I can only speak clearly for one Protestant faith since I was a member of that denomination before converting to Catholicism.
When I was Baptist, I never heard about repenting of a sin. When I got “saved” at 5 and said the Sinner’s Prayer, I was taught that all my sins in the past, present and future are forgiven. So if all my sins in the future were already forgiven, there would be no need to confess and repent of them. This of course is a concept that is gravely wrong, but that is how they are taught.
You may have mentioned this before and I’ve forgotten, but what Baptist church was it you were in? I’ve attended three different conferences of Baptist churches, and none of them teach anything like what you have described.
For Southern Baptists, Boyce is the most commonly referred to systematic theology, and he says this about justification:
It is thus evident that works occupy the position of subsequent, not antecedent, accompaniments of justification. They manifest that justification has taken place, because they are invariable consequence. They do this, however, not before man only, but God also, and consequently he, as well as man, perceives them, and because of them the believer performing these good works is justified before God. But such justification is not that actual justification which takes place in connection with faith, which is the judicial act of God declaring the relation of the believer to the law, but that declarative or manifesting justification, which cannot exist except as the result of the actual justification, but which is so inseparably connected with the latter that by its presence, or absence, the existence or non-existence of justification is distinctly established.
founders.org/library/boyce1/ch35.html
And this about repentance:
To set forth explicitly what Christian Repentance is, it may be stated that it includes
- An intellectual and spiritual perception of the opposition between holiness in God and sin in man. It does not look at sin as the cause of punishment but abhors it because it is vile in the sight of God and involves in heinous guilt all who are sinners.
- It consequently includes sorrow and self-loathing, and earnest desire to escape the evil of sin. The penitent soul does not so much feel the greatness of its danger as the greatness of its sinfulness.
- It also includes an earnest turning to God for help and deliverance from sin, seeking pardon for guilt and aid to escape its presence.
It is also accompanied by deep regret because of the sins committed in the past, and by determination with God’s help to avoid sin and live in holiness hereafter. The heart heretofore against God and for sin is now against sin and for God.
founders.org/library/boyce1/ch33.html
And of sanctification:
- It is a real sanctification, not merely one that is imputed, as is righteousness. Holiness is not merely “accounted to men,” so that they are treated as though holy, but they are made holy. Holiness becomes the characteristic of their natures. It is habitually exercised in their lives. It will eventually be possessed in perfection. It is real and in no sense only virtual.
- It is of the whole nature. The renewed nature, given in regeneration, shows that sanctification includes the whole spiritual part of man. It is not to be confined to mere outward actions. . . But sanctification is to be extended to the body likewise. Its appetites and passions are to be controlled, wicked actions are to cease, and unholy habits to be put away, the members of the body are to be mortified, all filthiness of the flesh to be cleansed, good works are to be exhibited to mankind, and such high moral duties to be performed as are imposed upon Christians as obligatory towards each other and the world. founders.org/library/boyce1/ch37.html
Faith alone is equivalent to Spiritual alone. We don’t live solely in a Spiritual Reality, our Reality is Spiritual and Physical. If Faith alone is sufficient then why must we do the Physical act of Praying or Repenting?
Itwin pointed out that sola fide is not the sum total of Christian theology. Justification is often referred to as being by grace alone, through faith alone, for Christ’s sake alone, but justification is not all there is to man’s relationship to God. Election, calling, conversion, repentance, faith, justification, adoption, sanctification, and perseverance are all chapters in understanding our relationship to God, even for those who hold the concept of sola fide.
founders.org/library/boyce1/toc.html