Ancient Babylon, a fairly sexually progressive society and you can tell from their art and their literature that largely anything went and it was largely acceptable. On the scene comes Hammurabi, the Code of Hammurabi … There are about 270 laws in the Code of Hammurabi. 65 of them have to do with marriage law. He is the first person who really defined marriage in the law as a legal institution, as a cultural institution. Why, why would he do that? … Everyone’s happy, they have their emotional bonds, they are doing their thing and they’re happy about. Why did some guy have to come along and muck it all up? Well becaue he is noting the benefits that Bill was talking about, from one of those types of relationship. That commited relationship between a man and a woman, a lifelong relationship between a man and a woman that unites them with their children and he sees… this was a guy who was interested in creating order in his society, right, and he sees five ben… I’m gonna say five benefits, I didn’t interview him lately, but he saw benefitrs right, that we can see today in marriage, that doesn’t exist in any other relationship form. He sees what we call marriage increasesd the likelihood of children being raised by their own mother and father, that is a good thing for society. He sees that children raised in traiditonal marriage fare better than children from other types of relationships, they become better citizens, he wants that. He sees that women in these relationships have better socio-economic status and it protects them in some way than other relationships do. He sees that marriage socialises men, here’s something we don’t appreciate … marriage increases likelihood that husbands will provide for their children … the National crime victimisation survey of the justice department over 9 years, reported that violent crimes, only 9% of married men commit violent men; 65% of violent crime against women is commited by unmarried men. And the fifth benefit is that it increases the likelihood that society will maintain replacement ferility levels … because people who are married have more children than those who don’t. The gap is narrowing a bit but it still is the case that married people have more children than unmarried people and we need that for civilisation to continue. We hear an awful lot about the population bomb and the explosion and all of that, well in Western society population is contracting and it a huge problem in Western Europe where now France and Italy are looking at paying parents to have more children, Russia now too. California is now looking at that too because they are now having a top down society. So we are now seeing as marriage erodes, we are seeing a decrease in the benefits there.