Indeed we have progressed, but it’s not fair to look back upon how God instructed the people of past ages and presume he could have dealt with them then in the same fashion as he deals with us today.
Consider that when Moses originally came down from the mountain, God had given him the Ten Commandments. That’s it. But when he came down, he saw that the Israelites had already fallen into idol worship. So, after dealing with the idolaters, he returned to the mountain and received from God not only the Ten Commandments but also the whole levitical system of sacrifices, offerings, washings, dietary restrictions, etc., etc. – something closer to the religious observances they knew in Egypt, but structured around and focused upon God. The Israelites had shown through their idolatry that they simply weren’t ready to utterly discard the religious lifestyle they’d known in Egypt, so God met them halfway by giving them the Law of Moses. It was a step up from what they’d known, but it was incomplete, bringing only judgment and not salvation, and it was finally set aside when Christ came and instituted the New Covenant.
My point is that God has dealt with humanity in different ways at different times depending on whatever stages humanity was in at those times. The Mosaic Law looks unnecessarily bloody to us, yes, but that’s because we have progressed beyond the times that the Law was meant for. Similarly, the Israelites in Moses’ time could not have dealt with the freedom that comes with the New Covenant – they weren’t ready for that kind of freedom. So, when you look through the Old Testament, keep in mind that you’re looking back in time to a day when humankind was indeed more primitive and needed the signs, symbols, and sacrifices to stay on the path God intended for them.
–Mike