective responsibility of the person for a past action may be diminished. But the person must still repent and renounce the sin, with a firm purpose of amendment.
With divorced and civilly-remarried persons, Church teaching requires them to refrain from
sexual intimacy. This applies even if they must (for the care of their children) continue to live under one roof. ***Undertaking to live as brother and sister is necessary for the divorced and civilly-remarried to receive reconciliation in the Sacrament of Penance, which could then open the way to the Eucharist. ***Such individuals are encouraged to approach the Sacrament of Penance regularly, having recourse to God’s great mercy in that sacrament if they fail in chastity.
The Bishops of Malta said this:
“If, as a result of the process of discernment, undertaken with ‘humility, discretion and love for the Church and her teaching, in a sincere search for God’s will and a desire to make a more perfect response to it’, a separated or divorced person who is living in a new relationship manages, with an informed and enlightened conscience, to acknowledge and believe that he or she are at peace with God, he or she cannot be precluded from participating in the sacraments of Reconciliation and the Eucharist.”
 
The above by the Maltese bishops appears to be a completely different interpretation that the other two Archbishops given in the previous post.

And I believe this interview was missed by many, but recently, Bishop Elbs, an Austrian, takes it even further than the bishops of Malta:
The doctrine is changed inasmuch as the door is now open. People have done this before, but now with the Pope’s blessing, they can, so to speak, make this decision with their conscience… If it’s in a footnote or not isn’t significant to me. The entire document breathes the spirit that the individual finds in his own conscience a way to deal with life’s situations.
As for issues of conscience, Bishop Elbs also said in that same interview:
The Synod recommended natural contraception. Recommended. Birth control is thus left up to the person’s conscience.
Both selections of Bishop Elbs above contradict what was said by St. John Paul, quoted in Archbishop Sample’s guidelines. Fr. Gerald Murray of EWTN and the Catholic Thing, in response to Bishop Elbs said last week, "“This is abhorrent! People who are committing acts of adultery need guidance to stop, not be told that they can receive Communion.”

Canon lawyer Ed Peters also has some relevant thoughts to what the Maltese bishops wrote, calling it “a disaster”.

I pray for peace and for the confusion surrounding this to come to an end. We should all continue to pray for our bishops and leaders, as I certainly will.
 
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