The Church clearly created some rules surrounding conditional salvation. You have posted some of them.
They were probably only looking to define and regulate the reality of the fact that a priest can intend what he will and it was so before the first catechism was written down by some scribe. It is simply the case that intentions can come with conditions. It was so before the Church made rules around it.
If you have a priest serve as your connection to the holy sacrifice of Calvary, or if you pray while intending to share in the Church's intentions, you risk not having your interests prayed for. I can't believe God makes it good unless the priest or the Church pray that their intention be so only if it's the will of God, or if the faithful person in question prays for it.
Can it be they choose to pray for and save you from serious physical harm and spiritual interference from demons or preternatural powers or unhealthy sinful spiritual rapports, but do not choose to save your good sense from the notion that so much blind faith is not warranted? Suppose they may do so thinking it is for your own good or the greater good.
Suppose Luther knew his priest had intended that the saving power of his masses did not extend to a reasonable number of eligible priestly candidates in things which would not ruin them but which would force a choice between priesthood and death, such as a lightning storm?
If you were hastening across the same field and a lightning storm blew up, and you knew in your conscience that you were on some mission which God approved of, would it not encourage you to continue, assuming there was no good way to avoid or delay the trip?
Now, what if your conscience told you that you weren't protected and stood a good chance of dying, and it was merely because the local hierarchy in your area found it prudent by their fallible human judgment that it be so?
Last, oversight and rules don't always prevent abuse.
All of this has a point relevant to the OP. There need not be some other church which the Lord started in order for the protestant reformers to have validly believed there was a need to find a different way to obtain salvation.
A prayer that is not offered subject to the will of God is no prayer at all. You may not be able to believe that God can "make it good", but I do. Almighty God is not limited to His sacraments nor to His priests. If you are seeking some kind of admission that this is so, here you have it. I don't think the Church has ever denied that.
And to repeat for the umpteenth time, the reference to conditional conferral of the sacraments, in various catechisms and moral theology texts, refers not to the priest having any reservation in his mind or intent as to whether this penitent or that
deserves the sacrament, but whether it is
possible to confect that sacrament. A person cannot be baptized (or confirmed, or ordained, or what have you) more than once, and a priest cannot confer absolution or extreme unction against the will of the penitent. Where that will cannot be known (as in the case of an unconscious or possibly dead penitent who is given absolution or unction), or when there is some doubt that the original sacrament was ever validly administered (as in the case of baptism, confirmation, or holy orders), the priest adminsters that sacrament conditionally.
That's all it means.
This whole matter has been ground down into the finest point possible, and I have never heard of anyone seeking to assert that a priest can trick his penitent into having received a sacrament when in fact he has not. As I said, if a priest deems a penitent unworthy of receiving a sacrament, it is his duty to refuse the sacrament and to advise the penitent thusly, not to simulate it and fool the penitent into thinking he has received a sacrament when he has not.
If it is important to you to think that a priest could surreptitiously tamper with intention, matter, or form, in order to simulate the sacrament and trick the penitent into thinking he has received that sacrament, I will grant that he does indeed have that ability,
arguendo --- the alternative would be to say that no, a priest cannot do that, and if he tried, he would be paralyzed or struck dead on the spot before having had that chance (just as one would die instantly if he touched the Ark of the Covenant in the OT)
--- so there you have your answer (you actually had it somewhere upthread, I'm just reiterating it). Again, also as noted, this is not something with which Catholics concern themselves. If you do, that's your call.
This discussion has run its course.