But the bottom line is that in your view, after “actualization”, God didn’t know what Adam would look like until it happened. I’m not going to buy that. That’s not what your reference said.
No that is not what I said. Here is what I actually said before your response (emphasis added):
False. God is outside of time, period. At the moment the Big Bang was actualized, God knew the outcome. Yet if God allows for some relaxed stringency in the guidance of quantum processes (something that may not be the case, only God knows if it is), the planning of the Big Bang would have allowed for some variation in outcome.
Yet it is inconceivable that God would not have obtained what He wanted, since the outcome of His plan would already have factored in any such relaxed stringency, if it exists.
Let me break it down for you, bit by bit:
1. The actualization of creation:
Since God is outside time, He knew exactly what Adam would look like at the very instant the Big Bang was actualized.
Therefore, He did not “have to wait” what Adam would look like “until it happened” (from our point of view as linear progression of time).
2. The planning of creation:
Obviously, quantum processes with their random indeterminism are built into the laws of nature and thus into creation.
Now he have to distinguish two scenarios. We cannot decide which one is true since only God knows.
From our perspective quantum processes are random (by chance). Therefore, when it comes to the contrast ‘necessary’ vs. ‘contingent’, they are contingent from our perspective. Quantum events can play a role in gene mutations or, as many cosmologists believe, they also may have shaped our universe as a whole at the very beginning, when it was still incredibly small in size. These are just two of many examples.
The question is now: are quantum processes contingent not just from our perspective, but also from God’s perspective?
Scenario 1: From God’s perspective, quantum processes are not random and contingent, but every quantum event is guided by God strictly and by necessity.
If that is the case, God would have known the precise outcome of the Big Bang, including what Adam would look like, even at the planning stage, even before the Big Bang was actualized.
Scenario 2: Not just from our perspective, but
also from God’s perspective, quantum processes are random and contingent – at a level precisely planned by God.
Here holds what St. Thomas Aquinas said:
“The effect of divine providence is not only that things should happen somehow, but that they should happen either by necessity or by contingency. Therefore, whatsoever divine providence ordains to happen infallibly and of necessity happens infallibly and of necessity; and that happens from contingency, which the divine providence conceives to happen from contingency” (Summa theologiae, I, 22,4 ad 1).
And
Communion and Stewardship (emphasis added):
“Divine causality and created causality radically differ in kind and not only in degree. Thus, even the outcome of a
truly contingent natural process can nonetheless fall within God’s providential plan for creation.”
and:
"Any evolutionary mechanism that is contingent
can only be contingent because God made it so. An unguided evolutionary process – one that falls outside the bounds of divine providence – simply cannot exist…’
In scenario 2, God would not know the exact outcome of the Big Bang at the planning stage. Yet God would still get exactly what He wanted, according to the precise level of contingency that He planned and deliberately allowed for.
However, at the stage of actualization (as opposed to mere planning), the same holds for scenario 2 as for scenario 1, which is what I said before:
Since God is outside time, He knew exactly what Adam would look like at the very instant the Big Bang was actualized.
Therefore, He did not “have to wait” what Adam would look like “until it happened” (from our point of view as linear progression of time).
God knows with perfect foreknowledge everything that will happen in creation until the end of time, since creation is actualized, as opposed to just being in a planning stage.
In the planning stage God would have known everything that will happen in creation until the end of time only under one condition: everything was planned to happen by strict necessity (“infallibly”, St. Thomas Aquinas above), and there is was no contingency (from God’s point of view) planned. However, we do not know that this is the case. And both St. Thomas Aquinas and
Communion and Stewardship allow for the possibility that this is not the case.
(For this outline I deliberately left out the issue of human freedom, which adds an extra level of complexity.)