T
tonyrey
Guest
Please explain which of the first ten articles should be adapted - and in what ways:Well, precisely then! The term ‘primitive’ may seem to fit those northern Nigerians, but could sound rather insulting. That was my point, and I’m sure it would seem like a poor move if I said “Don’t listen to what they’ve got to say on life, they’re primitive.”
I did not say the UDHR was merely legalistic, but we shouldn’t assume it is the universal format and means of the expression of common desires for wellbeing. Human rights frameworks can play havoc with the traditions and practices of many societies that were until recently relatively unconnected with modern globalisation. G. C. Spivak points this out for a particular Indian community she works with, whose universal rights to fair representation are difficult to achieve consistently with their culture. European/American notions of civil society are intruded upon indigenous ways of living, and their culture is sidelined. For example, UN quotas put women in positions of power (great, satisfies the UN), who are unfortunately inexperienced and prone to manipulation by elders and outsiders, resulting in an impasse. The alternative (so Spivak thinks, and it’s not easy to tell what sometimes) is to learn from these communities, and to adapt western human rights so as to have them make sense in terms of local meanings and practices. That way, the grounds are laid for some sort of indigenous democratic government to develop.
Article 1.
- All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Article 2. - Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.
Code:**Article 3.** - Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.
Code:**Article 4.** - No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.
Code:**Article 5.** - No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
Code:**Article 6.** - Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.
Code:**Article 7.** - All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.
Code:**Article 8.** - Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.
Code:**Article 9.** - No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
Code:**Article 10.** - Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.