The article, from the 1907 Catholic Encyclopedia, asks the question, “are we talking about a flood that affected all of the earth, or only part of the earth (but all of the people living at the time)?” Its answer is interesting: it asserts that the current (at the time!) state of science was that science couldn’t refute the story of the flood, but that it could only point out that – if the flood actually killed off all but eight people – it would have had to have happened a long,
long time ago. Therefore, the article asserts, since there’s no conclusive science, we have to go with the authority of Scripture in the matter; and therefore, it says, from a theological viewpoint, it
must mean that all but eight of the people alive at the time died in the flood.
Here’s the thing: the article’s conclusions explicitly say “science doesn’t offer any refutation, and so we’ll use Scripture to address the ‘science’ of the flood.” The situation has changed since 1907, though. Current scientific evidence (i.e., genetic evidence, gleaned from DNA) suggests that there was never such a severe bottleneck in human populations. Therefore, the article’s logic is outdated. Can we use a 16th or 17th century interpretation of Scripture – unchallenged, as it were, by scientific evidence to the contrary – to ‘prove’ that the flood killed all humans but eight? Not by the logic of this article…