How significant was Socrates?

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spock

**Do you mean to say he was wise in being able to comprehend the will of God, but foolish in being unwilling to obey the will of God? **

Yes, that is an excellent way to put it! 🙂
 
Socrates tells us himself many times how unwise he is.
He was mortified when the oracle at Delphi told him he was the wisest man in Athens.
Yes, and I’d add that the wisdom Socrates did receive was the wisdom he learned from others, rather than any he came up with on his own. He does a good job of explaining this in Theatetus, where he calls himself a barren midwife. Perhaps what he meant to convey is that he had wisdom, but he had no good reason to take credit for it himself?

👍
But we must look at it in relative context. Humans are by nature imperfect, and in this life we are hindered both by the fact that there are physical limitations to the human mind and that it has a predisposition for some decidedly unwise traits such as excessive pride and ego. I would make the following claim: In comparison to the whole sum of wisdom in the universe and to beings not bound by material limitations Socrates was unwise, but he was much wiser than his contemporaries and as such can be considered wise.
Would you say Socrates had less wisdom about how to avoid being arrogant than the modern man? We have a great deal of new information, today, but is there anything new about the human condition?
While some wisdom seams to be universal there are many various areas one may be wise in. One who is wise in the art of debate may be unwise in the art of war, and one wise in the art of war may be unwise in the way of the farmer, etc. In addition the wise action for a man to take is very dependent on his goals. If a man walks down a road on a long journey but is not in haste to reach his destination it is wise of him to rest. But a man who travels the same road on a matter of urgency may be wise to continue on lest his errand be done to late.
In this instance I believe Socrates makes the wise choice. If his goal was survival it would have certainly been wise, but it was not. Throughout Crito he seems to imply his goal is to make a martyr of himself, and understands that to flee Athens would undermine all his work. Personaly I believe it was a wise choice, but that may be colored by my own romanticism and religious views on death.
Yes, the goal one chooses does indeed have bearing on what method one chooses to achieve that goal. The more effective the method, the wiser the choice, in that case.

But the case about which I’m asking is different. Please allow me clarify my question: When I asked,

If Socrates did choose to flee in a ship rather than drink the poison in compliance with his death sentance, would this escaping death be wise?

I was actually not wondering what method to achieve his goal was wisest. Instead, I was wondering what goal was wisest. That is, what I want to know is this: Do you think it wise of Socrates to choose the goal of dying a martyr, rather than fleeing for his life? Based on your knowledge of Crito, what is your opinion?
Well, from what I have read of Buddhism void is more of a state of having no essence. It is associated with the mind in that it is connected to meditation, but Its exact meaning varying from tradition to tradition. I don’t think it is very comporable to Logos in that it void is the absence of thought.
I think what the message of Musashi’s void scroll is to move from thinking to simply doing. To perfect ones art to the point where it does not require thought.
I find it fascinating that the Greek Pagan–and later the Christian–tends to look for the Divine in thought, or wisdom, while the Buddhist looks for the Divine by ceasing the think. As a Germanic Pagan, what do you think of these two ways of getting closer to God or the gods?
 
spock

**Do you mean to say he was wise in being able to comprehend the will of God, but foolish in being unwilling to obey the will of God? **

Yes, that is an excellent way to put it! 🙂
Then I think we should reconsider our definition of wisdom. If wisdom is obeying God, then Solomon certainly was not wise! It seems wisdom is not *both *knowing the will of God and obeying the will of God. For the wise Solomon received the former, but refused the later. But if there is still doubt, consider God’s answer to Solomon’s prayer:

11 God said to Solomon, “Since this is your heart’s desire and you have not asked for wealth, possessions or honor, nor for the death of your enemies, and since you have not asked for a long life but for wisdom and knowledge to govern my people over whom I have made you king, 12 therefore wisdom and knowledge will be given you. And I will also give you wealth, possessions and honor, such as no king who was before you ever had and none after you will have.”

(2 Chronicles 1)

Notice that God gives wisdom to Solomon, and the knowledge one receives from God can certainly be given. But how is it possible to be given obedience by God? Is not the opposite true–that obedience to God is what we give to him, rather than what we receive from him?

So I’m now thinking I was wrong to think obedience to God is wisdom, but what do you think?
 
spock
**
Then I think we should reconsider our definition of wisdom. If wisdom is obeying God, then Solomon certainly was not wise!**

One can be wise, but not necessarily all the time.
 
spock
**
Then I think we should reconsider our definition of wisdom. If wisdom is obeying God, then Solomon certainly was not wise!**

One can be wise, but not necessarily all the time.
http://art.thewalters.org/images/art/thumbnails/pl9_44467_fnt_bw-2.jpg

Yes, but can one be wise by knowing the truth but not obeying it?

I’m reminded of the current question for which I’m seeking an answer:

But do you disagree and believe, as Aquinas did, that Socrates believed it is impossible for a wise man to sin?

And it seems to me that if wisdom always is obeying God, then it certainly is impossible for a wise man to sin. For as soon as he sins, he is no longer obeying God and so, no longer a wise man!

But as Socrates’ charioteer is pulled through the heavens by two winged horses, does wisdom have two different acts that move it–cognition and volition? Or is wisdom merely knowing the truth and obeying the truth something altogether different from Her?

I guess what I’m asking is this: What is wisdom?
 
spock

**And it seems to me that if wisdom always is obeying God, then it certainly is impossible for a wise man to sin. For as soon as he sins, he is no longer obeying God and so, no longer a wise man! **

It is never impossible for a wise man to sin. Solomon was wise and a sinner.

Wisdom is a weapon to use against sin. But if one drops one’s weapon, one might sin. That is what the devil wants us to do … drop all our weapons against him and submit.
 
spock

**And it seems to me that if wisdom always is obeying God, then it certainly is impossible for a wise man to sin. For as soon as he sins, he is no longer obeying God and so, no longer a wise man! **

It is never impossible for a wise man to sin. Solomon was wise and a sinner.

Wisdom is a weapon to use against sin. But if one drops one’s weapon, one might sin. That is what the devil wants us to do … drop all our weapons against him and submit.
http://www.bazaarinegypt.com/catalog/images/EP065.jpg

Yes, but is it a weapon of the mind, only? Or is it a weapon of action? Is wisdom a warrior’s chariot pulled by two war horses into battle, or just one? Consider what God gave to Solomon: Did God give him wisdom that knows the truth, or wisdom that lives the truth, or both?
 
What King Solomon knew, for he copied it word for word in his own handwriting:

16 The king, moreover, must not acquire great numbers of horses for himself or make the people return to Egypt to get more of them, for the Lord has told you, “You are not to go back that way again.” 17 He must not take many wives, or his heart will be led astray. He must not accumulate large amounts of silver and gold.

18 When he takes the throne of his kingdom, he is to write for himself on a scroll a copy of this law, taken from that of the Levitical priests.

(Deuteronomy 17)

What King Solomon did, as he confessed with his own words:

4 I undertook great projects: I built houses for myself and planted vineyards. 5 I made gardens and parks and planted all kinds of fruit trees in them. 6 I made reservoirs to water groves of flourishing trees. 7 I bought male and female slaves and had other slaves who were born in my house. I also owned more herds and flocks than anyone in Jerusalem before me. 8 I amassed silver and gold for myself, and the treasure of kings and provinces. I acquired male and female singers, and a harem as well—the delights of a man’s heart. 9 I became greater by far than anyone in Jerusalem before me. In all this my wisdom stayed with me.

10 I denied myself nothing my eyes desired;
I refused my heart no pleasure.

(Ecclesiastes 2)

In this context, was he wise in both thought and deeds, or in thought only?
 
spock

4 I undertook great projects: I built houses for myself and planted vineyards. 5 I made gardens and parks and planted all kinds of fruit trees in them. 6 I made reservoirs to water groves of flourishing trees. 7 I bought male and female slaves and had other slaves who were born in my house. I also owned more herds and flocks than anyone in Jerusalem before me. 8 I amassed silver and gold for myself, and the treasure of kings and provinces. I acquired male and female singers, and a harem as well—the delights of a man’s heart. 9 I became greater by far than anyone in Jerusalem before me. In all this my wisdom stayed with me.
**
In this context, was he wise in both thought and deeds, or in thought only? **

As I meant to say earlier, it may have been true that some of his wisdom stayed with him. Unfortunately, the part that did not stay with him deadened his virtue. His wisdom was altogether too much eclipsed by his foolish desires and deeds.
 
spock

4 I undertook great projects: I built houses for myself and planted vineyards. 5 I made gardens and parks and planted all kinds of fruit trees in them. 6 I made reservoirs to water groves of flourishing trees. 7 I bought male and female slaves and had other slaves who were born in my house. I also owned more herds and flocks than anyone in Jerusalem before me. 8 I amassed silver and gold for myself, and the treasure of kings and provinces. I acquired male and female singers, and a harem as well—the delights of a man’s heart. 9 I became greater by far than anyone in Jerusalem before me. In all this my wisdom stayed with me.
**
In this context, was he wise in both thought and deeds, or in thought only? **

As I meant to say earlier, it may have been true that some of his wisdom stayed with him. Unfortunately, the part that did not stay with him deadened his virtue. His wisdom was altogether too much eclipsed by his foolish desires and deeds.
Agreed, but I’m still seeking wisdom about Wisdom. For I don’t yet know for certain whether She is cognition and volition, or just cognition. I’m still unsure what Wisdom is, so I’m unable to say whether Socrates was truly wise or not.

Let us say–if only for giggles and grins–that Wisdom is merely cognition. I suppose, then that the current context would reveal to us that sinning Solomon was no less wise than righteous Solomon–if he ever was righteous. For even though he chose to go all out for sin–denying himself no sinful pleasure–he still *knew *the truth that sinning was unwise. We might say he was an extremely wise man who did unusually foolish things.

Does this sound reasonable, or ridiculous?
 
http://www.bazaarinegypt.com/catalog/images/EP065.jpg

Yes, but is it a weapon of the mind, only? Or is it a weapon of action? Is wisdom a warrior’s chariot pulled by two war horses into battle, or just one? Consider what God gave to Solomon: Did God give him wisdom that knows the truth, or wisdom that lives the truth, or both?
To go with your picture of the Egytian charioteer I would say this. Wisdom is the horses that carry the chariot to battle, but a charioteer who dose not take action once there is of little use. Wisdom without action (including sometimes the action of inaction) is useless.
 
Yes, and I’d add that the wisdom Socrates did receive was the wisdom he learned from others, rather than any he came up with on his own. He does a good job of explaining this in Theatetus, where he calls himself a barren midwife. Perhaps what he meant to convey is that he had wisdom, but he had no good reason to take credit for it himself?

👍
Quite posibly. A man owes much to those who taught him.
Would you say Socrates had less wisdom about how to avoid being arrogant than the modern man? We have a great deal of new information, today, but is there anything new about the human condition?
Not in the least. In fact looking at our world he probably had more. The human condition has not changed in my oppinion.
Yes, the goal one chooses does indeed have bearing on what method one chooses to achieve that goal. The more effective the method, the wiser the choice, in that case.

But the case about which I’m asking is different. Please allow me clarify my question: When I asked,

If Socrates did choose to flee in a ship rather than drink the poison in compliance with his death sentance, would this escaping death be wise?

I was actually not wondering what method to achieve his goal was wisest. Instead, I was wondering what goal was wisest. That is, what I want to know is this: Do you think it wise of Socrates to choose the goal of dying a martyr, rather than fleeing for his life? Based on your knowledge of Crito, what is your opinion?
Yes, I believe this the wise choice. He was already an old man at that age and likely would not have lived many years longer. Even if he had taught a few new pupils it likely not have outweighed the impact of his flight on his and his teaching reputation, or his labeling as a hypocrite. As I said, I’m a romantic guy, and few things are as romantic as giving ones life for ones cause. Had Socrates escaped and be labeled a hypocrite the history of philosophy and even other areas may be radically different.
I find it fascinating that the Greek Pagan–and later the Christian–tends to look for the Divine in thought, or wisdom, while the Buddhist looks for the Divine by ceasing the think. As a Germanic Pagan, what do you think of these two ways of getting closer to God or the gods?
I think you may misunderstand the intention of the Buddhist. They see the world as an allusion of pain and suffering, and as such seek to reach enlightenment and cease to exist. Most Buddhist meditation is not centered on a diety because Buddhism has no diety. It is however totaly open to the incorporation of dietys and as such Buddhists in Tibet, China, Southeast Asia, and Japan often worship their own local dietys. But most Buddhist meditation is not centered towards divinity but achieving enlightenment, realizing nothing is real.

Personally I do not subscribe to that concept. I think contemplation and deep thought are much better methods of approaching the divine. There is old Germanic shamanism called Seidh which is very similar to that of American Indians, where one seeks to empty the mind to open themselves up to divinity, but much of this has been lost to the sands of time.

However Germanic paganism in the end is not the most philosophical of religions. The divine in the end is beyond comprehension and in the end all man can do is live as best he can. It is a religion almost at the very opposite of Luther’s Sola Fide, much nearer Sola Actio.
 
Code:
To go with your picture of the Egytian charioteer I would say this. Wisdom is the horses that carry the chariot to battle, but a charioteer who dose not take action once there is of little use. Wisdom without action (including sometimes the action of inaction) is useless.
Indeed! Reminds me of something Saint James wrote:

As the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without deeds is dead.

(James 2:26)

For it seems to me this is possibly similarly true:

Wisdom without deeds is dead.

But does this mean wisdom without deeds is not wisdom? Is it not the living virtue, but instead an undead zombie of an imposter? Or is deedless wisdom the real deal, which requires volition to effect the world?

I suppose we might modify our analogy and say Wisdom is the charioteer, the horse is Volition. If the war horse dies in battle, or becomes as stubborn as a mule and refuses to move, the charioteer Wisdom cannot join the battle. Likewise, if the charioteer dies in battle and lets go of the reigns, there is none to guide Volition’s actions. The free steed pulls the chariot away from the battlefiel, or even charges wildly into battle, steering the chariot this way or that, crashing into the other chariots! So I suppose we might add:

Volition without wisdom is useless, or even harmful, though not dead.

Don’t you agree?
 
Quite posibly. A man owes much to those who taught him.
Agreed, and Socrates often said he gave credit where credit was due to those who gave genuine wisdom to him, though he admitted these were few. The Oracle at Delphi was one such person. He told all in Plato’s Symposium that he learned a great deal of wisdom from her.
Not in the least. In fact looking at our world he probably had more. The human condition has not changed in my oppinion.
In my opinion as well. I find it interesting, but not surprising that in the Information Age we know so much (or, more accurately, we have easy access to vastly more knowledge) but we have learned so little, on the whole. As knowledge increases, wisdom seems to decrease. I wonder, then if complete wisdom is not knowing more, for more knowledge does not seem to be any guarantee that one become wise. What then, would you say, is that which makes one wise, if not knowledge?
Yes, I believe this the wise choice. He was already an old man at that age and likely would not have lived many years longer. Even if he had taught a few new pupils it likely not have outweighed the impact of his flight on his and his teaching reputation, or his labeling as a hypocrite. As I said, I’m a romantic guy, and few things are as romantic as giving ones life for ones cause. Had Socrates escaped and be labeled a hypocrite the history of philosophy and even other areas may be radically different.
Yes, wise. Reminds me of something Jesus said:

“Greater love has no man than this–that he lay down his life for his friends.”

(John 15:13)

But though his choice was wise, was his choice Wisdom? That is, is wisdom discerning the truth, or choosing to act according to the truth? I wonder if choosing to act according to the truth is not wisdom, but something else like prudence or even courage. Do you wonder the same?
I think you may misunderstand the intention of the Buddhist. They see the world as an allusion of pain and suffering, and as such seek to reach enlightenment and cease to exist. Most Buddhist meditation is not centered on a diety because Buddhism has no diety. It is however totaly open to the incorporation of dietys and as such Buddhists in Tibet, China, Southeast Asia, and Japan often worship their own local dietys. But most Buddhist meditation is not centered towards divinity but achieving enlightenment, realizing nothing is real.
Personally I do not subscribe to that concept. I think contemplation and deep thought are much better methods of approaching the divine. There is old Germanic shamanism called Seidh which is very similar to that of American Indians, where one seeks to empty the mind to open themselves up to divinity, but much of this has been lost to the sands of time.
However Germanic paganism in the end is not the most philosophical of religions. The divine in the end is beyond comprehension and in the end all man can do is live as best he can. It is a religion almost at the very opposite of Luther’s Sola Fide, much nearer Sola Actio.
When one empties his mind, does he cease to think in words? If so, then what does he think in?
 
spock

**But does this mean wisdom without deeds is not wisdom? Is it not the living virtue, but instead an undead zombie of an imposter? Or is deedless wisdom the real deal, which requires volition to effect the world? **

Wisdom can be deedless, as in the case of armchair wisdom. We see things others do not see.

But if wisdom is entirely deedless, that would be to say that it is cowardly by refusing to act.

There are, I think, many people in this category, much as the old saw goes:

“The reason evil triumphs is that good men stand by and do nothing.”
 
Code:
Indeed! Reminds me of something Saint James wrote:

As the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without deeds is dead.

(James 2:26)

For it seems to me this is possibly similarly true:

Wisdom without deeds is dead.

But does this mean wisdom without deeds is not wisdom? Is it not the living virtue, but instead an undead zombie of an imposter? Or is deedless wisdom the real deal, which requires volition to effect the world?

I suppose we might modify our analogy and say Wisdom is the charioteer, the horse is Volition. If the war horse dies in battle, or becomes as stubborn as a mule and refuses to move, the charioteer Wisdom cannot join the battle. Likewise, if the charioteer dies in battle and lets go of the reigns, there is none to guide Volition’s actions. The free steed pulls the chariot away from the battlefiel, or even charges wildly into battle, steering the chariot this way or that, crashing into the other chariots! So I suppose we might add:

Volition without wisdom is useless, or even harmful, though not dead.

Don’t you agree?
Very much, though one could argue that not using wisdom is in and of itself unwise.
 
spock

When one empties his mind, does he cease to think in words? If so, then what does he think in?

Feelings.
 
spock

**But does this mean wisdom without deeds is not wisdom? Is it not the living virtue, but instead an undead zombie of an imposter? Or is deedless wisdom the real deal, which requires volition to effect the world? **

Wisdom can be deedless, as in the case of armchair wisdom. We see things others do not see.

But if wisdom is entirely deedless, that would be to say that it is cowardly by refusing to act.

There are, I think, many people in this category, much as the old saw goes:

“The reason evil triumphs is that good men stand by and do nothing.”
But I don’t see how we may have it both ways. To say wisdom is deedless and also not deedless is to be illogical. For it’s a logical contradiction:

Where

d = deedless

and

w = wisdom

if

w = d

then

w cannot = not d

You see?

Now if the is one true wisdom, then there is one concept of wisdom–one way to define Her-- that fits every example of what we know is wise. The question remains: What is the one thing that all examples of wisdom are? Is wisdom always deedless, or is wisdom always both the thoughts we think and the deeds we do?
 
spock

**So the question remains: Is wisdom deedless, or is wisdom the deeds we do? **

The possession of wisdom in thought would seem prior to wisdom in action, or our actions might be guided by foolishness rather than wisdom.
 
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