I asked an apologist the question as to why does God allow suffering. This was his response:
In short, you have to appreciate the fact that we are not living in a universe as God intended it to be (the Garden of Eden). Rather, we are living in a fallen, sinful, and damaged universe; and this was caused by the sin of our first parents (Adam and Eve). Because of this, Satan has a certain amount of control over this universe, which is why there is sin, sickness, suffering, and death. The good news is that God is still in ultimate control, even though He has to permit a certain amount of evil and suffering to take place. And so, as St. Augustine puts it: “God does not cause bad things to happen. Rather, He causes bad things not to be the worst things possible.” For example, because of the dominion of Satan over this world, sometimes babies are born deformed with two heads. However, if Satan had his way (if God didn’t stop him or hold him in check), then ALL babies would be born deformed with two heads, or much worse. If Satan had full control, it would literally be hell on earth. But it’s not. God’s goodness is still part of this universe. However, there is also the pollution of satanic evil (sin, sickness, suffering, and death) because our first parents chose to let this in; and God cannot simply make it go away without violating His gift of free will to human beings, which is part of His love for us. So, the answer to your question is that, while God does indeed allow suffering, He does not allow the cruelest suffering. It can get A LOT worse than anything we experience. And the suffering that God does allow is permitted so that good may come from it. This is part of a great mystery of how God operates (i.e. is forced to operate) in this fallen world. We chose sin and to damage God’s perfect creation. God now must work with and through this damaged creation. …because He respects and indulges our choice. It was not His original choice or desire, though. It was ours. And His ultimate reply to it is the mystery of Christ’s Crucifixion. For God doesn’t just help us with our suffering, He Personally shares in it!