Where there dictionaries of Hebrew in B. C. E. eras?
Where there grammar books for written Hebrew in B. C. E. eras?
Also, New Testament Greek dictionaries in the first century C. E.?
Were there grammar books in the first century C. E.?
If so, how developed were those dictionaries and grammars?
Consider the difference between a modern Catholic parish and a Jewish community in B.C. years (or even in more modern times). We build the church first, then build the school. Jews traditionally build the school first, then the church. The reason for that, particularly in BC days, was because the written Hebrew language of scripture contains no vowels, punctuation, capitals, etc. and those schools were considered vitally important to keep the oral tradition alive.
If we did that to Exodus 20:2 in English, it would look like this:
mthlrdthgdwhbrghtthtfthlndfgpttfthhsfbndg. (<-- don’t know why the space is there)
So how do we ensure the last word, those last four letters, are rendered “bondage” and not "bandage? Well, the Jews taught this father-to-son, generation to generation, in a rich oral tradition. They taught each successive generation how to render the text, where the breaks in words are, what sounds were supposed to come out of each syllable, etc. Some words weren’t even considered certain by scholars until the Massoretic texts were discovered. These were texts kept by a particular sect of Judaism where they used a series of dots (marks) around the letters of text to indicate what exact vowel sound went where.
Here’s a Wiki article on the text
So the answer to your questions are, no, there was no written pronunciation guides or dictionaries in that era.
