Does anyone know how much drug research is by Pharma vs government money vs university research?
There are a lot of articles, but
https://www.researchamerica.org/sites/default/files/2016US_Invest_R&D_report.pdf gives you the breakdown for 2015: industry, 64.7%; federal gov., 22.62%; universities 5.45%; then misc. organizations.
As I pointed out above “costs” are flexible, depending on what you want them to be. Obviously (I hope everyone sees that) drug companies have a financial interest in inflating research “costs” as high as possible to get tax breaks. And, as I pointed out before, NO ONE knows what these “costs” consist of outside the financial depts. of the companies involved.
I will give some examples from the vaccine company I used to work for. We had one anti-toxin used to treat food poisoning. We bought it after WW II as surplus. The brilliant accountants at the time said, “I have a bright idea! First, we’re going to expense the lost interest income we COULD have gotten if we had invested that money instead of buying that stupid anti-toxin!” And another brilliant accountant said, “And look! We have to store it! And since it’s live cells, we have to keep it at a certain temperature in special containers and so on! We’ll add those costs on every year, and compound them!” And the head of finance said, “Great ideas, guys!” Fast forward 40 years. The “cost” of the anti-toxin was now MORE THAN the retail price every other producer was selling it for. So did we sell any? Ever? Of course not. Did the company revise it’s accounting system and write off the compounded “costs” accrued since 1945? Silly question. Of course not. It’s still sitting there accumulating costs.
We also produced a typhoid vaccine. One problem: it was a live vaccine. That meant it could actually CAUSE typhoid in some people. We could have developed another type of vaccine that would NOT be able to cause typhoid in those who got it. Think we did it? Nah, it cost too much.
We also produced factor 8, which is a blood product that helps hemophiliacs with blood clotting. Where did we get the blood to produce it? Prisons in Louisiana. Hmmm…AIDS, anyone? Well, yeah, but that heat treating process that would have prevented it from spreading AIDS is expensive…we can’t afford THAT. And so, we shipped factor 8 that mostly likely gave a bunch of people AIDS.
Then of course there was the failure of type 2 Sabin polio vaccine. Our vaccine was trivalent: it protected against three different strains of polio. We found out (through a customer…) that the type 2 wasn’t effective. We tested it (on employees, including me). Yup, sure enough. No type 2 antibodies. So we had a massive recall of the product…just kidding. No recall. What are you, Socialists? We wanted that nice green paper called money. Nope. Kept it secret. Did people die? Only God knows. Did we fix the problem for future batches? Yes, at least we did that.
So when you start talking about “costs” and “research” you need to look at the real world. And what makes the world go round? Money. Cold cash. Not that do-gooder stuff about helping people.