Does Science Support Atheism?

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I don’t know what “supernatural” (or “subnatural”) is supposed to mean so I would never think of trying to study it. It’s sounds like you are making an effort to be contary here
Leela, who’s trying to be contrary here? You know what “supernatural” means. Months ago, you tried to convince me that thoughts were exigencies above the natural realm.
All I’m saying is that if the First Cause argument really were proof of the existence of God, then God’s existence would be part of our rational understanding of the universe. Obviously, the existence of God is not something that is part of accepted human knowledge.
An absurd pair of statements. If what you are saying was true, then the numbers of adherents to Christianity would be in the 400 million to 500 million range and atheism would be in the 4 billion range, not the other way around.
I’m wondering why that would be if the First Cause argument really is proof of God.
The First Cause argument is not a proof for God. Aquinas says that it arrives at the knowledge of a thing that we have been calling “God”. We get to a Christian God in other ways.
Proponents of the argument around here get angry and claim that their opponents simply do not understand the argument. Yet the average person doesn’t understand a lot of what is accepted as fact by those who specialize in a given area.
As they say, “…if the shoe fits.”
It would seem to me that specialists in philosophy would agree if the First Cause argument were really proof in the way that mathematicians agree about proofs of the Pythagorean Theorem.
And most do. But, some don’t, and it is only because of human nature that deviations from the norm are more newsworthy. In each case where Aquinas has purportedly been refuted, it is evident that that “philosopher” did not understand the logic, or, was trying to be contrary.

jd
 
The issue is not about whether there are scientists and philosphers who believe in God. The question is whether or not they believe that the existence of God has been PROVEN and is a settled fact. I don’t think you’ll find many who agree, and I’m amazed that you think it is.

The five ways are all easily disproved. I know you’ll disagree and claim that I must not understand them to say so, but I’m far from alone. The consensus among philosphers is that the ontological arguments do not stand up to rational scrutiny. If they did, the existence of God would be something that we wouldn’t even need to be discussing on this forum.
Oh, Leela, why don’t you just pick one and write up a refutation then?

jd
 
Leela -

So do you come here to promote atheism?

I will tell you the truth. Jesus Christ loves you and died for you and for everyone, so that a relationship between man and God could be restored, sins forgiven and true life and true healing could be given. This life is not all there is. You possess a soul. Your soul will survive your passing into death. I urge you to choose life now.

Peace,
Ed
 
The issue is not about whether there are scientists and philosphers who believe in God. The question is whether or not they believe that the existence of God has been PROVEN and is a settled fact. I don’t think you’ll find many who agree, and I’m amazed that you think it is.
I know many who agree that it is a settled issue, and I know a few who don’t agree.
The five ways are all easily disproved. I know you’ll disagree and claim that I must not understand them to say so, but I’m far from alone. The consensus among philosphers is that the ontological arguments do not stand up to rational scrutiny. If they did, the existence of God would be something that we wouldn’t even need to be discussing on this forum.
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You can’t disprove even one of the five ways, why would you claim all five are disprovable? I’ve never seen a post of yours on this forum that wasn’t somebody else’s straw-man. :doh2:
 
I know many who agree that it is a settled issue, and I know a few who don’t agree.

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You can’t disprove even one of the five ways, why would you claim all five are disprovable? I’ve never seen a post of yours on this forum that wasn’t somebody else’s straw-man. :doh2:
get used to it, she says silly stuff like that, and then cant back it up. thats why she cuts and pastes other peoples arguments, just ask her for evidence, that pretty much always sinks her ship.
 
Touchstone

Well, that doesn’t help at all. If the universe had to be caused (made by God say), you just invoke a regress by one more level. If that’s the rule, that anything that exists must have a cause, then God is in the same boat, and we immediately ask: “Who made God? What caused God to exist?”.

If I could remodel the cosmological argument (not trying to upstage Aquinas), I would have said that just as everything in the universe has a cause, it is reasonable to suppose that the universe, following the example of all its parts, also has a cause. And when the objection is raised, as Bertrand Russell and you raise it, that if everything has a cause, then why doesn’t the first cause have a cause, I would answer that the first cause (God) does not have to have a cause because He created (rather than caused) not only the universe, but also the principle of causality that pervades the universe. Having created the principle of causality* as we know it*, He is not subject to any principle of His own creation. That is to say, He cannot be caused because He is outside time and causality.

And if it were objected that the universe needn’t be caused just because everything in it is caused, I would ask how atheists are going to explain the problem they have been trying to get around ever since it surfaced … the Big Bang, which certainly suggests that Something or Someone created the universe, because there was no time, and therefore no causality, before the first second.
 
not really, i have several dozen prophecies to pick from. the historicity of anything is questionable, its a poor standard because of that, you know unfounded assertion and all.
I think you are no better off in terms of historicity with the Virgin Birthm if that’s what you are thinking. If you are thinking all this is validated by arranging to ride into Jerualem on an ***, then we are going to have to stop and talk shop about rationalism, once again.
they saw him die, saw the tomb sealed, with posted guards, saws Him later, had already witnessed many miracles, saw more miracles after the ressurection. i dont think its reasonable to believe that they were all fooled.
And yet… they didn’t recognize him. As for “reasonable”, there’s little to do but shake my head when I’m being given a “rationalist” analysis that has “getting fooled” losing to A DEAD MAN COMING BACK TO LIFE AFTER THREE DAYS DEAD. It beggars the imagination to think that’s being offered not as faith but as rationalism. It’s nothing short of Orwellian.
mohammed and smith, showed up with revealed texts, you just have to trust them, they benefitted from their action, i.e. multiple wives, power, etc.
Jesus had none of these things.
i think thats a pretty good start on accepting those claims over the others, but this is comparative theology, not metaphysics.
Well, why don’t you say so, then. Comparative theology? We might as well be talking about astrology or interesting strategies for homeopathy!
your friends hold their beliefs on the basis of surrounding society, religion, education. the apostles were actual physical witnesses.
And you embrace the Resurrection on rationalist terms, you say?

The apostles were actual physical witnesses to what? Weren’t Joseph Smith Jr.'s Eight Witness, and the “Three Witnesses” subgroup of that were actual, physical witnesses to the Golden Plates and heard God’s voice declaring their divine charter.

If that’s all it takes, in terms of rationalism, you’re as Mormon as you are Catholic.

Unless it’s not really a rationalist heuristic being applied…
if i personally knew superman, i wouldn’t be shocked when he picked up a car. i would have already seen many irrational feats.
in the same way the apostles had been present for many miracles, ressurection would be the icing on the cake to them.
something strange, but in line with the previous miracles they witnessed.
Yes, but you aren’t a witness to any of those things, but only a remote hearer of hearsay. Find a local prosecutor some time and ask him about hearsay, if you think that’s anything more than desire and confirmation bias you are standing on. How far do you suppose hearsay about a dead man coming to life after three days dead would go in court? Would it stand up on its own, per rationalism? Maybe it wouldn’t even begin to be anything but laughable as a basis for accepting it in terms of rationalism, eh? What would the prosecutor say?

-TS
 
I think you are no better off in terms of historicity with the Virgin Birthm if that’s what you are thinking. If you are thinking all this is validated by arranging to ride into Jerualem on an ***, then we are going to have to stop and talk shop about rationalism, once again.

And yet… they didn’t recognize him. As for “reasonable”, there’s little to do but shake my head when I’m being given a “rationalist” analysis that has “getting fooled” losing to A DEAD MAN COMING BACK TO LIFE AFTER THREE DAYS DEAD. It beggars the imagination to think that’s being offered not as faith but as rationalism. It’s nothing short of Orwellian.

Well, why don’t you say so, then. Comparative theology? We might as well be talking about astrology or interesting strategies for homeopathy!

And you embrace the Resurrection on rationalist terms, you say?

The apostles were actual physical witnesses to what? Weren’t Joseph Smith Jr.'s Eight Witness, and the “Three Witnesses” subgroup of that were actual, physical witnesses to the Golden Plates and heard God’s voice declaring their divine charter.

If that’s all it takes, in terms of rationalism, you’re as Mormon as you are Catholic.

Unless it’s not really a rationalist heuristic being applied…

Yes, but you aren’t a witness to any of those things, but only a remote hearer of hearsay. Find a local prosecutor some time and ask him about hearsay, if you think that’s anything more than desire and confirmation bias you are standing on. How far do you suppose hearsay about a dead man coming to life after three days dead would go in court? Would it stand up on its own, per rationalism? Maybe it wouldn’t even begin to be anything but laughable as a basis for accepting it in terms of rationalism, eh? What would the prosecutor say?

-TS
Why are you posting here?

Peace,
Ed
 
Not so. What you have done is to continue the infinite regress ad infinitum, which is exactly the thing that we, and Aquinas, are saying can’t be done.
Yes, and that’s all you are doing – saying it. You might as well tell me Aquinas asserts that the sky can’t be blue, and you agree. What’s the problem with infinities, again? I’m not committed to a case of infinite regress, but I’m disciplined enough to know it can’t be summarily dismissed. So I might as well play fast and loose with the axioms like Aquinas, and say it must have been infinite regress, because, well, like Aquinas, it simply must have been!

QED! OK, glad that’s settled. I can see why Aquinas would have enjoyed being able to get away with that kind of stuff.
There is either an infinite (number) of cause-effect events, or, there’s a finite number of cause-effect events. “Infinite” cannot be thought of as any sort of completed, or, attained thing as it is not a whole number.
Uhh, Georg Cantor. Transfinite Numbers. Check it out.

Aquinas was a bright guy, but had little to work with/from, and was doing his work in the 13th century, IIRC. To read some of this, it’s like you missed the last 700+ years of math, philosophy, rationalism. I don’t think you have, but I can’t think of why you would say something like the above, when it’s so trivially refuted, so thoroughly baffled. And not just by Cantor. Cantor was just the definitive nail in the coffin for Aquinas’ credulity on this. It was more difficult back then, I’m sure, but this is another claim by Aquinas that shows a serious small, attenuated imagination.
If you do, then the result is one – and only one. If it is a one out there, would it move? If you insist that it moves, where would it move? Since motion is relational, in relation to what would it move? Would it just move around in space? But, an infinite would consume all of space, so, again where would it move, and, in relation to what? Would the one cause? Where would it cause? In relation to what? Where would any effect appear? What would it cause? How would it cause? Remember, it is physical.
OK, this makes me think you really aren’t familiar with Cantor. Maybe throw me a bone on what your understanding of the above in terms of transfiinites would be. That will calm my nerves a bit, and make me think I’m not wasting my time on this topic with you.
You might insist that this one might “contain” motion (and cause). An infinite can contain parts, obviously. But, our senses and our sciences tell us that we are able move about freely, sort of inside of it, in (a) “space”, which is a near-nothingness. If there are space/near-nothingness gaps within this universe, or, within simultaneous universes, then the one is not infinite. It is finite. An attained infinite number of cause-effect events would take up everything. There could be no “space”. There could be no nothingness gaps.
This is pure fluff, a bunch of words pretending to have some kind of meaning and polemic value. What does that mean “our sciences tell us that we are able to move about freely, sort of inside of it, in (a) “space”, which is a near-nothingness”?

I think you have some very odd notions about infinity and transfinite numbers. Maybe we need to spawn a thread to just wade through that paragraph above, because you are either such a surpassing genius that that went way over my head (and Cantor’s, and…), or you are yanking my chain with a paragraph like that, pretending it’s even roughly coherent. Maybe that thread will help sort out which (if either) of those is the case.

-TS

continued shortly…
 
continued…
The multiverse theory that postulates a universe generating model assumes the existence of other simultaneous universes. It’s either that no other simultaneous universes. In what, or, in relation to what, does our universe, or all of the simultaneous universes exist?
One model advanced by theoretical physicists (e.g. Alan Guth) has our universe just a tiny “pocket universe” in a multiverse that is some 10^23 bigger than our tiny little reality, and that something analogous to a “fractal” is happening – universal enclosure of universes. Maybe it’s helpful to think about our universe being the parent of others? Or, more basically, a “Russian doll set”, where each doll is both enclosed by a similar doll, and encloses a similar doll? That’s just one child, one parent, and that’s NOT what the inflationary model holds, but it may convey the gist of the idea, as a starting point.
Outside of space? What is outside of space? More space? If more space, then we haven’t reached the attainment of infinite yet.
When we talk about “outside this universe”, we are talking about the limits of our own local “space-time”. If another universe were just an annex of our universe, addressablein our space-time, it would be part of our universe. An infinity is definitionally bound by space-time. If you listen to physicist and cosmologists, or read their articles, you will note that they often support the idea that our universe is infinite, and yet, just one of billons of universes, each or any of which may be infinite. And they say this on purpose, and understand that to not be a contradiction at all. Do you understand why they might say that?
And, the universe(s) never will. Because, we can always postulate a little more, or another one, therefore what we have is an existing finite perhaps tending towards infinity; perhaps not. If we have an existing finite – at this very moment – then we haven’t reached the beginning of causing. Since we still have a beginning of causing, then we still have a First and Uncaused Cause - at the beginning.
Ugh. Well, Bertrand just called from the grave and wants to know what caused the First Uncaused Cause. And he’s serious. Simply labeling a thing “uncaused” doesn’t make it so, right? If every thing that is a thing has a cause, what caused your Prime Mover?

The absurdity of what you are saying is so apparent, the defeat of it so complete, that it makes me wonder if you are shining me on, here. No one’s niggling on the margins, and you appear to be serious, so I’ll play along. There’s perfectly no basis for saying there must be a “beginning of causing”. There may be, and if there is, it might as well be our universe itself, no need for the God hypothesis – that’s extraneous, superfuous. But there may not be any " begining of causing" for all we know. It’s folly to think we have any idea either way, in terms of rationalism. In terms of Aquinas-like “intuition” or “I just think…” assertions, well, you can say anything you want on that basis…

-TS
 
I know many who agree that it is a settled issue, and I know a few who don’t agree.

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You can’t disprove even one of the five ways, why would you claim all five are disprovable? I’ve never seen a post of yours on this forum that wasn’t somebody else’s straw-man. :doh2:
So, Aquinas writes his 5 proofs, and there they are, and now, the onus is on the rest of the world to disprove them?

Am I the only one that sees a major goof in that kind of thinking? Who carries the burden of proof here?

Here’s my claim:
  1. There are divine mermaids inhabiting deep and remote parts of the ocean.
  2. God has installed these mermaids as the guardians and temporal authorities over all mankind.
  3. In their wisdom, the divine mermaids have nominated me as their sole representative. I speak for them, who represent God.
Does anyone dare to try to disprove my claim? Is that how the thinking goes, here?

Or is that something I should carry the burden for, and must establish in positive terms?

-TS
 
To Touchstone -

Has it occurred to you, while you revel in your rationality, that this is a Catholic forum? That Catholics come here for Catholic Answers? Do you think that your going on and on with rational refutations is adequate to address the beliefs of the Catholics who faithfully follow God? There is no middle ground. It has been and will continue to be that Divine revelation will touch people. Your allusion to Joseph Smith and other belief systems is just a rewording of all that’s gone before. In fact, it takes me back to the Hippie days of 1968 when it seemed everyone was looking into Eastern mysticism and owning a copy of the Tao Te Ching was a big deal.

I’ve read all you’ve written before. And I’m following the new attempts by what I call the Bible Explanation Industry to explain away Jesus Christ. I remember a local underground newspaper running a photo on their front cover showing a pair of feet sticking out of a ground level tomb. The headline: “Easter Cancelled. Christ’s Body Found.”

The anti-God movement has some imaginative people out there, including scientists. Multiverse? Not even a good science-fiction idea, and I’ve written science-fiction.

Peace,
Ed
 
Yes, and that’s all you are doing – saying it. You might as well tell me Aquinas asserts that the sky can’t be blue, and you agree. What’s the problem with infinities, again? I’m not committed to a case of infinite regress, but I’m disciplined enough to know it can’t be summarily dismissed. So I might as well play fast and loose with the axioms like Aquinas, and say it must have been infinite regress, because, well, like Aquinas, it simply must have been!
Oh, I see you for what you are now. You’re a seminar poster. You’ve been sent here to pile on because someone on an atheist forum told you to come here and give those Catholics a run. You are doing nothing more than being argumentative. And, rude. And, disrespectful of the Church and one of our Saints. I will let you continue your hate speech until everyone sees you for what you are. And, the greatest self-revelation is that you had no argument.
QED! OK, glad that’s settled. I can see why Aquinas would have enjoyed being able to get away with that kind of stuff.
Keep talking.
Uhh, Georg Cantor. Transfinite Numbers. Check it out.
Amazing. Do you have any idea what you’re talking about? Now you’re trying to tell me that a transfinite number is the same as an infinite number.
Aquinas was a bright guy, but had little to work with/from, and was doing his work in the 13th century, IIRC. To read some of this, it’s like you missed the last 700+ years of math, philosophy, rationalism. I don’t think you have, but I can’t think of why you would say something like the above, when it’s so trivially refuted, so thoroughly baffled. And not just by Cantor. Cantor was just the definitive nail in the coffin for Aquinas’ credulity on this. It was more difficult back then, I’m sure, but this is another claim by Aquinas that shows a serious small, attenuated imagination.
Let me tell you how easy it is to refute an uncategorical assertion. I herewith hurl an uncategorical denial back at you.
OK, this makes me think you really aren’t familiar with Cantor. Maybe throw me a bone on what your understanding of the above in terms of transfiinites would be. That will calm my nerves a bit, and make me think I’m not wasting my time on this topic with you.
You have just proved to everyone that you do not understand that there’s a difference between “transfinite” and “infinite”. You might want to quit while you’re only this far behind.
This is pure fluff, a bunch of words pretending to have some kind of meaning and polemic value. What does that mean “our sciences tell us that we are able to move about freely, sort of inside of it, in (a) “space”, which is a near-nothingness”?
Wow. I really had no idea how far ahead of you I am.
I think you have some very odd notions about infinity and transfinite numbers. Maybe we need to spawn a thread to just wade through that paragraph above, because you are either such a surpassing genius that that went way over my head (and Cantor’s, and…), or you are yanking my chain with a paragraph like that, pretending it’s even roughly coherent. Maybe that thread will help sort out which (if either) of those is the case.
You are really going to try to tell the world that transfinite and infinite are the same? Can’t you tell that even the words are different. Do you understand that a huge, huge number that can be called “transfinite” IS STILL FINITE?

Well, as I said earlier, just keep talking. Nothing else needs to be said by me. You dug your own grave.

Respects,
jd
 
To Touchstone -

Has it occurred to you, while you revel in your rationality, that this is a Catholic forum? That Catholics come here for Catholic Answers?
Sure. I’m aware - the forum name is a solid clue. Think of me as the “Washington Generals”, the hapless basketball team that had to play the Harlem Globetrotters as the toured the country and world. I’m a good foil, a backdrop, for “Catholic Answers”!

Good discussions need some contrasting ideas. Having theists come press their case on atheist forums or blogs just makes them better, more interesting, and more thoughtful, so long as the parties can keep to ideas, and avoid getting into personal attacks and questions about motives and integrity.
Do you think that your going on and on with rational refutations is adequate to address the beliefs of the Catholics who faithfully follow God?
No. Faith is immune to rational arguments, so long as it would like to be. I’m under no illusions about the invincibility of faith, and the fragile, delicate nature of reason and rationalism by comparison. Faith often covets the gown of rationalism, though (see this thread), and masquerades in it. Rationalism qua rationalism interacting with it will make the masquerading apparent, often enough.
There is no middle ground. It has been and will continue to be that Divine revelation will touch people. Your allusion to Joseph Smith and other belief systems is just a rewording of all that’s gone before. In fact, it takes me back to the Hippie days of 1968 when it seemed everyone was looking into Eastern mysticism and owning a copy of the Tao Te Ching was a big deal.
I’ve read all you’ve written before. And I’m following the new attempts by what I call the Bible Explanation Industry to explain away Jesus Christ. I remember a local underground newspaper running a photo on their front cover showing a pair of feet sticking out of a ground level tomb. The headline: “Easter Cancelled. Christ’s Body Found.”
Heh. I think that would not be sufficient to actually cancel Easter, would it? Faith is invincible.
The anti-God movement has some imaginative people out there, including scientists. Multiverse? Not even a good science-fiction idea, and I’ve written science-fiction.
Peace,
Ed
It may not be a good science fiction idea. But that’s something you could say about lots of real science. Read a little Feynman, and you get a deep sense of the utter absurdity of quantum electrodynamics. It would be laughed at as science fiction. And yet, the evidence, and the tests and the predictions confirm, over and over, this is our reality, strange as it is at the quantum level. When you’re not dealing in fiction, the standards are all different.

-TS
 
continued…

One model advanced by theoretical physicists (e.g. Alan Guth) has our universe just a tiny “pocket universe” in a multiverse that is some 10^23 bigger than our tiny little reality, and that something analogous to a “fractal” is happening – universal enclosure of universes. Maybe it’s helpful to think about our universe being the parent of others? Or, more basically, a “Russian doll set”, where each doll is both enclosed by a similar doll, and encloses a similar doll? That’s just one child, one parent, and that’s NOT what the inflationary model holds, but it may convey the gist of the idea, as a starting point.

When we talk about “outside this universe”, we are talking about the limits of our own local “space-time”. If another universe were just an annex of our universe, addressablein our space-time, it would be part of our universe. An infinity is definitionally bound by space-time. If you listen to physicist and cosmologists, or read their articles, you will note that they often support the idea that our universe is infinite, and yet, just one of billons of universes, each or any of which may be infinite. And they say this on purpose, and understand that to not be a contradiction at all. Do you understand why they might say that?
Ugh. Well, Bertrand just called from the grave and wants to know what caused the First Uncaused Cause. And he’s serious. Simply labeling a thing “uncaused” doesn’t make it so, right? If every thing that is a thing has a cause, what caused your Prime Mover?

The absurdity of what you are saying is so apparent, the defeat of it so complete, that it makes me wonder if you are shining me on, here. No one’s niggling on the margins, and you appear to be serious, so I’ll play along. There’s perfectly no basis for saying there must be a “beginning of causing”. There may be, and if there is, it might as well be our universe itself, no need for the God hypothesis – that’s extraneous, superfuous. But there may not be any " begining of causing" for all we know. It’s folly to think we have any idea either way, in terms of rationalism. In terms of Aquinas-like “intuition” or “I just think…” assertions, well, you can say anything you want on that basis…

-TS
I’m still shocked. That you would even believe any scientist that does not understand the meaning of infinite. I don’t care who they are, I will assert that they are stupid. Infinite is ONE, or, in mathematics, it’s ZERO. Infinities, plural, is perhaps the most contradictory contradiction in existence.

jd
 
Sure. I’m aware - the forum name is a solid clue. Think of me as the “Washington Generals”, the hapless basketball team that had to play the Harlem Globetrotters as the toured the country and world. I’m a good foil, a backdrop, for “Catholic Answers”!

Good discussions need some contrasting ideas. Having theists come press their case on atheist forums or blogs just makes them better, more interesting, and more thoughtful, so long as the parties can keep to ideas, and avoid getting into personal attacks and questions about motives and integrity.
No. Faith is immune to rational arguments, so long as it would like to be. I’m under no illusions about the invincibility of faith, and the fragile, delicate nature of reason and rationalism by comparison. Faith often covets the gown of rationalism, though (see this thread), and masquerades in it. Rationalism qua rationalism interacting with it will make the masquerading apparent, often enough.
Heh. I think that would not be sufficient to actually cancel Easter, would it? Faith is invincible.
It may not be a good science fiction idea. But that’s something you could say about lots of real science. Read a little Feynman, and you get a deep sense of the utter absurdity of quantum electrodynamics. It would be laughed at as science fiction. And yet, the evidence, and the tests and the predictions confirm, over and over, this is our reality, strange as it is at the quantum level. When you’re not dealing in fiction, the standards are all different.

-TS
It appears that you are here because you want to be amused.

I will tell you the truth. Jesus Christ loves you and died for you so that we can all be forgiven and turn to Him. Yes, there are a lot of ideas out there. I urge you to choose life. Real life.

Peace,
Ed
 
So, Aquinas writes his 5 proofs, and there they are, and now, the onus is on the rest of the world to disprove them?

Am I the only one that sees a major goof in that kind of thinking? Who carries the burden of proof here?

Here’s my claim:
  1. There are divine mermaids inhabiting deep and remote parts of the ocean.
  2. God has installed these mermaids as the guardians and temporal authorities over all mankind.
  3. In their wisdom, the divine mermaids have nominated me as their sole representative. I speak for them, who represent God.
Does anyone dare to try to disprove my claim? Is that how the thinking goes, here?

Or is that something I should carry the burden for, and must establish in positive terms?

-TS
  1. No proof
  2. I am glad to see you spelled God with a capitol (G) there is hope for you. Then speak in tongues and get ready to willingly get murdered by a long torturous and slow death if necessary never relinguishing what you have seen and know to be true like the Apostles.
  3. The Apostles or clergy do not speak for anyone but may pray for the salvation of their soul.
Now please prove to me that there were was a revolutionary war in the United States. After all you have is historical writtings, witnesses, and artifacts.

Oh No we have the Bible containing hundreds of thousands of witnesses, historical data to show contries, geograhical markings at the time, and people that we / you have factual data had existed such as kings, queens, rulers, to the ordinary people.

We have artifacts of the Apostles and the Saints.

We have miracles that continue today and are a scientifical unexplainable occurrence.

It is harder to prove atheism than to believe in God.

Wrong way to try to prove your point.

In every mock court case Christ was proven to be Devine
 
“seminar” allegations elided to make my post fit.] I will let you continue your hate speech until everyone sees you for what you are. And, the greatest self-revelation is that you had no argument.
OK, let’s make sure we are clear. Aquinas gets special intellectual consideration because he’s a saint, here? Fine, if that’s the rules. I wasn’t aware. I’ve been proceeding under the assumption that his ideas stand or fall on their own merits. If Aquinas is correct because of his status in the Church, that pretty much short-circuits any thoughtful conversation. Better to know that up front!
Amazing. Do you have any idea what you’re talking about? Now you’re trying to tell me that a transfinite number is the same as an infinite number.
I generally prefer to explain things in my own voice (as should be clear from my posts), but I’ll put a passage in here from the Encyclopedia Brittanica on this:
transfinite number
  • mathematics* Main
denotation of the size of an infinite collection of objects. Comparison of certain infinite collections suggests that they have different sizes even though they are all infinite. For example, the sets of integers, rational numbers, and real numbers are all infinite; but each is a subset of the next. Ordering the size of sets according to the subset relation results in too many classifications and gives no way of comparing the size of sets involving different elements. Sets of different elements can be compared by pairing them off and seeing which set has leftover elements. If the fractions are listed in a special way, they can be paired off with the integers with no numbers left over from either set. Any infinite set that can be thus paired off with the integers is called countably, or denumerably, infinite.
There’s more here, and goodness, at thousands of other places on the net, if you’d go look. “Transfinite” is a way to talk about infinities, and the term is useful precisely because “infinity” in the medieval (or classical) sense is epistemically problematic; this is what Cantor contributed to mathematics. “Transfinite” include the semantics ofr actual infinities, and, expressed via sets, formal methods for (gasp!) ordering infinities, where one infinite collection is found to be larger than another.

If you want to talk about Cantor, the philosophy of infinity and transfinite numbers, that might make a great thread. It’s a subject I’m quite interested in.
Let me tell you how easy it is to refute an uncategorical assertion. I herewith hurl an uncategorical denial back at you.
The irony!
You have just proved to everyone that you do not understand that there’s a difference between “transfinite” and “infinite”. You might want to quit while you’re only this far behind.
“Transfinite” is a term deployed to describe and classifiy infinities. Cantor’s work (and you can find further refinements to his axiomata in Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory (ZFC), for example) applies formality to the idea, and produces frameworks for both variable infinity and actual infinity. Gauss had declared a century before that “infinity” is just a “way of speaking” – which is problematic for Aquinas’ claim in its own right – but Cantor brought forward the idea of the completed, infinite set. And IIRC, his conclusion was that “Christianity now has for the first time the true theory of infinity”.
Wow. I really had no idea how far ahead of you I am.
It all becomes clear with more and more exchange.
You are really going to try to tell the world that transfinite and infinite are the same? Can’t you tell that even the words are different. Do you understand that a huge, huge number that can be called “transfinite” IS STILL FINITE?
Here’s the opening paragraph on transfinites from Wikipedia, which uses pretty straightforward language in supporting what I’m saying:
Transfinite numbers are cardinal numbers or ordinal numbers that are larger than all finite numbers, yet not necessarily absolutely infinite. The term transfinite was coined by Georg Cantor, who wished to avoid some of the implications of the word infinite in connection with these objects, which were nevertheless not finite. Few contemporary workers share these qualms; it is now accepted usage to refer to transfinite cardinals and ordinals as “infinite”. However, the term “transfinite” also remains in use.
Note the “**larger than all finite numbers” **distinction there. Obviously, the people that wrote that are in the crazy conspiracy to undermine your claims here! Oh, and don’t forget the “not finite” part. That’s a problem for what you’re claiming here, too.
Well, as I said earlier, just keep talking. Nothing else needs to be said by me. You dug your own grave.
Respects,
jd
Irony, I tell ya!

Let me know if you want to spin up a thread on this, and we can cover this in detail, and you will really show us how much tomfoolery I’m up to here.

-TS
 
I think you are no better off in terms of historicity with the Virgin Birthm if that’s what you are thinking. If you are thinking all this is validated by arranging to ride into Jerualem on an ***, then we are going to have to stop and talk shop about rationalism, once again.
hardly, lineage, ethnicity, nature of injuries, location of minitsry, specific miracles, birhtplace, that ride into jerusalem, company at the crucifixion, too may specifics too lightly dismiss.
And yet… they didn’t recognize him. As for “reasonable”, there’s little to do but shake my head when I’m being given a “rationalist” analysis that has “getting fooled” losing to A DEAD MAN COMING BACK TO LIFE AFTER THREE DAYS DEAD. It beggars the imagination to think that’s being offered not as faith but as rationalism. It’s nothing short of Orwellian.
if you want rationalism stick to metaphysics, if you want theology to be rational, then we do need to talk about the scope of rationalism.

that said, we, or at least i , am refering to the viewpoint of the apostles, the witnesses of these things. for them, already being aware of lazarus, and the other situations of healing made the ressuerection ultimately believable, when they witnessed Christ, who, they eventually did recognize. they after all, gave lifetimes to the cause.
Well, why don’t you say so, then. Comparative theology? We might as well be talking about astrology or interesting strategies for homeopathy!
i have no clue what your trying to get at here, you after all brought up other faiths.
And you embrace the Resurrection on rationalist terms, you say?
i accept that the apostles were rational, intelligent men. i have no reason not to.
The apostles were actual physical witnesses to what?
three years of Christs activities, and then their own lifetimes of ministries, all the miracles, people, personalities, etc, the totality of the circumstances that led them to give their lives over in poverty, disdain, imprsonment, torture, and eventual martyrdom
Weren’t Joseph Smith Jr.'s Eight Witness, and the “Three Witnesses” subgroup of that were actual, physical witnesses to the Golden Plates and heard God’s voice declaring their divine charter.
your talking about the witnesses that had multiple wives, power and authority, based on their witness? doesnt pass the smell test there.

but the apostles recieved nothing good for their troubles, they could have simply walked away. insteade they suffered, never having things, wives, children, even safety.
huge difference.
If that’s all it takes, in terms of rationalism, you’re as Mormon as you are Catholic.
Unless it’s not really a rationalist heuristic being applied…
you seem very intent on dismissing any rational qulity to theism, why? i think even in comparative theology the evidence may be examined rationally to some extent.
Yes, but you aren’t a witness to any of those things, but only a remote hearer of hearsay.
actually, as a Catholic, i was a witness, no, not first hand, but as the succesors to the Seat of Peter, we were present for it all, there is an unbroken line, from that first meeting of Peter and Christ, on the shores of Galilee, to the mass being offered rightnow, somewhere in the world.
Find a local prosecutor some time and ask him about hearsay, if you think that’s anything more than desire and confirmation bias you are standing on
.

what specifically do you find to be meeting those conditions?
How far do you suppose hearsay about a dead man coming to life after three days dead would go in court? Would it stand up on its own, per rationalism?
if you had appropriate, non-biased witnesses, and multiple witnesses at that, yes it would.

suppose a dozen doctors testified that they had witnessed the ressurection of someone, would that make it more believable? what if then they still swore to it in the face of alife spent on the run, with no wife, children, or safety? would that be more believable?
what if then these same doctors swore to it even after they had suffered seperately for decades, and you then tortured them to death, needing only a recantation to stop?
would you then believe them.

i think its entirely rational to accept something so seemingly out landish when one see the extreme price paid to support it, especially as all that suffering and death could be avoided, just by getting into your boat and going fishing again.

it seems irrational to suppose that one would accept a life of deprivation and a tortured death for something one knew was absolutely true, much less something one had even the barest shades of doubt about.

why support even the truth, when the price is so great? much less something thatwas doubtful in any way?
Maybe it wouldn’t even begin to be anything but laughable as a basis for accepting it in terms of rationalism, eh? What would the prosecutor say?
the prosecutor would ask for the chain of evidence. i would hand Him Catholicism
that said, i notice that you seem to want me to defend Christain doctrine, as happy as i am to do that, we still need to discuss the problem of our existence, or as Aquinas put it, First Cause.

i wonder if you intend to debate the issue? from whence did we come?
 
continued…
One model advanced by theoretical physicists (e.g. Alan Guth) has our universe just a tiny “pocket universe” in a multiverse that is some 10^23 bigger than our tiny little reality, and that something analogous to a “fractal” is happening – universal enclosure of universes. Maybe it’s helpful to think about our universe being the parent of others? Or, more basically, a “Russian doll set”, where each doll is both enclosed by a similar doll, and encloses a similar doll? That’s just one child, one parent, and that’s NOT what the inflationary model holds, but it may convey the gist of the idea, as a starting point.
sounds like infinte regeress to me, or a cyclic universe, aviolation of the second law of thermodynamics.
When we talk about “outside this universe”, we are talking about the limits of our own local “space-time”. If another universe were just an annex of our universe, addressablein our space-time, it would be part of our universe. An infinity is definitionally bound by space-time. If you listen to physicist and cosmologists, or read their articles, you will note that they often support the idea that our universe is infinite,
no one seriously supports an infinite universe, it violates the observable evidence of the big bang. the boudary of the universe is a factor of the speed of the expansion from the ‘singularity’ for lack of a better word.

thats the whole point of the dark matter/energy debate, the universe is not only dimesionally finite, but also materially finite.
and yet, just one of billons of universes, each or any of which may be infinite. And they say this on purpose, and understand that to not be a contradiction at all. Do you understand why they might say that?
because it gets them on the discovery chanel?, ok im kidding, but guth and other are presenting “maybes” all of which have giant holes in them.
Ugh. Well, Bertrand just called from the grave and wants to know what caused the First Uncaused Cause. And he’s serious. Simply labeling a thing “uncaused” doesn’t make it so, right? If every thing that is a thing has a cause, what caused your Prime Mover?
noithing, being non-physical means not being subject to any of the physical, or temporal laws. causality doesnt need apply.
 
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