Psych disability claims are the easiest of all to make. Supposedly “objective” because disability factors are placed on a “grid”, the position on the “grid” is the purely subjective judgment of a psychologist or psychiatrist. Sigificant effect on two or more of a number of categories, or profound effect on one, and the administrative law judge has no choice but to find in favor of the claimant. Typically, the only evidence at the hearing is that of the claimant’s expert. Typically, SSA has no lawyer at the hearing and no expert of its own.
Knowing, as I do, a substantial number of people on SSD, it would be my observation that a good number in excess of 10% can actually work. Outright “fraud” in the sense of not being disabled at all is not so much the source of overinclusion, as is the level of disability that is considered “total”. There is a significant level of “fraud” in the sense that recipients of SSD often work in the “shadow economy” for cash. There is also an assumption that work history determines disability. If a person’s work history includes only industrial labor, for example, no consideration is given to the possibility that such person may be quite intelligent and have managerial abilities that have never been used, or have been used but are not recognized in the job “classifications” for what he has done in the past. That, in itself, is not “fraud” in the sense of claimant deception. The system deceives itself.
But the real injustice in all of it is the level of benefits for people who do not have sufficient “quarters” (quarter years) of work paid into the social security system. Such people receive, at best, SSI, which is a paltry benefit. (About $500/month the last I knew) Ironically, such people are usuallly the ones who are the most disabled, having spotty and unsuccessful work histories, or none at all. Mentally retarded people, former homemakers and people with chronic illnesses are heavily represented in those ranks. SSI is “means tested”, unlike SSD. So a person on SSI is severely limited in what he/she can own, whereas SSD can be received by a person with significant earning assets, and often is. Bill Gates would be disqualified from receiving SSI, but not the much higher SSD.
Never have I heard a political candidate (including all those now running) address that inequity. That’s one reason why I am so skeptical of Dem claims of “being for the poor” or such things. Year after year, through Dem and Repub congresses and presidencies, the inequity continues. It is probably the most obvious of all social justice issues, and the easiest to fix. But nobody even talks about it. My suspicion is that is because there are few SSI recipients who vote. The political emphasis is all on middle class welfare, because there are a lot of potential votes when you tell the middle class you are going to give them something for “free” (i.e., paid for by somebody else) that they could pay for, albeit perhaps with difficulty at times. In my opinion, that is profoundly corrupting to a society, The fact that political candidates run on middle class welfare concepts (usually quite vague) and succeed doing it, tells me the society is pretty far down that road.