"The New Jerome Biblical Commentary dates Matthew’s Gospel between A.D. 80 and 90 and more likely toward the end of that decade. This seems to be the received opinion, but it is being challenged today not just by the exegetes I have mentioned, but from another direction, that of papyrology. At the end of 1994 Carsten Thiede, a papyrologist who directs the Institute for Basic Epistemological Research in Paderborn, Germany, announced his findings concerning three papyrus scraps belonging to Magdalen College, Oxford.
The scraps contain phrases from the twenty-sixth chapter of Matthew’s Gospel. A few decades earlier the scraps had been dated as coming from the end of the second century and therefore were thought uninteresting and were forgotten, but
Thiede, literally taking a fresh look by using a newly invented high-power microscope, concluded that the dating was faulty. He said the scraps were written no later than the year 60, which is to say about three decades earlier than the date given in The New Jerome Biblical Commentary. As The Times of London said, the finding “provides the first material evidence that the Gospel according to St. Matthew is an eyewitness account written by contemporaries of Christ.”
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“Thus it appears that it may not be the new apologists who are uncritical in their positions. It may be that their opinions will be, in a few years’ time, in considerably greater favor than the ones now preferred by their opponents. With that prospect in mind, perhaps I need not take too seriously Fr. Rausch’s complaint that I take “the Bread of Life Discourse in John 6 as the historical words of Jesus rather than as the Eucharistic theology of the Johannine community.” I plead nolo contendere, since** I think the evidence points to an early date for the composition of John’s Gospel—at least thirty years earlier than generally thought—and, if so, John must have been the author of the Gospel attributed to him.** There would have been no time for any “Johannine community” to arise and to embellish his writings. Thus the words attributed to Jesus in John 6 are likely to be his ipsissima verba, not just his ipsissima vox.”