There are different ways of doing public healthcare. In the UK, most medical providers are essentially public workers. However, in a single payer system, the medical providers remain privately run. The state just provides the medical insurance for everyone, would negotiate insurance rates, etc… Some exceptional doctors might refuse to accept the public insurance, but most doctors would, and would probably have business tax incentives for doing so.
For the most part, private insurance plans would still exist. These would probably be supplemental policies, or something for the fabulously wealthy to choose instead (that’s two different examples, not one).
I cannot imagine the state paying for anything and everything. I just don’t see that yet being economically feasible. For over 99% of Americans, whether public or private, with the advanced medical care we have today, some type of managed care will be involved as to what is eligible for coverage under the public single-payer plan. People should still be able to pay out-of-pocket for things not covered by the public plan, or perhaps instead buy supplemental insurance policies that would cover such situations.
I’m not saying managed care is a bad thing or a failure of public healthcare. It’s simply a reality.
The one thing I find terribly disappointing is that Bernie proposes that abortion be covered under the public plan. I am on board with single payer in general, but not with that. 60% of the population has consistently supported single payer. I hope that if momentum starts to swing towards it politically republicans use what pull they have to ensure that abortion is not covered under it, rather than be completely obstinate and have no role in shaping it.