C
Cavaradossi
Guest
I have already laid out the grounds for my objection to the idea that Dositheus teaches purgatory. Dositheus is following the tradition of the Orthodox East, which according to St. Mark of Ephesus, does not recognize the idea that God must punish sins which have been forgiven with temporal punishment. What suffering the dead might experience, according to St. Mark, is a foretaste of the eternal punishment. The dead then are not released by receiving a temporal punishment which is due for them, but rather by the prayers of the faithful, by the commemorations during the sacrifice of the Eucharist, and the Goodness of God. I provided for proof a short quotation from a letter from the Ecumenical Patriarch read at the synod of Iassy, which in response to Cyril Lukaris’ 18th article in his confession, criticizes him for warring against the custom of memorial services, under the pretext of overthrowing the notion of purgatorial fire, indicating that the Ecumenical Patriarchate at the time did not subscribe to the idea of purgatory as it was taught in the Latin West. It is also in line with St. Mark of Ephesus’ understanding of the fate of the departed, as well as the 1583 condemnation issued against the doctrine of purgatory by the Ecumenical Patriarchate. The Orthodox do not believe in the Latin system of purgatory (namely, the idea that one who dies without having completed his penance has a certain amount of temporal punishment due for his sins committed), though we do believe that prayers for the dead are efficacious, and that those who died without having produced the fruits of repentance descend into Hades for a time, in order to be healed, and are in need of the prayers of the faithful, the sacrifice of the Eucharist, and the supreme Goodness of God in order to secure their purification and release from there. But as St. Mark of Ephesus teaches, this purification and release is not accomplished either by a purgatorial fire or by a definite punishment (as it would be with a system where the departed must undergo temporal punishment due for their sins), something which Dositheus also does not teach in the 18th article of his confession.Your discussion of Purgatory is really far removed from the discussion, and I will not say much about it for that reason, but I will comment since I quoted Dositheus. First, my point in quoting was not to prove Purgatory, but to show that repentance was an act. As you pointed out, the actions given are probably meant as “the fruits of repentance,” especially since it identifies “fruit” with “satisfaction,” in which case it wasn’t a great prooftext on my part, though it does not deny an act of repentance. Second, with regards to Purgatory, your disagreement is not with Purgatory itself (which Dositheus is clearly teaching), but the nature of temporal punishment, which you say is purely medicinal. Is this a valid objection? St. Thomas more than once quotes Aristotle (Ethics II.3) saying, “punishment is a kind of medicine.” He multiple reasons why a debt of temporal punishment should remain after the sin has been removed. One is satisfaction.
The virtuous man does not deserve punishment simply, but he may deserve it as satisfactory: because his very virtue demands that he should do satisfaction for his offenses against God or man. (I-II, 87, 6, ad. 2)
Another is medicinal.
When the stain is removed, the wound of sin is healed as regards the will. But punishment is still requisite in order that the other powers of the soul be healed, since they were so disordered by the sin committed, so that, to wit, the disorder may be remedied by the contrary of that which caused it. (I-II 87, 6, ad. 3)
Also, to avoid scandal.
Moreover punishment is requisite in order to restore the equality of justice, and to remove the scandal given to others, so that those who were scandalized at the sin many be edified by the punishment, as may be seen in the example of David quoted above. (Ibid.)
It would be a mistake to reject the idea of satisfaction because there is a medicinal element. Why did Christ institute the mass? Not because it is absolutely necessary for God to communicate the merits of Christ to humanity because God is omnipotent. But God gave us the mass because man is obligated to worship God with sacrifice, and God gave man the most perfect sacrifice to offer to Him, his Only-Begotten Son. To say that the mass has a medicinal purpose would be correct, but that does not do away with man’s obligation to worship his creator. In the same way, man is obliged by justice to make reparations for his crimes as far as he able.
Your objection that our suffering does not “accomplish” our release from Purgatory is confused. Our works do not “accomplish” our salvation, but that does not mean that our works are not necessary.