How to argue?

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Actually, your profile simply says, “Religion: None”, which, while suggesting atheism, doesn’t necessarily confirm it. You could merely be an irreligious spiritual-type, or a general theist, details-to-be-determined.
Atheist is someone who lacks the belief in a god or gods. Religion is the practice stemming from the belief in something “supernatural”.

You are right in a sense, the question “Religion” does not allow a proper response. (Just like the question: “when have you stopped beating your wife?”. If you never raised hand against your wife, this question cannot be answered.) If I had answered: “Religion: Atheist”, that would have been incorrect, as per the definition of “religion”. Atheism is not a religion.
BTW, there is a fellow who goes to my church every Sunday. He’s actually an atheist, just non-practicing. 😃
Quite possible. 🙂 He might go to church for the company or for social reasons. I have been in church a few times when I was invited to a wedding. There is nothing wrong with it. 🙂

Have a great day.

\//
 
Ad hominems, straw men, red herrings, slippery slopes, etc. Gotta watch out for those. 👍
Thank you, I agree with everything you said.
Oh, and just for the record, the Bible is true, because it says so, and it’s the Word of God, and God wouldn’t lie. So there. 😛
Now, if you were not joking (as confirmed by the smiley), that would be a perfect example of what I am worried about. Of course I would point out that circular arguments are incorrect. Then the answer may be (actually I have seen this): “circular arguments happen in legal practice, and they cannot be discarded on that ground”. How can I charitably answer such an assertion?

Have a wonderful day!

\//
 
Spock

My personal take.

I feel there is a misunderstanding that aggravates the discussion of these sorts at the outset, and explains why an opponent comes away unsatisfied. He feels the Catholic is somehow unwavering in his stance, and he is right. There IS an underlying something that drives him. Just a few truths that exist prior to any discussion.

It may very well be that the Catholic may not know these truths himself. The influence of sectist freedom to pick and choose differing and variations of his own dogma, accompanied with the common relaxed attitude toward obedience have rubbed off on the modern Catholic.

The concept that Catholicism is just one of many Deitically approved religions is wrong. It is the only religion that Deity sanctions to exist. The other religions do not have a spiritual licence to exist, they are human institutions. It is generally accepted that they may have some token effect in God’s glorification, but not to the wholly accepted extent that a certified Catholic may offer.

Unknowing even to some Catholics is the fact that all arguments based on the platform, and for the Catholic Church have an underlying motive. The Catholic swears unwavering allegiance and obedience to the Church, and is mandated in every second of his life to promote it’s cause without question. It becomes for him a personal crusade, not merely a discussion between opponents of beliefs they have in common. The underlying intent of the persuasive stance of the Catholic is to bring the erring cultist back to the fold. It is true that the opponent may find the Catholic’s overlying posture at variance with Church approval in some cases.

For liberties of Catholics in this regard, he may present personal views and beliefs within the strict confines of De Fides’, pious opinions(Sentia Pia), or least degree of certainty (Opinio Tolerata) (Example: Christ’s soul possessed infused knowledge.), provided there hasn’t been a conflict with a certified official truth, and spiritually benign both to the impeding of the progress of conversion or influence of others, and to the maturity of the individual’s own Faith. The Catholic keeps himself informed through approved channels.

So if the conversation makes it past this gauntlet first, then there’s a good promise that the discussion will be constructive.

*(The Fundamentals of Catholic Dogma, Ludwig Ott)

Andy 🙂
 
I feel there is a misunderstanding that aggravates the discussion of these sorts at the outset, and explains why an opponent comes away unsatisfied. He feels the Catholic is somehow unwavering in his stance, and he is right. There IS an underlying something that drives him. Just a few truths that exist prior to any discussion.
Yes, this is a perfectly good explanation, and I understand it. However, I think there are a few more problems involved in a serious discussion.

One would be a different set of definitions. When browsing the forums, I saw some definitions, which seem to be problematic. This is why I started a new thread (no replies to it so far) where I wanted to clarify some basic definitions. Without a common definition to the basics there cannot be a meaningful discussion.

The other problem I see is the toolset chosen in the debates. I looked at the thread dealing with the Catholic morality regarding sexual matters. Incidentally, I think the title was chosen somewhat incorrectly, instead of saying: “Catholic sexual morality - indefensible” I would say: “Catholic sexual morality - indefensible on secular grounds”. After all, the Catholic sexual morality is very much defensible on Catholic grounds. Where it fails is having a secular underpinning.

As an example to the contrary, the concept “Thou shalt not murder” is very much defensible both by Catholic reasoning and by secular reasoning. The two processing methods might be different, but the conclusion is the same: both parties agree that murder is wrong. It does not really matter if the methods are different, as long as there is an agreement on the result.

This does not apply to the mentioned thread. Catholicism asserts that sexuality is intimately tied to the possibility of conception, even if there is not way to achieve it (say after a hysterectomy, or if one has the tubes tied). That principle cannot be defended on purely secular grounds. I understand the Catholic reasoning, but it does not apply to anyone who is not a Catholic. (Actually it does not apply to all the Catholics either. There are many Catholics who do practice contraception, or engage in non-vaginal intercourse.) I would say that in such cases the “unwavering stance” you mentioned is illogical and not warranted. Should one “unwaveringly” stick to a “rule-set” if it makes no sense (on rational grounds, of course)?

Have a wonderful day!

\//
 
I think it is necessary at times to inject points into a discussion that are so powerful and unanswerable that the person to whom these remarks are addressed may tend to over-react and become angry. This is especially likely to happen in discussions with atheists, who tend to twist the argument into an attack on their person (“Stop telling me what my motive is for being an atheist!”) when the atheist at the same time is openly or by insinuation constantly implying that true believers are ignorant of science and prone to superstition. You will often find atheists using words like “silly” or “absurd” or “childish” to describe a religious point of view expressed in these forums.

So I think the criticism of manners goes both ways, and I have noticed that the worst and most angry manners belong to the atheists. I am certainly not alone in thinking so. Many Catholic apologists I know have registered the same complaint.

So I think when atheists presume to tell Christians how to comport themselves in discussions, they should also be giving atheists some advice as well.
 
I am sorry, but I am confused. I do not consider all the Christians or Catholics “inferior” in any way. I agree that many Catholics are far superior in knowledge and understanding to me.

But there are exceptions. There are quite a few, who use completely irrelevant and inflammatory “methods” of arguing. Just like I said, when they accuse the atheist responder of considering every Catholic an “idiot” for not accepting what millions hold true. After all, majority does not decide the validity of a claim, as we all know.

Is there any way to deal with such persons - within the forum rules, of course - besides ignoring them? Respect is great, but it has to earned, doesn’t it? One cannot respect everyone, especially those who willfully use incorrect arguments.
I agree with you that respect needs to be earned, as oft spoken. As a newbie, I haven’t been able to comb the threads well enough to discuss the responses of atheists and theists, Catholics in particular. However, I’ve been on other forums like Topix which doesn’t monitor responses anywhere near the way this forum does. (Before the election, Topix was very rough and unruly, indeed, to put it nicely. As a Catholic I was called some pretty nasty names).

Verbal etiquette is necessary in order for people to keep posting. Here I haven’t even noticed anybody LOL or LOLROF or. . . nevermind except for a couple of my own posts. (But, like I said, I haven’t surfed all the tantalizing boards yet. It seems that everybody here seems so, you might say, erudite. References are backed up, and the topic stays on course generally. That is necessary to keep a thread from breaking. I really like it here, but it does take a lot of time to read and digest all the posts, then try to word something intelligible to debate or at least to respond to.

What to do about people with an attitude? Maybe a clever come back would give them a clue. Or some kind of wake–up call. A little icon might apply. I’m sure others have some good ideas.
 
This thread is not aimed at provoking a discussion, rather it is the collection of a few thoughts I gathered while reading these boards. Naturally, I welcome any all all replies.

In my opinion far too many posters use ineffective arguments, which could not possibly be persuasive to the discussion partner, because they use incorrect “tools”.

When arguing with a Catholic, you are in an easy position: you can use any all platforms, the Cathecism, the Magistretium, the Bible, the Sacred Tradition, and any secular arguments you may think of.

When arguing with a Protestant, the “toolset” becomes smaller. Since Protestants do not acknowledge anything but the Sola Scriptura, your arguments should be based upon the Bible and nothing else, apart of course using secular arguments (if you so choose).

Finally, when arguing with an atheist (no need to capitalize it), the only convincing arguments are the non-religious, secular ones. Since atheists do not believe in the Bible, the Cathecism, the declarations of the pope, or any revelation, it is ineffective to use any of these methods to support your position. Naturally, they are great to clarify your position, but you should never think that you actually presented an argument.

This is the true and acceptable “ad-hominem” method. Base your arguments on what your opponent considers correct, not what you think is correct. The discussions will be much more fruitful. 🙂 Obviously this is just a friendly advice, nothing more.

Have a nice day!

\//
most excellent!

rationalism is the sword by which one must attack atheism. they respect nothing else, funny enough when pressed they really only respect what they can see. you know you have struck a nerve when they begin insisting on empirical evidence.🙂
 
So I think when atheists presume to tell Christians how to comport themselves in discussions, they should also be giving atheists some advice as well.
I did. In the opening post I did not specify whom I am talking to, I left that piece intentionally blank.

The necessity to be polite applies to everyone. That is a given. However, the nature of the acceptable evidence varies from person to person. I merely poited out that it is more fruitful to choose a method which is acceptable by both parties. 🙂

Have a nice day.

\//
 
most excellent!
Thank you.
rationalism is the sword by which one must attack atheism.
It is a good “sword”. And it cuts both ways. 🙂
they respect nothing else, funny enough when pressed they really only respect what they can see. you know you have struck a nerve when they begin insisting on empirical evidence.🙂
I have no idea what you mean here. Suppose I would insist that a bunch of little green men landed in my back yard on a fantastic space ship. I bet you would not just accept it on my word alone, you would also demand empirical evidence. Would I be correct to say that I “struck a nerve”?

Have a nice day.

\//
 
I have no idea what you mean here. Suppose I would insist that a bunch of little green men landed in my back yard on a fantastic space ship. I bet you would not just accept it on my word alone, you would also demand empirical evidence. Would I be correct to say that I “struck a nerve”?
no.

little green men are physical things, i would wish to see them.

first cause, must necessarily be, non-physical
as nothing physical can cause itself.

therefore, asking for empirical evidence of something that must necessarily be non-physical is usually the end of the road in that conversation.

other arguments come first but they follow a rather predictable pattern.

when finally cornered most atheists start insisting if they cant have empirical evidence. they dont have to believe.

which really means they no longer accept logic.

the pattern differs a little as do the arguments, but the picture is generally the same.

for all the atheists that i have yet met, atheism is, inthe end, a position held from desire.

there are possibly atheists who have some irrefutable argument, i just have yet to see it.

first cause is a giant hurdle.
 
Spock:
As an example to the contrary, the concept “Thou shalt not murder” is very much defensible both by Catholic reasoning and by secular reasoning.
The common error is to view atheisim as a religion. We tend to treat atheists has presenting religious views, this is an error for us, and wishful thinking for them. They by their own agreement only present human rules.

If personal precepts are every person’s measure of ideal conduct, then you have a problem with the atheist at the outset. Your precepts are Deistic Law. You only have the assurance that THIS PARTICULAR atheist upholds this murder rule. It is an error to assume you are talking with a representative of a group who hold ideals in common, as the only precept they can abide by runs the gammit from no precepts to everyone’s. The atheist’s beliefs circumscribes the boundaries of what he can opinion in others. The efficacy of having a living God then must be disqualified from discussions. A scientific discussion on the trajectory of a comet is futile with a person who professes he doesn’t believe in comets.

Andy
 
I am sorry, but I am confused. I do not consider all the Christians or Catholics “inferior” in any way. I agree that many Catholics are far superior in knowledge and understanding to me.

But there are exceptions. There are quite a few, who use completely irrelevant and inflammatory “methods” of arguing. Just like I said, when they accuse the atheist responder of considering every Catholic an “idiot” for not accepting what millions hold true. After all, majority does not decide the validity of a claim, as we all know.

Is there any way to deal with such persons - within the forum rules, of course - besides ignoring them? Respect is great, but it has to earned, doesn’t it? One cannot respect everyone, especially those who willfully use incorrect arguments.

Have a nice day!

\//
Time permitting, the forum moderator will read most, if not all, of the posts in these threads, or, be told that a particular thread may be distasteful to others. The moderator will take a look and either warn or kick the offender, or, snip the offending language. Or, all three!

One may blast another’s ideas, but, do not blast the Church. Most Catholics herein are not apologists. Our opinions are our own. Our arguments are our own, albeit they may be borrowed from the Church’s reservior.

Unfortunately, there are some herein whose sole purpose for being here is to be “argumentative” - to “spin”. While spinning is often exhilarating (at least to the “spinner”), it belies an ulterior motive. It belies a motive that is often not in synch with their stated motive(s). Such argumentativeness has, as its primary purpose, the primary motive of inflaming, not the motive of arriving at truth(s), or, help towards understanding, etc.

It might be helpful to wrap your responses in prayer, unless your an atheist. Then, wrap your responses in “Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.” This won’t always work. Some posters seethe in anger. Sometimes it takes dropping down to their tone level in order to bring the happening up tone. But, the balance of the conversation should depict that it is improving,

These are just my opinions; for what they’re worth.

jd
 
Atheist is someone who lacks the belief in a god or gods. Religion is the practice stemming from the belief in something “supernatural”.
We probably need to get off to the better start: that we must agree on certain definitions. The online dictionaries seem to define “atheist” thusly,

*“a·the·ist (th-st)
n.
One who disbelieves or denies the existence of God or gods.” *- THE FREE ONLINE DICTIONARY

and,

“Atheism, as an explicit position, can be either the assertion that there are no deities,[1] or the rejection of theism.[2] It is also[3] defined more broadly as an absence of belief in deities, or nontheism.[4” - WIKIPEDIA

The word, “lack”, does not show up. It may seem that it is simply a lack of belief, but, it is more than just a passive mental happening. Wikipedia suggests that the “absence of belief in deities”, is more correctly called nontheism, and “lack of belief” is a broadening of the definition.
You are right in a sense, the question “Religion” does not allow a proper response. (Just like the question: “when have you stopped beating your wife?”. If you never raised hand against your wife, this question cannot be answered.) If I had answered: “Religion: Atheist”, that would have been incorrect, as per the definition of “religion”. Atheism is not a religion.
See above . . .
jd
 
Yes, this is a perfectly good explanation, and I understand it. However, I think there are a few more problems involved in a serious discussion.

One would be a different set of definitions. When browsing the forums, I saw some definitions, which seem to be problematic. This is why I started a new thread (no replies to it so far) where I wanted to clarify some basic definitions. Without a common definition to the basics there cannot be a meaningful discussion.
Good.
The other problem I see is the toolset chosen in the debates. I looked at the thread dealing with the Catholic morality regarding sexual matters. Incidentally, I think the title was chosen somewhat incorrectly, instead of saying: “Catholic sexual morality - indefensible” I would say: “Catholic sexual morality - indefensible on secular grounds”. After all, the Catholic sexual morality is very much defensible on Catholic grounds. Where it fails is having a secular underpinning.

As an example to the contrary, the concept “Thou shalt not murder” is very much defensible both by Catholic reasoning and by secular reasoning. The two processing methods might be different, but the conclusion is the same: both parties agree that murder is wrong. It does not really matter if the methods are different, as long as there is an agreement on the result.
I know that my reply might have the unwanted effect of taking this discussion off-topic, but, perhaps not, as it does tend to inure to the development of the idea of “correct definitions”. However, here goes: “How, precisely, would you defend ‘Thou shalt not murder,’ on a secular basis?”
This does not apply to the mentioned thread. Catholicism asserts that sexuality is intimately tied to the possibility of conception, even if there is not way to achieve it (say after a hysterectomy, or if one has the tubes tied). That principle cannot be defended on purely secular grounds. I understand the Catholic reasoning, but it does not apply to anyone who is not a Catholic. (Actually it does not apply to all the Catholics either. There are many Catholics who do practice contraception, or engage in non-vaginal intercourse.) I would say that in such cases the “unwavering stance” you mentioned is illogical and not warranted. Should one “unwaveringly” stick to a “rule-set” if it makes no sense (on rational grounds, of course)?
So, following your reasoning, no Catholic can err (in reasoning, or, in interpretation). No Catholic can be honestly ignorant (of precisely what the Church teaches). No Catholic can seat himself, ex cathedra, in the stead of the Pope, and choose to improperly apply the “rules” of the Church. And, just how is this “not rational”? How is it that this, “makes no sense”?

jd
 
Kudos to Spock for starting this thread. Respects to all. but especioally to AndyF, Gothi, and JDanile. I admire the sanity of your presentations and your proactively upholding a standard for all.

In this case, JD, I did read all the posts before launching into this, but there is at least one thread on here that has upwards of 700 posts. That is daunting, so your take on that is useful. Regarding this thread, in particular, I was appreciative of Spock’s premise of addressing opponents (I think that is the right term for a participant in a debate…) on their own terms. I have seen few more frustrating things on here than arguments between people who appear to live on differnt planets. These often fall into the “apples vs oranges” catagory. This is closely followed by the lack of defined terms. In any case, I feel that the movement toward definition and propriety is advanced by this thread.

For what it is worth, this is my contribution to the already useful ideas put forth here, these being added in the hope of greater scope of inclusion.

First and foremost, I strongly recommend spell check and and at least a perfunctory editing. I wish that our education system had this so inculcated in us that even if we hadn’t slept off any recreational chemical residue, we would yet do this. Of course, I myserf neber make mistrakes…

As I think JD(?) stated, these posts stem from our private and/or faith based opinions and no one so far that I have encountered here is the actual founder of a movement or author of any of the cited books that appear on here in profusion. In this regard, that means that as Gothi mentioned, we are varied in our degree of debating ability. I think therefore that it might behoove at least those who are interested in such, to delve a bit into such things as basic epistemology, General Semanitcs, various simple logics, etc. Clearly some have done this, AndyF coming immediatly to mind.

In this regard I continue to emphatically recommend the unfortunately and misleadingly titled *Insights for the Age of Aquarious: a handbook for religious sanity *by Gina Cerminara. It is the best, most entertaining, and clearly annotated work on comparative religon I personally have ever come across. It includes such usefull tools for analysis a Korzybski’s structural differential, and sections on meaning, translation, communication, collections, etc. If there is any book on this topic I would recommmend everyone to have on their shelves, this is it.

There might be another area of investigation associated with the above, and that, being somewhat esoteric despite its fundamental importance, I will only mention in passing. That is the very structure of English as a perceptual/expressive modality as relative to reality. As an example for consideration I will suppy this quote from RA Heinlein: “In English, only the first person singular of the verb ‘to be’ is true to fact.” For a more complete discussion of this issue, I recommend David Bohm’s Wholeness and the Implicate Order. I might also recomment an inquiry into the matter of the word “I” having an entirely different meaning in many Middle Eastern teachings when used metaphysically/scripturally than our common English undestanding of that word.

Next I strongly support the warnings of using the internal logic of the Church to convince anyone outside of it. That can and does spark incindiary remarks. Those of course tend, like the “idiots” statement, to be declarations of mistaking a part for the whole. One stance on one issue does not necessarily an idiot make, except perhaps in that single area, and that is yet a point on a continuum of change. Blah, blah, you likely know what I mean.

Next, I would like to point out a dynamic of omission that I find on these fora, though I do have a good and very understandable clue as to why it is present. I am presenting it merely as a curiosity, having little hope or intention of there being any change in this regard.

This being a Catholic sponsored venue, the main divison of debate is along Catholic/non-Catholic lines. There are sub divisions of non-Catholic, which as far as I can tell include the following catagories: Protestants, Jews, Muslims, and sometimes Buddhists, and of course atheists. Generally, these are further characterisable by being theistic vs non-theistic stances or systems. My observation regards a further refinement in the thiestic catagory, with my paucitude of hope stemming from the lack of proponents of these “ways” participating on these pages.

I speak of the deists, who believe in God, yet from natural reasoning as distinct from scriptural referents, and of non-dualists whose concept of God and our relation to diety is radically* different from that of the mainstream believer. Yet these views are at least of historic and pragmatic importance, even if dismissable on grounds of Catholic belief. Somehow, I sense that the garden variety Catholic is not even aware of these positions of understanding.

Again, as a matter of completeness, I would encourage a working familiarity with at least the non-dualist stance, especially in regard to the note above pertinent to the understanding of the word “I” as used in some Middle and Far Eastern teachings. I have personally found this understanding to aid immeasurably in the interpretation of particular personal experiences and some historical issues inadequatley addressed by any explanations offered by the Church that I have by my own years long effort been able to discern.
Code:
*Worth looking up etymologically in your Funk and Wagnalls
 
no.

little green men are physical things, i would wish to see them.
Very well. So if something is physical, then it is reasonable to ask for physical, empirical evidence. I agree.
first cause, must necessarily be, non-physical as nothing physical can cause itself.
There are many problems with the first cause argument, but this thread is not the place to go into details. So I will be very brief.
  1. How are you going to substantiate that nothing physical can cause itself? It is merely an assumption, plausible, but not necessarily true.
  2. Suppose, it is true what you said. It does not follow that there must be a non-physical cause. It can also be that the phenomenon is uncaused.
  3. Since the act of the supposed creation involves physical entities (the created “stuff”), even by your standard it is reasonable to ask for empirical evidence.
  4. Finally, we know of many non-physical entities, namely concepts and ideas. Non of these entities are “active”, they cannot “cause” anything. Therefore, the question arises: “what does it mean that a non-physical entity causes (creates) something physical?”. I am asking about a hypothetical method.
But, this problem should be discussed in a thread of its own. 🙂

Have a nice day!

\//
 
The common error is to view atheisim as a religion. We tend to treat atheists has presenting religious views, this is an error for us, and wishful thinking for them. They by their own agreement only present human rules.
Agreed.
You only have the assurance that THIS PARTICULAR atheist upholds this murder rule.
Indeed, atheists are very loosely coupled group. Not all will subscribe to same ethical standard. But that is not what I was talking about. The rule of “Thou shalt not murder” is the corollary of a very simple and secular concept, the reverse golden rule. It is an ancient formula: “do not do unto others that you would not want them to do onto you”.

There is no reference to any deity here, just a basic concept: “to live and let live”. I would not want you to hurt me, therefore I will not hurt you. I would like you to respect me, therefore I will respect you. It is the formula of reciprocity.

It does not matter that not all the atheists will obey this rule. After all the command against murder established by God was not adhered to by all believers either.

The desirability of a standard is not measured by the number of adherents.

Have a great day.

\//
 
We probably need to get off to the better start: that we must agree on certain definitions. The online dictionaries seem to define “atheist” thusly,

"a·the·ist (th-st)
n.
One who disbelieves
or denies the existence of God or gods." - THE FREE ONLINE DICTIONARY

and,

"Atheism, as an explicit position, can be either the assertion that there are no deities,[1] or the rejection of theism.[2] It is also[3] defined more broadly as an absence of belief in deities, or nontheism.[4" - WIKIPEDIA

The word, “lack”, does not show up. It may seem that it is simply a lack of belief, but, it is more than just a passive mental happening. Wikipedia suggests that the “absence of belief in deities”, is more correctly called nontheism, and “lack of belief” is a broadening of the definition.
Doesn’t it? Disbelief or absence of belief is the lack of belief. 🙂

Theism is the belief in some god or gods. A-theism is the negation of this belief.

Let’s be precise. There are two kinds of atheists, the implicit ones and the explicit ones.

An implicit atheist might be someone who has never been exposed to the concept of a god. Or someone, whose mental faculties are insufficient to comprehend this concept. By definition neither can profess the belief in a god, either because they never heard of it, or because they cannot comprehend it. Therefore they are both atheists.

The explicit atheists heard of the concept, are able to understand it, but for one reason or another do not believe that there is an entity corresponding to this concept.

This is the way I use these words.

Have a wonderful day.

\//
 
I know that my reply might have the unwanted effect of taking this discussion off-topic, but, perhaps not, as it does tend to inure to the development of the idea of “correct definitions”. However, here goes: “How, precisely, would you defend ‘Thou shalt not murder,’ on a secular basis?”
Oops, my mistake, I answered this in response to Andy, a few posts above. Would you please check it out?
So, following your reasoning, no Catholic can err (in reasoning, or, in interpretation). No Catholic can be honestly ignorant (of precisely what the Church teaches). No Catholic can seat himself, ex cathedra, in the stead of the Pope, and choose to improperly apply the “rules” of the Church. And, just how is this “not rational”? How is it that this, “makes no sense”?
I agree that the Catholic rules for sexual conduct are valid for Catholics (even though many will not follow them to the letter). However they are not applicable to others, since they are not established in a secular manner.

Have a nice day.

\//
 
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