Thanks, that was an interesting article…But in the mean time I have some other questions the first of which ties in with Fesar’s entire approach:
Don’t you think it is a disservice for a theist to use logic and science to argue the existence of God? Consider that belief in God is by definition, faith-based. When I was a Catholic, it was my understanding that God was irrational and that faith is unreasonable and unreliable, it is just something you can choose to have. This is supported by William of Ockham …
I’ve seen attempts to use Occam’s razor to support the existence of the Christian God, but this is simply a misuse of the concept. … There simply does not need to be a God.
Thanks in advance for your replies!
I’ve divided your post into 3 main sections to make answering it easier. So for your first, “isn’t God’s existence a matter of faith, which is irrational, and so argument is either irrelevant or impossible?”
As Al M. has said, I do not see that any Christian need accept this understanding of faith. Thomas Aquinas, the greatest philosopher of the Middle Ages and one of the greatest of all time, certainly did not and disagreed with William of Occam. Hence his 5 arguments for the existence of God as well and work demonstrating the reasonableness of Christian doctrine. Like Aquinas, I think that there are many good arguments for God’s existence, including scientific and philosophical evidence for the origins of the universe, an explanation of why something exists rather than nothing (contingency argument), the fine-tuning of the universe for life, the existence of objective moral values and duties, and historical evidence for the Resurrection of Jesus. A summary of some can be found here:
5 Reasons God exists, while the Christian philosopher Alvin Plantinga, in a recent lecture, listed
26 good arguments for God.
So what about faith, you ask? Faith is not simply a matter of blind belief. It is not even merely a matter of
belief. That is only one level of faith. On this level, Aquinas consider faith to be the intellectual assent to truths “above” reason. By above reason, he did not mean irrational, but not strictly provable by reason. For example, he did not think it possible to prove the doctrine of the Trinity. One had to accept it on faith. This faith, however, was not illogical, but based on certain axioms that could be proven, such as the existence of God. God’s existence and Christian miracles confirm the articles of faith. So to Thomas God’s existence was not a matter of faith, though people who could not follow the arguments could rationally accept it on faith.
Second, and this is the key part, I think. I have said that faith is not merely a matter of belief. I think that it is not even primarily a matter of belief. Even devil’s have that. Satan
believes in God, but he does not have
faith. Faith is not simply a matter of belief, but a commitment of one’s entire being to God. But notice that this is perfectly compatible with there being good reasons for believing in God. So I would deny that belief in God is primarily faith based. It can be, rationally so, since God has made us to naturally know him. But belief in God can also be based in evidence. This does not destroy faith in the essential sense, the sense of one’s choice to commit oneself to God.
Now, furthermore, I do not agree that God’s existence complicates things, more than not. I do not myself use Occam’s razor to argue for God, but I think attempts to use it to argue for atheism are flawed. For instance, God’s existence makes sense of many facts of the universe including, the beginning of the universe, its fine-tuning for life, and the existence of objective moral values and duties. The proof of this is the complicated nonsense, such as weird theories of multiverses that atheist must come up with to try to explain these facts. So in many cases atheism leads to greater problems and complexity. I do not think that God’s existence leads to more complications except with the problem of evil. But even here, denying God leads to problems because, if there is no God, what do you mean by evil?
As there is no physical way to scientifically examine or test which belief system is correct, how can one determine which is right?
But if this is true, then how could we decide that atheism is right? It would just be one more truth claim that we could not asses. Obviously, if there are competing truth claims only one can be right. But I disagree that we can not test which truth claim, or religion is better than others. Actually, Christianity is unique in this sense, in that we can test it. Why? If there is good historical evidence that Jesus rose from the dead, so good that evidence for it is superior to evidence for any other religion, then we should believe that Christianity is true. As it happens, I do think evidence for Christianity is very good as people like, NT Wright, Gary Habermas, William Lane Craig, Carsten Peter Thiede, and many others have argued in popular and scholarly sources, and I myself have argued on the board in several threads. If we should believe Christianity on the evidence, then obviously, we should reject competing and incompatible truth claims such as Zeus, Isis etc. Reason can also asses some problems with those as well, but I am trying to be brief. On the resurrection see:
NT Wright- Surprised by Hope (chap. 3-4), The Resurrection of the Son of God,
ntwrightpage.com/Wright_Jesus_Resurrection.htm
William Lane Craig- The Son Rises (book), Reasonable faith chap. 8,
reasonablefaith.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5351