One of the more elegant ways I’ve heard explaining the apparent conflict between what science has shown to be more likely (polygenism), and what what the Church teaches (that there were a literal Adam and Eve), goes something like this:
There is a distinction between someone who is genetically human, and one who is spiritually human. A “genetic human” would be one of the long-ago ancestors that Homo sapiens evolved from, but were without the same sort of soul that humans have - rather, they had animal souls. A “spiritual human” are Homo sapiens with human souls.
At some point in evolutionary history, God, in his infinite wisdom, deemed it appropriate to give human souls to two Homo sapiens, who were born from animal parents. They were thus capable of rational thought and therefore became capable of sin, and determining what is right from what is wrong. They sinned together - what this sin is is unclear] - and thus caused all of their descendants, who would naturally have human souls like their parents, to inherit original sin. They would still have bred with the other Homo sapiens (which would technically have been bestiality, and therefore may have been the first sin), so all they would still be the parents of all humanity.
So basically, all this argument does is make a distinction between “genetic polygenism” and “spiritual polygenism”, allowing for humans to have still come from a group of common genetic ancestors, but from only two spiritual ancestors, which we call Adam and Eve.
I haven’t seen a definitive Catholic response to this though, so it may have some form of error in it that I’m not aware of. But so far, it’s the best answer that I’ve heard before.