trth_skr:
Wow! The Church sure moves fast these days. When was he declared a heretic by the Church? I must have missed the announcement.
Mark Wyatt
www.veritas-catholic.blogspot.com
No you didn’t…I just did!
As with every other sin, Christians must strive not to attribute the sin of heresy to their neighbour as long as another explanation remains possible. But charity does not require mental gymnastics in order to excuse what is manifest.
Private individuals can recognise someone as a heretic before the direct judgment of the church, if the false doctrine is in manifest and direct opposition to a truth that must certainly be believed with divine and Catholic faith.
It is morally certain that the culprit is aware of the conflict between his opinion and the teaching of the Catholic Church.
The private individual may “judge” that someone is a heretic in the sense of recognising a fact - the epistemological meaning of the word “judge” - and not in the juridical sense of pronouncing a definitive sentence. Hence such judgments can oblige only the conscience of the person forming them, and no one else.
Denzinger 1105: Pope Alexander VII condemned the statement that one is not obliged to denounce to the authorities someone whom one knows to be certainly a heretic if one does not have strict proof that he is a heretic. This condemnation directly implies that private individuals can sometimes know that someone is a heretic before the authorities of the Church realise this, and even without having strict proof.
St Alphonsus Liguori treats the duty of denouncing heretics even among the members of one’s own family. He declares that this duty obliges without exception, but only when the miscreant is truly and formally a heretic and not only suspected or erring in good faith. This distinction, presented in a clear and detailed manner, would be perfectly otiose if individuals were unable to recognise heretics before the authorities had intervened. So St Alphonsus clearly presumes that individuals can at times distinguish suspicion of heresy from certainty and can recognise the presence or absence of pertinacity. (Theologia Moralis, lib. 5, n. 250)
Canon 1325 gives the classic definition of the word “heretic”, taken from St Thomas: “a baptised person who, while continuing to call himself a Christian, pertinaciously denies or doubts a truth which must be believed with divine and Catholic faith.” Canonists are agreed that the pertinacity in question consists in knowing that the doctrine one denies (or doubts) is taught by the Church as revealed. No other condition, such as authoritative judgment is required to make someone a heretic.
Holy Scripture often warns us to beware of heretics. It does not seem possible to understand all these texts as referring exclusively to those who have been condemned as such in person by the Church or who belong to sects which are notoriously outside her communion