What did the third satellite find?
A curious coincidence
Except for the quadrupole and octupole, which are just a few degrees away from each other. This coincidence was first noted by NASA’s early
WMAP mission, but many dismissed it as a statistical fluke that would surely go away with better measurements.
It didn’t go away with better measurements. And it gets worse.
It seems that the CMB is slightly cooler when viewed through the “top half” of our solar system, and slightly warmer on the opposite side. I’m not talking much; just a handful of microKelvin difference, but it’s measurable and definitely there.
Plus, this peculiar relationship to
our solar system is aligned with the quadrupole and octupole.
Around the axis
That’s odd. It’s one thing for two of the multipoles to be aligned — maybe that’s just random coincidence — but it’s another for them to be associated with our solar system. Hence the nickname “Axis of Evil,” a tongue-in-cheek reference to President George W. Bush’s labeling of Iran, Iraq, and North Korea in 2002.
What’s going on? The CMB shouldn’t give two photons about our solar system — it was generated before the sun was a twinkle in the Milky Way’s eye. And we can’t find any simple astrophysical explanation, like a random cloud of dust in our southern end, that might interfere with the pristine cosmological signal in this odd way.
Is it really just coincidence? A chance alignment that we’re conditioned to find because of our pattern-loving brains? Or does it seductively point the way to new and revolutionary physics? Or maybe we just screwed something up with the measurements?
-and-
Look this way
This “principle of mediocrity” (also sometimes dubbed the Copernican Principle in an effort to salvage our ego) is baked right into the very mathematics that cosmologists use to understand and model the universe: general relativity. The equations of GR are…complex, to say the least, so to make any headway at all physicists must make some simplifying assumptions.