Wannano:
The answer that keeps coming to me is that He meant it to be symbolic.
Yes, He did, but not only symbolic in the modern sense of the word. It is an enacted ritual - the anamnesis. It is like the Passover meal, where a real lamb is slain and eaten (not a symbolic lamb). Yes, the ritual “symbolizes” the Exodus, and prefigures the Eucharist, but it embodies that which it symbolizes.
If receiving Jesus and accepting God’s own sacrifice for our forgiveness are represented in the bread and wine why is Transubstantiation necessary?
Jesus felt it was necessary. Honestly, like a lot of other Divine Mysteries, I do not understand. I accept it because that is what He taught. In some way these elements replace the actual lamb that was eaten at the Passover.
Like you say the Bread from Heaven is His teaching, and we are to consume it. John 6.
Jesus uses food that perishes to symbolize His eternal sacrifice because it is a call to Remembrance.
Yes, the Eucharist is not separated from His teaching. This is why the ancients only admitted those who had been baptized. The uninitiated were shown the door at the beginning of the Liturgy of the Eucharist. Only those who embraced His Teaching were permitted. This is why communion is closed to this day.
The food of the Eucharist does not perish. All of it is consumed, or it is reserved carefully until it is consumed. It is like the Passover lamb that is fully eaten - nothing left.
We seem to agree that the Bread of Heaven in John 6 is the teaching of God.
It is both, as He is not separated from His teaching. He tells the Jews “I am the manna that comes down from heaven”, physically, bodily, in a form to be eaten.
. I don’t understand how the teaching of God which requires hearing, studying, believing, faith is received by partaking of Communion.
This makes sense because, since the Reformers separated all these things from the Sacraments, it would be difficult to understand how they are really inseparable. Once a thread of the seamless garment of the One Faith begins to be torn out, more threads are lost, until part of the garment is lost entirely.