Levels of Organization in Biology (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
In the hierarchy theory of evolution, a distinction is made between two types of hierarchies and the corresponding levels (Eldredge 1996; Vrba & Eldredge 1984): The ecological and the genealogical hierarchy. In both kinds of hierarchies, higher-level things are formed through specific interactions among lower-level things.
The cut ‘n’ paste above is
not an indication that a new species is considered ‘a higher order’ than its progenitor. The hierarchy refers to the level at which selection occurs.
'…the hierarchical organization of nature into levels is an important background assumption, as the aim is to find out at
which level(s) of the biological hierarchy natural selection is taking place…'
Biologists such as Dawkins nominates that the selection happens at the level of the gene (the ‘selfish gene’) but others promote the level to be higher:
"Although Darwin’s original account was focused on evolution at the level of organisms, arguably the conditions for natural selection can be formulated abstractly without referring to any specific kinds of entities, which allows for natural selection to operate
at any level where the conditions are satisfied (Griesemer 2000; Lewontin 1970).
Since the 1970s, the debate on
levels of selection has kept on growing and extending to different areas, though no precise consensus has been reached. Positions range from the gene-centered view, where natural selection is taken to operate almost exclusively at the level of genes (e.g., Dawkins 1976; Williams 1966), to the pluralistic multilevel selection theory, which allows for natural selection to operate
on any level of the biological hierarchy where we find the right kind of units."
There are two options now to consider. First that you didn’t read the whole article from which you selected that first paragraph so didn’t realise that it didn’t mean what you thought it did. Or second that you read it but just didn’t understand it. From your well documented lack of understanding of evolution, I’m going with the second option.
Now what are the chances of your response to the matter of the number of microevolutionary changes ‘allowed’? Slim I’d suggest but I feel obliged to ask for something positive from you. You are still holding to your standard m.o. of doing your best to refute science without promoting your own beliefs. As it’s the central aspect of your views then I’d like you to explain them.
And in passing, the environment doesn’t
cause changes. Changes in the environment
result in changes to organisms (as rossum and Hume stated) but do not
cause them. I mean, how many times do I really have to explain this?
But please,
post something positive and explain your microevolution problem.